US3073762A - Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys - Google Patents
Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3073762A US3073762A US50881A US5088160A US3073762A US 3073762 A US3073762 A US 3073762A US 50881 A US50881 A US 50881A US 5088160 A US5088160 A US 5088160A US 3073762 A US3073762 A US 3073762A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- solution
- grams per
- per liter
- electrodeposition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- SIBIBHIFKSKVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynecobalt Chemical group [Co]#P SIBIBHIFKSKVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 5'-adenylyl sulfate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- -1 hypophosphite ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-L L-tartrate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001156002 Anthonomus pomorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
- H01F41/24—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates from liquids
- H01F41/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates from liquids using electric currents, e.g. electroplating
Definitions
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electroplating bath for electrodepositing cobalt-phosphorus alloys from an ammoniacal solution.
- an electroplating bath which produces magnetic coatings suitable for magnetic storage having coercitivities between 500 and 750 oersteds.
- the bath consists essentially of the following constituents within the ranges indicated:
- cobalt-phosphorus films are electrodeposited at a current density between 25 and 125 amps. per sq. ft. onto brass substrates.
- films having the following properties are achieved: coercive forces, 500-750 oersteds, remanence, B above 2000 gauss and squareness ratio, B /B between 0.7-0.8.
- the substrates are agitated at about 300 r.p.m. and the films are deposited fora period of ten minutes to give it a deposite of about 0.1 to 0.5 mils thick.
- the products are mirror bright, shiny and strong.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,073,762 ELECTRODEPOSITION 0F COBALT PHOSPHORUS ALLOYS Herman Koretzky, Yorktown Heights, N.Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New
York, N.Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Filed Aug. 22, 1960, Ser. No. 50,881 5 Claims. (Cl. 204-43) This invention relates to the electrodeposition of hard magnetic coatings and more particularly to the electrodeposition of alloys of cobalt and phosphorus from an ammoniacal bath.
An object of the present invention is to provide an electroplating bath for electrodepositing cobalt-phosphorus alloys from an ammoniacal solution.
A specific object of the instant invention is to provide an electroplating bath for depositing magnetic coatings having coercive forces between 500 and 750 oersteds.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention.
In accordance with the present invention, an electroplating bath is provided which produces magnetic coatings suitable for magnetic storage having coercitivities between 500 and 750 oersteds. The bath consists essentially of the following constituents within the ranges indicated:
In a typical run, cobalt-phosphorus films are electrodeposited at a current density between 25 and 125 amps. per sq. ft. onto brass substrates. As measured in a 60 cycle B-H loop tester with a drive field of 1000 oresteds, films having the following properties are achieved: coercive forces, 500-750 oersteds, remanence, B above 2000 gauss and squareness ratio, B /B between 0.7-0.8.
During the plating, the substrates are agitated at about 300 r.p.m. and the films are deposited fora period of ten minutes to give it a deposite of about 0.1 to 0.5 mils thick. The products are mirror bright, shiny and strong.
As the art will appreciate the purpose for the ammonium chloride in the bath is to increase the conduc- "ice tivity of the bath and accordingly, other conductive salts such as KCl and NaCl may be used in place of ammonium chloride. Similarly, complexing agents for cobalt ion other than the tartrate, such as the citrate, perform in a satisfactory manner.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is: i
l. A method of electroplating magnetic coatings of cobalt-phosphorus alloys on a substrate which comprises subjecting said substrate to electrolytic action in a plating bath having a pH about 7.0-9.0 containing cobalt ions in the range 4.95-7.45 grams per liter of solution and hypophosphite ions in the range 30.66-61.32 grams per liter of solution at a current density between 25-125 amps. per sq. ft. to produce thereby a magnetic coating having a coercive force at least 500 oersteds, a remanence, 3,, above 2000 gauss and a squareness ratio, B /B between 0.7-0.8.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the plating bath temperature is maintained between -80 C.
*3. The method according to claim 1 wherein there is present from 15.4-102 grams per liter of solution of a tartrate ion as a complexing agent.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein there is present from 20-200 grams per liter of solution ammonium chloride as a conductivity salt.
