US3102530A - Heat exchanger assemblies for forced air furnaces - Google Patents

Heat exchanger assemblies for forced air furnaces Download PDF

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US3102530A
US3102530A US109388A US10938861A US3102530A US 3102530 A US3102530 A US 3102530A US 109388 A US109388 A US 109388A US 10938861 A US10938861 A US 10938861A US 3102530 A US3102530 A US 3102530A
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
radiators
combustion shell
furnaces
exchanger assemblies
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US109388A
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Gordon H Diehl
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/10—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates
    • F24H3/105—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat exchanger assemblies having a minimum resistance to air flow, which heat exchanger assemblies utilize common parts and can be readily fabricated to form units having different heating capacities. Accordingly, among my objects are the provision of an improved heat exchanger assembly which offers a minimum resistance to air flow thereacross; the further provision of a heat exchanger assembly embodying a combustion shell having a substantially airfoil configuration with relatively thin radiators supported by a partition panel to form an integral subassembly; and the still further provision of a heat exchanger assembly including a combustion shell and a plurality of radiators which can be readily combined to form units of different heat capacities.
  • the aforementioned and other objects are accomplished in the present invention by utilizing a common combustion shell of airfoil vertical cross-section in heating units of different capacities.
  • the improved heat exchanger assemblies are designed for use with conventional oil burners and can be used interchangeably in up-fiow or counter-flow arrangements.
  • the combustion shell comprises front and back panels and side walls which are seam welded together to form a unit which is airfoil or tear drop in vertical cross-section so as to offer minimum resistance to air flow thereacross.
  • Each side wall of the combustion shell has an opening for the attachment of a radiator, the radiators being used to increase the area of the heat exchange surface.
  • Each radiator comprises a pair of cup-shaped sheet metal members having seam welded edges, the side walls of which are located generally parallel to the side walls of the combustion shell.
  • furnaces of small capacity two small radiators are employed, one on each side of the combustion shell.
  • the largest capacity furnace embodies two large radiators and two small radiators, two one each side of the combustion shell.
  • a furnace of intermediate capacity two large radiators are emloyed, one on each side of the combustion shell.
  • the front Wall of the combustion shell has an opening for mounting a conventional gun-type oil burner therein.
  • Each radiator has a flue gas outlet communicating with a flue gas collector likewise located at the front of the unit, the collector being connected to a vertical stack in a conventional manner.
  • the blowers for the units can be located beneath the heat exchanger assembly for an upflow unit and above the heat exchanger assembly in a 3,102,530 Patented Sept. 3, 1963 counter-flow unit.
  • the entire heat exchanger assembly is attached to a partition panel which can be mounted in a furnace casing either above or beneath the blower compartment.
  • the flue gas collector is detachably connected to the partition panel to facilitate easy cleaning of theradiators.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of an up-flow forced warm air furnace embodying a heat exchanger assembly having two large and two small radiators constructed according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic view of a counter-flow furnace having two large and two small radiators.
  • one embodiment of the improved heat exchanger assembly is exemplified in connection with an up-flow oil-fired furnace enclosed by a casing 10 which is divided into a lower blower compartment 12, a heat exchanger compartment 14 and a burner and control compartment 16.
  • the heat exchanger compartment 14 is separated from the burner and control compartment 16 by a partition panel 18 which supports the heat exchanger assembly.
  • a conventional oil burner assembly 29 is suitably attached to the partition panel 18, the blast tube thereof extending through a pair of telescopically arranged metal rings, or annuli, 2,2 and 24.
  • a flue gas collector 26 is detachably connected to the partition panel 18 by a plurality of screw devices 28 along its lower edge, the upper edge being retained between a plurality of hooks 30 and the partition panel 18.
  • the flue gas collector is adapted for communication with a conventional stack, not shown.
  • the upper end of the heat exchanger compartment 14 is open to facilitate connection to a plenum chamber, not shown, when the furnace is installed.
  • the heat exchanger assembly is supported by the partition panel 18 and comprises a combustion shell 32 having an inlet opening on its front wall adjacent the bottom thereof constituted by the ring 2 5-, and a pair of rearwardly located side wall openings communicating with ducts 54 adjacent its lower end as seenin FIG. 1.
  • the ducts 54 in turn communicate with large radiators 58 having duct-connected side wall outlet openings 34.
