Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
  • D06M13/127—Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/325—Amines
  • D06M13/332—Di- or polyamines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
  • D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
  • F24B7/005—Flue-gas ducts

Definitions

• This invention relates to the production of a drip-dry finish on woven fabrics of regenerated cellulose.
• a process for the production of a drip-dry finish which is fast to washing, on fabrics of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabrics in the absence of a catalyst, in an aqueous solution of ethylenediamine of 70 to 90% by Weight strength, allowing the ethylenediarnine to remain in contact with the fabric for 3 to- 30 minutes, removing the ethylenediamine and drying the fabric during or after the removal of the ethylenediamine.
• the amount of these synthetic resins applied to the fibre must be so large that, on the one hand, the cost of the treated fabric is increased substantially and, on the other hand, the treated fabric becomes stiff, which in turn impairs certain mechanical properties of the fibre, particusaid shortcomings.
• the treatment according to the invention does not impair, but rather improves, the mechanical properties; no chlorine retention occurs, and the dripdry finish produced on the fabric is enhanced, not reduced, by successive washes.
• the present invention differs from those known processes in which a genuine chemical reaction between the amine and the cellulose takes place so that nitrogenous substitution products of cellulose are formed.
• Processes of this type generally require high temperatures and pressures and aim as a rule at an animalisation of the fibre to increase its affinity for acid dyestuffs. Since the regenerated cellulose treated by the present process does not contain any nitrogen, the aforementioned processes do not come within the scope of the present invention,
• British patent specification No. 479,341 described a process for treating regenerated cellulose with amines, for example with an ethylene diamine solution of 55-65% strength, the swelling action of which improves the affinity of the fibre for cotton dyestuffs. According to that publication the treatment is performed during or immediately prior to the dyeing process, in either case without intermediate drying.
• the process of British patent specification No. 479,341 is particularly suitable for treating regenerated cellulose manufactured by hydrolysing a cellulose ester, for example acetyl-cellulose. It is known that such products have a very low dyestufi aifinity, while cellulose regenerated by the viscose or cuprammonium processes has so high an affinity that it is unnecessary or even undesirable to increase it any further.
• British patent specification No. 683,203 it is proposed to impregnate cord filaments of regenerated cellu' lose with a primary amine to improve their heat stability.
• British patent specification No. 750,088 describes a process for reducing the water absorption of regenerated cellulose, wherein vapours of alkylamines, hydrazine hydrate or ammonia gas are caused to act upon the moist fibre, advantageously under a pressure of 1. to 5 atmospheres (gauge).
• None of the aforementioned processes involves the essential features of the present invention which are that the material treated must be regenerated cellulose material (not cotton), the treatment agent must necessarily be ethylenediamine and not any other alkylene diamine, the fabric must be immersed in the solution, the solution must contain 6590% by weight of ethylenediamine, and after the treatment the ethylenediamine must be removed and the fabric dried during or after such removal. Applicants have found that only by adherence to these condi- 'tions is the characteristic finish imparted to the fabric.
• the present invention is based on the observation that fabrics of regenerated cellulose undergo a peculiar change on being immersed merely in a solution of ethylenediamine of a suitable concentration by becoming strikingly soft, supple and slack.
• the change produced is particularly surprising. Even more surprising is, however, the fact that this change (provided the fabric is immersed for an adequate length of time) persists fully even after removing the ethylene diamine and washing and drying the fabric, although on being analysed the cellulose does not reveal any change having taken place in it.
• the soft handle persists and in addition it is observed that any creasing that has occurred in wetting or during washing substantially disappears again in the following drying operation.
• the concentration of the aqueous ethylenediamine solution plays a special role. It has been observed that any concentration above or below the limit range of 70% to 90% is capable of rapidly impairing the effect achievable by the present process.
• a simple way of performing the treatment with the ethylene diamine consists, for example, in immersing the dry and desized fabric in the ethylene diamine solution, then expressing the fabric in any desired manner, for example between two rolls, washing the ethylene diamine out of it with water, if necessary neutralising the fabric with acetic acid, and finally drying it.
• the fabric is immersed in the ethylenediamine solution for a short time only, the excess liquor is expressed, and the impregnated fabric is maintained for a specific time with the ethylenediamine present on it; during this operation it must be ensured that the heat released by the exothermic reaction does not reach the fabric.
• the fabric is then washed free from et-hylenediamine, if necessary neutralised, and finally dried.