5. The method of electrodepositing magnetic coatings of cobalt-phosphorus alloys on a substrate which comprises subjecting said substrate to electrolytic action in a plating bath having a pH of about 7.5 containing 4.95 grams per liter of cobalt ions, 36.8 grams per liter of solution of hypophosphite ions, 92.1 grams per liter of solution of tartrate ions and 50 grams per liter of solution of ammonium chloride at a current density between 25-125 amps per sq. ft. said bath being maintained at a temperature of about C. to produce thereby a magnetic coating having a coercive force at least 500 oersteds, a remanence, B above 2000 gauss and a squareness ratio, B /B between 07-08.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,393,516 Burns Jan. 22, 1946 2,532,284 Brenner Dec. 5, 1950 2,643,221 Brenner et al June 23, 1953 2,739,107 Ricks Mar. 20, 1956
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF ELECTROPLATING MAGNETIC COATINGS OF COBALT-PHOSPHORUS ALLOYS ON A SUBSTRATE WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID SUBSTRATE TO ELECTROLYTIC ACTION IN A PLATING BATH HAVING A PH ABOUT 7.0-9.0 CONTAINING COBALT IONS IN THE RANGE 4.95-7.45 GRAMS PER LITER OF SOLUTION AND HYPOPHOSPHITE IONS IN THE RANGE 30.66-61.32 GRAMS PER LITER OF SOLUTION AT A CURRENT DENSITY BETWEEN 25-125 AMPS. PER SQ. FT. TO PRODUCE THEREBY A MAGNETIC COATING HAVING A COERCIVE FORCE AT LEAST 5000 OERSTEDS, A REMANENCE, BR, ABOVE 2000 GAUSS AND A SQUARENESS RATIO, BR/BS BETWEEN 0.7-0.8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50881A US3073762A (en) | 1960-08-22 | 1960-08-22 | Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys |
| GB30091/61A GB974429A (en) | 1960-08-22 | 1961-08-21 | Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50881A US3073762A (en) | 1960-08-22 | 1960-08-22 | Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3073762A true US3073762A (en) | 1963-01-15 |
Family
ID=21968061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50881A Expired - Lifetime US3073762A (en) | 1960-08-22 | 1960-08-22 | Electrodeposition of cobalt phosphorus alloys |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3073762A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB974429A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3152974A (en) * | 1962-07-18 | 1964-10-13 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Electroplating magnetic cobalt alloys |
| US4086149A (en) * | 1976-08-04 | 1978-04-25 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Cathode electrocatalyst |
| EP0130468A2 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Protective coatings for conductors to prevent mechanical and electronic failures particularly during heat-treatment of their supporting structures |
| US20070084731A1 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2007-04-19 | Ware Michael H | Process for plating a metal object with a wear-resistant coating and method of coating |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2393516A (en) * | 1943-08-19 | 1946-01-22 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company | Process for electroplating |
| US2532284A (en) * | 1947-05-05 | 1950-12-05 | Brenner Abner | Cobalt plating by chemical reduction |
| US2643221A (en) * | 1950-11-30 | 1953-06-23 | Us Army | Electrodeposition of phosphorusnickel and phosphorus-cobalt alloys |
| US2739107A (en) * | 1952-07-26 | 1956-03-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Applying protective metal coatings on refractory metals |
-
1960
- 1960-08-22 US US50881A patent/US3073762A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1961
- 1961-08-21 GB GB30091/61A patent/GB974429A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2393516A (en) * | 1943-08-19 | 1946-01-22 | Indiana Steel & Wire Company | Process for electroplating |
| US2532284A (en) * | 1947-05-05 | 1950-12-05 | Brenner Abner | Cobalt plating by chemical reduction |
| US2643221A (en) * | 1950-11-30 | 1953-06-23 | Us Army | Electrodeposition of phosphorusnickel and phosphorus-cobalt alloys |
| US2739107A (en) * | 1952-07-26 | 1956-03-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Applying protective metal coatings on refractory metals |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3152974A (en) * | 1962-07-18 | 1964-10-13 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Electroplating magnetic cobalt alloys |
| US4086149A (en) * | 1976-08-04 | 1978-04-25 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Cathode electrocatalyst |
| EP0130468A2 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Protective coatings for conductors to prevent mechanical and electronic failures particularly during heat-treatment of their supporting structures |
| EP0130468A3 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1987-06-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Protective coatings for conductors to prevent mechanical and electronic failures particularly during heat-treatment of their supporting structures |
| US20070084731A1 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2007-04-19 | Ware Michael H | Process for plating a metal object with a wear-resistant coating and method of coating |
| US8404097B2 (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2013-03-26 | The Boeing Company | Process for plating a metal object with a wear-resistant coating and method of coating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB974429A (en) | 1964-11-04 |
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