  • the side wall outlet openings 34 communicate with inlet openings 36 in radiators 40 which are mounted in parallel relationship to the side walls of the combustion shell 32.
  • the radiators 49 in turn have outlet openings 38 communicating with the flue gas collector 26, the-openings 38 being in the edges thereof remote from the side wall inlet openings 36.
  • the heat exchanger can readily be used in both furnaces of the upflow and counter-flow type, by merely placing the blower compartment either below, as shown in FIGURE 1, or above, for a counter-flow furnace unit.
  • the radiators 44 ⁇ can be readily cleaned by removing the flue gas collector 26 from the partition panel 18 thereby exposing the large outlet openings 38.
  • the combustion shell 32 comprises a front wall 42, a rear wall 44 and a pair of side walls 46 and 48 which are seam welded together along their-margins to form a gas tight unit.
  • the ring 24 surrounds a circular opening in the front wall 42 and is likewise welded thereto.
  • Each radiator 40 is constructed similarly to the large radiators 58 and comprises a pair of dished, or cupohaped, sheet metal members 50 and 52 which are seam welded along 7 three peripheral edges to form a gas tight unit.
  • the peripheral walls of the openings 38 for the radiators 49 extend through openings in the partition panel 18 and are rigidly attached thereto 'by welds.
  • the duct, or ring, 24 of the combustion shell 32 is welded to the ring 22 carried by the partition panel 18.
  • the combustion shell, radiators and partition panel constitute an integral subassembly which can be mounted in a suitable furnace casing either above or below the blower compartment and thus can be used interchangeably in counterflow and up-flow furnaces.
  • FIGURE 2 a counter-flow furnace is shown utilizing the combustion shell 32 with both large radiators 58 and small radiators 4 0.
  • the large radiators 58 are connected with the combustion shell 3-2 by ducts 54, and the small radiators are connected to the large radiators by ducts 60.
  • furnaces of different capacities can be manufactured utilizing common parts, namely the combustion shell 32 and either sm all radiators 40 or large radiators 58 alone, or in combination. Irrespective of whether the furnaces are of the up-flow or the counter-flow type, the configuration of the combustion shell and the radiators results in a maximum air wiping action with a minimum pressure drop through the heat exchanger.
  • the exterior heights of the sev eral furnaces of different capacities are the same, and tall the furnaces are readily adapted for add-on air conditioning by inserting cooling coils in the plenum chambers, not ShOWIL' While the embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted.
  • a heat exchanger assembly for a forced air furnace including in combination, a vertical panel having four openings in the upper portion thereof and a single opening in the lower portion thereof, a ring attached to the edge of the lower opening in said panel and extending rearwardly therefrom, a combustion shell comprising a front Wall, a
  • each side wall of said combustion shell having an opening in the lower portion thereof adjacent the rear wall for the egress of hot flue gases therefrom, a first pair of radiators, one radiator being disposed on each side of said combustion shell and having a side wall inlet opening connected to one of said side wall outlet openings of said combustion shell, each radiator having an outlet wall portion in an edge thereof remote from its inlet opening and projecting through one of said openings in the upper portion of said panel, each of said first pair of radiators having a side wall outlet opening in the side wall opposite the inlet opening and remotely located from the outlet wall portion thereof, a second pair of radiators of a different size and capacity than said first pair of radiators and having side wall inlet openings connected with the side wall outlet openings of

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

HEAT EXCHANGER ASSEMBLIES FOR FORCED AIR FURNACES Filed May 11, 1961 G. H. DIEHL Sept. 3, 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Gordon H. Die/ll Fig.
His Attorney Sept. 3, 1963 s. H. DIEHL 3,
HEAT EXCHANGER ASSEMBLIES FOR FORCED AIR FURNACES Filed May 11, 1961 r 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Gordon H Die/ll His Affomey United States Patent 3,102,530 HEAT EXCHAN GER ASSEMBLIES FOR FORCED AllR FURNACES Gordon H. Diehl, Rochester, N.Y., assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich a corporation of Delaware Filed May 11, 1961, Ser. No. 109,388 1 Claim. (Cl. 126-99) This invention pertains to heat exchanger assemblies for forced warm air furnaces, and particularly to heat exchanger assemblies readily adapted for add-on air cooling which offer a minimum resistance to air flow.