• the fabric is immersed in the ethylene diamine solution, expressed, and then continuously passed over rolls through a closed chamber in which the bulk of the ethylenediamine remaining in the fabric is evaporated at an elevated temperature; the ethylene diamine can be recovered in a simple manner, and the reaction heat is compensated by the cold resulting from the evaporation of the ethylene diamine.
• the fabric is then washed free from ethylenediamine and finally dried.
• a fabric treated with ethylenediarnine by the present process after having been washed and drip-dried, displays an anti-crease resistance in the wet state or a degree of recovery respectively which, as determined by the Monsanto method and by the method described in SVF suorgan fur Textilveredlung, volume 13 (1958), pages 247257 by Dr. B. S. Marek, Uber die Beurannon des Wash-and-Wear Purs von Geweben für Knitter- 'ordinate, corresponds to create pattern value 4 to 5, the value 5 in both methods being defined as the possible optimum.
• Somewhat more difiicuit is the determination of the effect which the ethylenediamine treatment has on the dimensional stability. It has been observed that dimensional stability is influenced, on one hand, by the temperature prevailing during the ethylenediamine treatment, washing and drying and, on the other hand, primarily by the fact of whether the fabric is under tension or not during the treatment with ethylenediamine or during the washing or drying. e difference is most noticeable with fabrics dried with and without tension respectively: when a fabric dried in stentered state is subsequently wetted or washed, it undergoes shrinking, while the fabric dried in the loose state undergoes elongation.
• regenerated cellulose fabric treated with ethylenediamine in the manner described above is subjected to an after treatment to improve the afore-said properties, the after treatment being selected from the following: treatment with formaldehyde, compressive mechanical shrinking, or incorporation -or application of resins (if desired by condensation on the fabric).
• an after treatment being selected from the following: treatment with formaldehyde, compressive mechanical shrinking, or incorporation -or application of resins (if desired by condensation on the fabric).
• Example I This example shows the effect of the ethylenediamine treatment, performed by itself or in combination with a subsequent compressive shrinking operation, on the recovery from creasing, the mechanical strength and the swelling.
• the fabric used in this example was a calico fabric (linen weave) weighing 136 grams per sq. m., consisting of 31 filaments of Ne 40/1 per cm. in the warp and 37 filaments of Ne 40/1 per cm. in the weft and produced from viscose fibres of 7.5 deniers having a staple length of 38 mm.; the fabric was immersed for 5 minutes at room temperature in a commercial aqueous solution of ethylenediamine of 86.5% strength and then expressed to a weight increase of 100%, washed for 15 minutes with water at 1 C.
• the fabric was in the loose state during the whole treatment.
• the dry fabric was moistened, heated, subjected to a known mechanical compressive shrinking process on a mechanical compressing machine set to a nominal compression rate of 2, 4 and 6% respectively, and then conditioned.
• Abrasion resistance Number of cycles in the warp direction, determined with the Stollflex apparatus described in Text. Res. Journal 19 (1949'), page 394.
• Shrinkage Determined after washing at C., drying, sprinkling to a weight increase of' and ironing (iron set for rayon).
• a crease pattern value of 3 to 4 for a (drip-dried) calico fabric of viscose fibres corresponds to a dressing with about 10% of a urea-formaldehyde or melamineformaldehyde condensation resin, but when such a dressing is applied the abrasion resistance of the treated fabric is much inferior to that of an untreated fabric.
• the abrasion resistance of a fabric treated by the present process is in fact improved, and when the fabric is dripdried, its crease pattern value is better than that which can be achieved by treatment with a resin.
• the shrinking tendency can be reduced to a degree satisfying all demands by suitably setting the degree of mechanical shrinking.
• Example 11 This example illustrates the effect of tension applied during the treatment with ethylenediamine solution:
• Example III This example illustrates the change produced by the treatment with ethylenediamine on regenerated cellulose fibres of different nature.
• a taffeta fabric (weave as described in Example '11) produced from conventional viscose staple fibres and Polynosic fibres was desized, dried, conditioned and then immersed for 30 seconds in an aqueous ethylenediamine solution of 78% by weight strength, expressed on a laboratoryty-pe padder to a weight increase of 100%, fixed to a stente-r and together with it stored at 20 C. in a sealed bag of polyethylene foil.
• the specimens were taken off the stenter and washed free from ethylenediamine, in the loose state, with tap water at The specimens were expressed to a weight increase of 80%, dried for 1 hour at 60 C. on a stenter, and then subjected to a two-stage condensation process (for minutes at 105 C. and then for 5 minutes at 160 C.). To remove the catalyst, the specimens were then washed at 40 C. and dried in stentered state at 60 C.
• Example I This example illustrates a combination of the treatments with ethylenediamine, latex and resin.
• Desized lengths of the viscose taffeta fabric used in Example ⁇ I were padded with an immersion time of 30 sections with an ethylenediamine solution of 78% strength at C., kept for 29.5 minutes on a stenter in a ventilated drying cabinet at 100 C., then washed with cold water in the loose state, acidulated and then, without intermediate drying, impregnated with a polyacrylic ester latex containing free carboxyl groups (concentration 100 grams per litre, calculated as the dry content) in combination with 60 grams per litre of a reactant resin of the type of the cyclic ethylene ureas (commercial product Resloom E50).
