US3086414A

US3086414A - Combination wrench

Info

Publication number: US3086414A
Application number: US92564A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nardi Guy
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1961-03-01
Filing date: 1961-03-01
Publication date: 1963-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 1980-04-23

Description

April 23, 1963 G. NARD] 3,086,414

COMBINATION WRENCH Filed March 1, 1961 United States Patent Ofifice 3,086,414 Patented Apr. 23, 1963 3,086,414 COMBINATION WRENCH Guy Nardi, 496' Main St, Hanson, Mass. Filed Mar. 1, 1961, Ser. No. 92,564 2 Claims. (Cl. 81-90) The present invention relates to a combination wrench.

The invention is herein disclosed as embodied in a socket type wrench consisting of a cylindrical stem, the free end of which has formed therein an axial bore of a diameter sufficient to provide clearance for the screw to which the nut is to be threaded, and a plurality of cut away portions, together with an arrangement of internal contact surfaces and walls which will adapt the wrench for locking engagement with nuts of all standard types which may be applied to the particular screw.

It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a simple and eilective construction of a se-called socket type wrench which will readily adapt the wrench for use with all of the standard type nuts which may be interchangeably used with a screw of a given diameter and pitch including square nuts, hexagonal nuts, wing nuts, and four pronged wing-type nuts.

With the above and other objects in view as may hereinafter appear the several features of the invention will be readily understood by one skilled in the art from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of a combination wrench embodying therein the several features of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the nut engaging end of the combination wrench;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on a line 3-3- of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on a line 4-4 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on a line 5-5 of FIG. 3, the wrench being shown in engagement with a hexagonal nut;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on a line 6-6 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the combination wrench taken similar to that of FIG. 6, but with a square nut engaged by the wrench;

FIG. 8 is a perspective. view of a four-pronged wingtype nut;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a wing nut;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the combination wrench taken on the line 1010 of FIG. 3, and with the four pronged nut of FIG. 8 engaged by the wrench; and

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken on a line 11 of FIG. 10.

The combination wrench shown in the drawings as embodying in a preferred form the several features of the invention comp-rises a stem 20 having an enlarged nut engaging head 22, and at the opposite end a squared portion 24 for attachment to a suitable socket wrench handle (not shown).

The tool is formed with an axial bore 26 of sufiicient diameter to provide clearance for the threaded end of the screw 27 (see FIGS. 5 and 10) to which the nut or nuts are applied, and of :suflicient depth to permit the turning down of a nut to any desired depth on the screw. The standard toilet seat hinge fixture for which the tool has been found most useful is normally provided with a screw of standard pitch which may be roughly 2%" in length. The bore 26 is preferably 2 /2 inches in length and has a diameter of approximately $1 to provide the clearance referred to.

The nut engaging head 22 of the wrench is formed with four radial slots 28 which connect with the central bore 26 and are of substantial length to receive the prongs of the four prong type nut 29 (FIGS. 10 and 11) as hereinafter more fully pointed out. The inner faces of the four projections provided by the slotting operation are slabbed off to provide the four sides 32 of a socket for a square nut 34 as shown in FIG. 7. Each side 32 is further formed with a notch 36, said notches providing with the surfaces 32 a socket well adapted to receive a hexagonal nut 38 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The socket chamber provided by the surfaces 32 is further formed at its bottom end with a transverse ledge 40 which provides a seat for each of the square nut 34 and the hexagonal nut 38 above described. The ledge 40 is formed preferably by means of an initial large size bore having a diameter substantially equal to the distance between opposite sides 32 of the socket, and extending downwardly approximately the thickness of said square nut 34 to form the ledge 49. From an inspection of the drawings it will be seen that the slots 28 extend a substantial distance below the ledge 40 correspondingly increasing the length of the slots 28.

The socket provided by side walls 32 and ledge 40 is also made available by virtue of the downwardly extending slots 28 for engaging and turning up wing nuts 44, and more specifically, a four-pronged nut 29 of the general type shown in FIGS. 8, 10 and 11 in which the prongs 48 extend upwardly a substantial distance from the base portion 50 of the nut.

The wrench is engaged with -a wing nut in the following manner. The outer rim 52 of the nut is engaged against the end of the wrench. The upwardly extending base portion 53 of the nut projects into the socket provided by the four side walls 32 and may test against the ledge 40. The wing portions '56 of the nut 44 project into the lower portions of the slots 28. The nut is securely keyed to the wrench by the engagement of the wing portions 56 in said slots. In the event that a wing nut not having the outer rim 52 is used the nut will rest against the ledge 40, the wing portions 56 extending outwardly and downwardly into the lower portions of the opposed slots 28.