One of the principal difficulties with presently designed heat exchanger assemblies used on forced warm air furnaces is the rather substantial resistance to air flow through the unit which seriously impairs the operating efliciency when a cooling coil isplaced in the plenum chamber for summer cooling. It is well recognized that greater volumes of air are required for cooling than for heating, and consequently, it is of utmost importance to minimize the resistance to air flow, or pressure drop, through the heat exchangers in installations designed for year round conditioning of the air.
The present invention relates to heat exchanger assemblies having a minimum resistance to air flow, which heat exchanger assemblies utilize common parts and can be readily fabricated to form units having different heating capacities. Accordingly, among my objects are the provision of an improved heat exchanger assembly which offers a minimum resistance to air flow thereacross; the further provision of a heat exchanger assembly embodying a combustion shell having a substantially airfoil configuration with relatively thin radiators supported by a partition panel to form an integral subassembly; and the still further provision of a heat exchanger assembly including a combustion shell and a plurality of radiators which can be readily combined to form units of different heat capacities.
The aforementioned and other objects are accomplished in the present invention by utilizing a common combustion shell of airfoil vertical cross-section in heating units of different capacities. Specifically, the improved heat exchanger assemblies are designed for use with conventional oil burners and can be used interchangeably in up-fiow or counter-flow arrangements. The combustion shell comprises front and back panels and side walls which are seam welded together to form a unit which is airfoil or tear drop in vertical cross-section so as to offer minimum resistance to air flow thereacross. Each side wall of the combustion shell has an opening for the attachment of a radiator, the radiators being used to increase the area of the heat exchange surface. Each radiator comprises a pair of cup-shaped sheet metal members having seam welded edges, the side walls of which are located generally parallel to the side walls of the combustion shell.
In furnaces of small capacity two small radiators are employed, one on each side of the combustion shell. The largest capacity furnace embodies two large radiators and two small radiators, two one each side of the combustion shell. In a furnace of intermediate capacity two large radiators are emloyed, one on each side of the combustion shell.
The front Wall of the combustion shell has an opening for mounting a conventional gun-type oil burner therein. Each radiator has a flue gas outlet communicating with a flue gas collector likewise located at the front of the unit, the collector being connected to a vertical stack in a conventional manner. The blowers for the units can be located beneath the heat exchanger assembly for an upflow unit and above the heat exchanger assembly in a 3,102,530 Patented Sept. 3, 1963 counter-flow unit. In both embodiments the entire heat exchanger assembly is attached to a partition panel which can be mounted in a furnace casing either above or beneath the blower compartment. The flue gas collector is detachably connected to the partition panel to facilitate easy cleaning of theradiators.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown, and wherein similar numerals denote similar parts throughout the several views.
in the drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a side view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of an up-flow forced warm air furnace embodying a heat exchanger assembly having two large and two small radiators constructed according to the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a schematic view of a counter-flow furnace having two large and two small radiators.
With reference to FIGURE 1, one embodiment of the improved heat exchanger assembly is exemplified in connection with an up-flow oil-fired furnace enclosed by a casing 10 which is divided into a lower blower compartment 12, a heat exchanger compartment 14 and a burner and control compartment 16. The heat exchanger compartment 14 is separated from the burner and control compartment 16 by a partition panel 18 which supports the heat exchanger assembly. A conventional oil burner assembly 29 is suitably attached to the partition panel 18, the blast tube thereof extending through a pair of telescopically arranged metal rings, or annuli, 2,2 and 24. A flue gas collector 26 is detachably connected to the partition panel 18 by a plurality of screw devices 28 along its lower edge, the upper edge being retained between a plurality of hooks 30 and the partition panel 18. The flue gas collector is adapted for communication with a conventional stack, not shown.
In the up-fiow furnace shown in FIGURE l, the upper end of the heat exchanger compartment 14 is open to facilitate connection to a plenum chamber, not shown, when the furnace is installed. The heat exchanger assembly is supported by the partition panel 18 and comprises a combustion shell 32 having an inlet opening on its front wall adjacent the bottom thereof constituted by the ring 2 5-, and a pair of rearwardly located side wall openings communicating with ducts 54 adjacent its lower end as seenin FIG. 1. The ducts 54 in turn communicate with large radiators 58 having duct-connected side wall outlet openings 34. The side wall outlet openings 34 communicate with inlet openings 36 in radiators 40 which are mounted in parallel relationship to the side walls of the combustion shell 32. The radiators 49 in turn have outlet openings 38 communicating with the flue gas collector 26, the-openings 38 being in the edges thereof remote from the side wall inlet openings 36.