• the dressed specimens were dried on stenters at 60 C. and then subjected to a two-stage condensation (for 15 minutes at 105 C. and then for 5 minutes at 150 C.).
• a like treatment was applied to specimens of the fabric treated with ethylene diamine but not with the resin and the latex.
• the textile treating produced the following results: While the specimens treated only with ethylenediamine, then washed and dried on a stenter, on subsequent washing at 60 C. shrunk in the warp direction by about 11% and in the weft direction by 3%, the specimens which had been additionally treated with the relatively very small amount of resin displayed a satisfactory dimensional stability: after one wash the shrinkage in the warp and weft directions was 1.1% and 1.2% and after 10 washes 2.0 and 1.5 respectively.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at 0 to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diarnine of 70 to strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, allowing aqueous solution of ethylene diamine to remain in contact with the fabric for 3 to 30 minutes, removing the ethylene diamine from the fabric by washing with water and then drying the fabric.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at 0 to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 70 to 90% strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene di amine from the fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric which is not less than based on the weight of the initial fabric to remain in contact with the fabric for a time suflicient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diamine and drying the fabric.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at 0 to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 70 to 90% strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution after a lapse of 0.5 to 5 minutes and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene diamine from the fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric which is not less than 100% based on the weight of the initial fabric to remain in contact with the fabric for a time sufficient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diarnine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diarnine and drying the fabric.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a Woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at 0 to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diarnine of 70 to 90% strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene diamine from the fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric to remain in contact with the fabric which is not less than 1% based on the weight of the initial fabric for a time sufficient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diamine, drying the fabric and subjecting it to compressive shrinkage to improve its dimensional stability.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at O to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 70 to 90% strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene diamine from the fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric which is not less than 106% based on the weight of the initial fabric to remain in contact with the fabric for a time sufficient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diamine, impregnating the fabric with formaldehyde, drying the fabric and condensing the formaldehyde on the fabric, again washing with water and drying, whereby swelling in water is reduced and the dry crease resistance and dimensional stability
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip-dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 70 to 90% strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene di mine from the fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric which is not less than 100% based on the weight of the initial fabric to remain in contact with the fabric for a time sufficient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diamine, impregnating the fabric with a precondensate of a thermosetting amine-formaldehyde resin, drying the fabric and condensing the precondensate on the fabric.
• a process for improving the wet crease resistance and for producing a drip'dry finish on a woven fabric of regenerated cellulose which comprises immersing the fabric at 0 to 20 C., in the absence of any catalyst, in an amount of an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of to strength by weight in excess of that which the fabric can take up, removing the fabric from said solution after a lapse of 0.5 to 5 minutes and expressing excess aqueous solution of ethylene diamine from the fabric which is to a weight increase of the fabric not less than based on the weight of the initial fabric, allowing the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine adherent to the fabric to remain in contact with the fabric for a time sufficient to give a total time of contact between the fabric and the aqueous solution of ethylene diamine of 3 to 30 minutes, washing the fabric with water to remove ethylene diamine and drying the fabric.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ID=26240157

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (3)

Citations (3)

• 0
  • NL NL248375D patent/NL248375A/xx unknown
  • BE BE587811D patent/BE587811A/xx unknown
• 1936
  • 1936-01-29 CH CH187960D patent/CH187960A/de unknown
• 1959
  • 1959-02-19 GB GB5796/59A patent/GB892128A/en not_active Expired
• 1960
  • 1960-02-11 US US7993A patent/US3081513A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1960-02-19 CH CH187960A patent/CH362396A/de unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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