Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
  • C10L1/206—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/209—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds halogenated waxes or paraffines

Definitions

• This invention relates to petroleum fuel oil compositions which contain a substantial proportion of residual fuel oil.
• This type of fuel oil may be prepared from a residue obtained from a waxy crude and it is usually necessary to dilute the residue with a gas oil in order to produce a fuel oil whose viscosity is adjusted to specification.
• Such fuel oils may contain both waxy materials I and asphaltenes and their pour points are often too high to permit storage and easy pumping at low temperatures.
• a fuel oil composition consists essentially of a small proportion of an additive dissolved in a base oil, the additive being a chlorinated mineral wax which preferably contains 260% e.g. 4- by weight of chlorine, and the base oil being a petroleum fuel oil which contains at least a substantial proportion of a distillation residue.
• a suitable chlorinated mineral wax is a chlorinated microcrystalline wax.
• a microcrystalline wax is a petroleum wax obtained by dewaxing a vacuum residue to produce a petroleum lubricating oil known as a bright stock. As first separated the microcrystalline Wax contains a large e.g. 20% by weight, proportion of oil; this wax will hereinafter be called a bright stock slack Wax. The proportion of oil may be reduced by recrystallising the bright stock slack wax from a solvent; this recrystallised wax will hereinafter be called a single-stage, solvent-recrystallised, bright stock slack wax.
• Both a bright stock slack wax and a single-stage solvent-recrystallised bright stock slack wax may be chlorinated and used to prepare residual fuel oil compositions according to this invention.
• Other mineral waxes e.g. those obtained from shale oils, may be used to prepare residual fuel oils according to the invention.
• the chlorinated wax is one prepared by reacting a mineral wax with elemental chlorine while the reaction mixture is irradiated with ultra violet light.
• the fuel oil composition according to the in vention contains 0.05-l%, e.g. about 0.1-0.-3% by weight of the additive.
• Residual petroleum fuel oils usually contain about 20- 80% by weight of the distillation residue which may be either a vacuum residue or an atmospheric residue and mixtures of both types of residue are sometimes used. It is also possible to include most petroleum hydrocarbon materials, e.g. residues from cracking and reforming processes, provided that the final blend has a viscosity and flash point according to specification. Often the blend contains only distillation residues and gas oil, the precise blend depending on the crude, processing details etc., but common blends are (a) about 50% (e.g., in the range of 40. 60%) by weight of vacuum residue and about 50% by weight of gas oil and (b) about 70% (e.g., in the range of 6080%) by weight of atmospheric residue and about 30% by weight of gas oil. All these residual fuel oils give satisfactory pour points where used as the base oil in compositions according to the invention.
• compositions according to the invention will now be described by way of example. All these compositions were blended from chlorinated waxes prepared from the same mineral wax.
• This mineral wax was a single-stage solvent-recrystallised bright stock slack wax obtained from a Middle East crude; its properties were:
• the base oil was a mixture of 53% by weight of a Saharan vacuum residue and 47% by weight of a Middle East gas oil.
• the base oil had the following properties:
• a fuel oil composition which consists essentially of a small proportion of an additive dissolved in a base oil in an amount sufiicient to depress the pour point of said base oil, the additive being a chlorinated mineral wax and the base oil being a petroleum fuel oil which contains at least a substantial proportion of a distillation residue.
• chlorinated wax is one obtained by chlorinating a microcrystalline petroleum wax.
• microcrystalline wax is a single-stage, solvent-recrystalline bright stock slack wax.
• a fuel oil composition according to claim 1 which contains 0.05-1% by weight of additive.
• a fuel oil composition according to claim 8 which contains 01-03% by Weight of the additive.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8736656

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (3)

Citations (3)

• 1960
  • 1960-08-01 FR FR834653A patent/FR1271686A/fr not_active Expired
• 1961
  • 1961-07-07 GB GB24627/61A patent/GB924236A/en not_active Expired
  • 1961-07-25 US US126503A patent/US3085868A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1961-07-29 DE DEB63454A patent/DE1132279B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

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