It will be appreciated that by supporting the combustion shell and radiators, which together constitute the heat exchanger, on the partition panel 18, the heat exchanger can readily be used in both furnaces of the upflow and counter-flow type, by merely placing the blower compartment either below, as shown in FIGURE 1, or above, for a counter-flow furnace unit. The radiators 44} can be readily cleaned by removing the flue gas collector 26 from the partition panel 18 thereby exposing the large outlet openings 38.
The combustion shell 32 comprises a front wall 42, a rear wall 44 and a pair of side walls 46 and 48 which are seam welded together along their-margins to form a gas tight unit. The ring 24 surrounds a circular opening in the front wall 42 and is likewise welded thereto. Each radiator 40 is constructed similarly to the large radiators 58 and comprises a pair of dished, or cupohaped, sheet metal members 50 and 52 which are seam welded along 7 three peripheral edges to form a gas tight unit. The peripheral walls of the openings 38 for the radiators 49 extend through openings in the partition panel 18 and are rigidly attached thereto 'by welds. Similarly, the duct, or ring, 24 of the combustion shell 32 is welded to the ring 22 carried by the partition panel 18. Thus, the combustion shell, radiators and partition panel constitute an integral subassembly which can be mounted in a suitable furnace casing either above or below the blower compartment and thus can be used interchangeably in counterflow and up-flow furnaces.
In FIGURE 2 a counter-flow furnace is shown utilizing the combustion shell 32 with both large radiators 58 and small radiators 4 0. The large radiators 58 are connected with the combustion shell 3-2 by ducts 54, and the small radiators are connected to the large radiators by ducts 60. Thus, it is apparent that furnaces of different capacities can be manufactured utilizing common parts, namely the combustion shell 32 and either sm all radiators 40 or large radiators 58 alone, or in combination. Irrespective of whether the furnaces are of the up-flow or the counter-flow type, the configuration of the combustion shell and the radiators results in a maximum air wiping action with a minimum pressure drop through the heat exchanger. By utilizing common heat exchanger and panel subassemblies, the exterior heights of the sev eral furnaces of different capacities are the same, and tall the furnaces are readily adapted for add-on air conditioning by inserting cooling coils in the plenum chambers, not ShOWIL' While the embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted.
What is claimed is as follows:
A heat exchanger assembly for a forced air furnace including in combination, a vertical panel having four openings in the upper portion thereof and a single opening in the lower portion thereof, a ring attached to the edge of the lower opening in said panel and extending rearwardly therefrom, a combustion shell comprising a front Wall, a
rear wall and a pair of side Walls secured together, said front wall having an opening with a ring secured to the edge thereof and extending forwardly therefrom for telescopic engagement with the rearwardly extending ring attached to said panel, means securing said rings together to support the combustion shell on said vertical panel, each side wall of said combustion shell having an opening in the lower portion thereof adjacent the rear wall for the egress of hot flue gases therefrom, a first pair of radiators, one radiator being disposed on each side of said combustion shell and having a side wall inlet opening connected to one of said side wall outlet openings of said combustion shell, each radiator having an outlet wall portion in an edge thereof remote from its inlet opening and projecting through one of said openings in the upper portion of said panel, each of said first pair of radiators having a side wall outlet opening in the side wall opposite the inlet opening and remotely located from the outlet wall portion thereof, a second pair of radiators of a different size and capacity than said first pair of radiators and having side wall inlet openings connected with the side wall outlet openings of said first pair of radiators and outlet wall portions in the edges thereof remote from the inlet openings and projecting through openings in the upper portion of said panel, and means securing said first and second pair of radiators to said panel for support thereby.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,089,969 Kuenhold Aug. 17, 1937 2,136,242 Haupt Nov. 8, 1938 2,160,269 lorolemon May 30, 1939 2,220,604 Jepertinger Nov. 5, 1940 2,453,912 Higley Nov. 16, 1948 2,495,673 Erwin Jan. 24, 1950 2,762,612 Druseikis Sept. 11, 1956 2,792,826 killbury May 21, 1957 2,808,047 Jaye et a1. Oct. 1, 1957 2,864,359 Vaughn Dec. 16, 1958 2,916,032 Kitchen Dec. 8, 1959
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661140A (en) * 1970-06-17 1972-05-09 Carrier Corp Gas-fired furnace
US5113844A (en) * 1988-12-12 1992-05-19 Vulcan Australia Limited Heat exchanger
US5178124A (en) * 1991-08-12 1993-01-12 Rheem Manufacturing Company Plastic secondary heat exchanger apparatus for a high efficiency condensing furnace
NL1013537C2 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-11 Holding J H Deckers N V Heat exchanger with at least two juxtaposed members.