The wrench is engaged with the four-pronged nut 29 in a manner shown specifically in FIGS. 10 and 11. The bottom flange 58 of the nut is engaged against the end of the wrench. The upwardly extending base portion 60 of the nut projects into the socket provided by the side walls 32 and may rest against ledge 40. Each of the four prongs 48 is engaged in one of the four slots 28 projecting beyond the level of the ledge 40. With this arrangement the nut 29 is firmly keyed to the wrench by the arrangement of the prongs 48 in their respective slots 30.

It may be noted in connection with the construction of the internal surfaces of the socket wrench above described, that a bore 64 of an intermediate diameter somewhat larger than the diameter of the bore 26 is formed within the head 22 which extends downwardly through the socket to the same extent as each of the slots 30, thus providing an aperture of somewhat larger diameter than is provided by the central bore .26, but not suflicient to weaken or unduly narrow the-ledge 40. This enlarged diameter has the advantage that it is made somewhat easier to engage the wrench over the end of the screw 27 especially under conditions where the operators vision may be impeded. This somewhat larger diameter 64 also has the advantage that it will accommodate nuts which might be encountered having an unusually long tapered body portion, as for example, a castle nut. This enlarged diameter bore 64 is also of advantage to accommodate a common type of wing nut of which the upper surface of the hub is rounded or tapered. This rounded surface -wi1l fit readily into the space provided by the enlarged bore 64.

The invention having been described what is claimed is:

1. A combination wrench for accommodating interchangeably square nuts, hexagonal nuts, wing nuts and prong nuts having a common internal thread diameter, said wrench comprising a stern having a central bore of slightly larger diameter and of greater length than the diameter of the screw fitting said common internal nut thread diameter, said stem having four equally spaced radial slots extending longitudinally from the open end of the bore forming peripheral segments of said stem having parallel separating faces, said segments having flat inner surfaces and a ledge at the lower end of said surfaces to form a square nut socket into which a square nut is (fitted so that said inner surfaces engage the four sides of said square nut, the central portion of each said flat inner surface having a longitudinal groove opening at 120 to receive corners of hexagonal nuts fitted into said wrench so that two opposed said inner surfaces will engage two opposed sides of a hexagonal nut and the longitudinal grooves of the remaining opposed inner surfaces will receive the two cross-diagonally located corners of said hexagonal nut, and said slots extending longitudinally of the stern substantially beyond said ledge to receive between said parallel faces the wings of wing nuts and the prongs of four prong nuts.

2. A combination wrench according to claim 1 in which the stem is provided with a central bore of which the diameter of the cylindrical inner surface of said bore between said ledge and the ends of said radial slots is greater than the diameter of the remaining portion of said bore.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 499,863 Walker et al June 20, 1893 1,397,876 Meldal Nov. 22, 1921 1,867,372 McGuckin July 12, 1932 2,445,905 Busby July 27, 1948 2,909,090 Moore Oct. 20, 1959

Claims

1. A COMBINATION WRENCH FOR ACCOMMODATING INTERCHANGEABLY SQUARE NUTS, HEXAGONAL NUTS, WING NUTS AND PRONG NUTS HAVING A COMMON INTERNAL THREAD DIAMETER, SAID WRENCH COMPRISING A STEM HAVING A CENTRAL BORE OF SLIGHTLY LARGER DIAMETER AND OF GREATER LENGTH THAN THE DIAMETER OF THE SCREW FITTING SAID COMMON INTERNAL NUT THREAD DIAMETER, SAID STEM HAVING FOUR EQUALLY SPACED RADIAL SLOTS EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY FROM THE OPEN END OF THE BORE FORMING PERIPHERAL SEGMENTS OF SAID STEM HAVING PARALLEL SEPARATING FACES, SAID SEGMENTS HAVING FLAT INNER SURFACES AND A LEDGE AT THE LOWER END OF SAID SURFACES TO FORM A SQUARE NUT SOCKET INTO WHICH A SQUARE NUT IS FITTED SO THAT SAID INNER SURFACES ENGAGE THE FOUR SIDES OF SAID SQUARE NUT, THE CENTRAL PORTION OF EACH SAID FLAT INNER SURFACE HAVING A LONGITUDINAL GROOVE OPENING AT 120* TO RECEIVE CORNERS OF HEXAGONAL NUTS FITTED INTO SAID WRENCH SO THAT TWO OPPOSED SAID INNER SURFACES WILL ENGAGE TWO OPPOSED SIDES OF A HEXAGONAL NUT AND THE LONGITUDINAL GROOVES OF THE REMAINING OPPOSED INNER SURFACES WILL RECEIVE THE TWO CROSS-DIAGONALLY LOCATED CORNERS OF SAID HEXAGONAL NUT, AND SAID SLOTS EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY OF THE STEM SUBSTANTIALLY BEYOND SAID LEDGE TO RECEIVE BETWEEN SAID PARALLEL FACES THE WINGS OF WING NUTS AND THE PRONGS OF FOUR PRONG NUTS.