WO2009095944A2 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-08-06 Tecnoclima S.P.A. Improved hot air unit heater

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2089969A (en) * 1933-10-07 1937-08-17 Forest City Foundries Company Warm air furnace structure
US2136242A (en) * 1933-07-19 1938-11-08 Littleford Brothers Apparatus for distributing liquids on roads
US2160269A (en) * 1936-02-01 1939-05-30 Gen Motors Corp Air heating and conditioning unit
US2220604A (en) * 1937-10-16 1940-11-05 Synchromatic Air Conditioning Air treating apparatus
US2453912A (en) * 1943-03-20 1948-11-16 Bryant Heater Co Volute type air-heating furnace and blower
US2495673A (en) * 1945-04-09 1950-01-24 Salt Water Control Inc Tritube heating element
US2762612A (en) * 1952-09-30 1956-09-11 Gen Motors Corp Heat exchange structure for air heating furnaces
US2792826A (en) * 1954-03-22 1957-05-21 Paul D Kilbury Forced air wall heater
US2808047A (en) * 1956-05-09 1957-10-01 Syncromatic Corp Gas fired hot air furnace
US2864359A (en) * 1955-10-28 1958-12-16 Suburban Appliance Co Space heater
US2916032A (en) * 1956-10-11 1959-12-08 Lucas Rotax Ltd Air heating apparatus

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2136242A (en) * 1933-07-19 1938-11-08 Littleford Brothers Apparatus for distributing liquids on roads
US2089969A (en) * 1933-10-07 1937-08-17 Forest City Foundries Company Warm air furnace structure
US2160269A (en) * 1936-02-01 1939-05-30 Gen Motors Corp Air heating and conditioning unit
US2220604A (en) * 1937-10-16 1940-11-05 Synchromatic Air Conditioning Air treating apparatus
US2453912A (en) * 1943-03-20 1948-11-16 Bryant Heater Co Volute type air-heating furnace and blower
US2495673A (en) * 1945-04-09 1950-01-24 Salt Water Control Inc Tritube heating element
US2762612A (en) * 1952-09-30 1956-09-11 Gen Motors Corp Heat exchange structure for air heating furnaces
US2792826A (en) * 1954-03-22 1957-05-21 Paul D Kilbury Forced air wall heater
US2864359A (en) * 1955-10-28 1958-12-16 Suburban Appliance Co Space heater
US2808047A (en) * 1956-05-09 1957-10-01 Syncromatic Corp Gas fired hot air furnace
US2916032A (en) * 1956-10-11 1959-12-08 Lucas Rotax Ltd Air heating apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661140A (en) * 1970-06-17 1972-05-09 Carrier Corp Gas-fired furnace
US5113844A (en) * 1988-12-12 1992-05-19 Vulcan Australia Limited Heat exchanger
US5178124A (en) * 1991-08-12 1993-01-12 Rheem Manufacturing Company Plastic secondary heat exchanger apparatus for a high efficiency condensing furnace
NL1013537C2 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-11 Holding J H Deckers N V Heat exchanger with at least two juxtaposed members.
EP1099915A1 (en) * 1999-11-09 2001-05-16 Holding J.H. Deckers N.V. Heat exchanger with at least two juxtaposed sections
WO2009095944A2 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-08-06 Tecnoclima S.P.A. Improved hot air unit heater
WO2009095944A3 (en) * 2008-01-30 2013-03-21 Tecnoclima S.P.A. Improved hot air unit heater

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