US3073411A - Acoustical apparatus - Google Patents

Acoustical apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3073411A
US3073411A US849627A US84962759A US3073411A US 3073411 A US3073411 A US 3073411A US 849627 A US849627 A US 849627A US 84962759 A US84962759 A US 84962759A US 3073411 A US3073411 A US 3073411A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
protuberances
sheet
acoustical
loudspeaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US849627A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John C Bleazey
Preston John
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL257376D priority Critical patent/NL257376A/xx
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US849627A priority patent/US3073411A/en
Priority to GB33210/60A priority patent/GB897621A/en
Priority to CH1167060A priority patent/CH402075A/de
Priority to FR841484A priority patent/FR1272683A/fr
Priority to ES0262057A priority patent/ES262057A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3073411A publication Critical patent/US3073411A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/14—Non-planar diaphragms or cones corrugated, pleated or ribbed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to acoustical apparatus, and more particularly to acoustical diaphragms suitable for use in loudspeakers and microphones.
  • the present invention is especially suitable for providing an acoustical diaphgram of miniature size.
  • Miniature acoustical diaphragms are necessary for smaller loudspeakers used in miniature or personal radio receivers, some of which are no larger than a conventional pack of cigarettes.
  • Miniature loudspeakers have been constructed from conventional component parts which are reduced in size. Such reduction in size often results in a proportional reduction in efliciency and performance. In loudspeakers for personal radio receivers, such loss in efficiency and performance resulting from loudspeakers miniaturization is undesirable, since the output power from the radio receiver circuits is ordinarily less than from circuits of conventional size.
  • an acoustical diaphragm provided in accordance with the present invention may be a relatively thin, flexible sheet having a multitude of protuberances thereon.
  • These protuberances in one form, may be spher- 3,073,411 Patented Jan. 15, 1963 ical surfaces extending from the sheet.
  • the protuberances are arranged adjoining each other to define lines of random curvature iherebetween.
  • the protuberances impart stilfening to the sheet without defining lines or circles which establish nodes of vibration on the diaphragm when it is operated in a sound transducer. More particularly, the protuberances may be arranged in adjoining rows in unsymmetrical arrangement with respect to any line across the sheet.
  • FIG. 1 is a central, sectional view of a loudspeaker provided with one form of diaphragm according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the loudspeaker of FIG. 1.
  • a loudspeaker having a magnetic structure 10 and an acoustical diaphragm 12 constructed in accordance with the present invention. While a loudspeaker is illustrated herein, it will be appreciated that the diaphragm provided by the invention may be used in a microphone or other acoustical apparatus which requires a vibratile element.
  • the loudspeaker is shown on an enlarged scale in the drawing. For example, the illustrated loudspeaker may be approximately 1% inches in overall diameter and inch in thickness.
  • the magnetic structure includes a permanent ring magnet 14.
  • the permanent magnet 14 may be any grain oriented magnet commercially available and providing a high magnetic flux output.
  • a center pole portion 22 extends from the bottom plate 16 into a central opening in the plate 13.
  • An annular air gap 24) is defined in the field structure between the top plate 18 and the pole portion 22.
  • the top plate 18, the bottom plate 16 and the magnet 14 are fastened together by means of screws 24.
  • An annular ridge 26 projects upwardly from the top plate 18.
  • a plurality of openings 28 may be provided in this ridge.
  • the pole piece 22 also has an axial opening 30 therethrough.
  • Other open ings 32 are provided in the bottom plate 15 circumferentially around the pole piece 22.
  • the open ngs 32 connect the ambient with the air gap 20'.
  • the openings 28, 3t ⁇ and 32 serve to relieve the pressure behind the dia-. phragm 12
  • the diaphragm 12 is secured along its marginal flange or rim portion 33, as by being cemented, to the top of the ridge 26.
  • a voice coil 34 is mounted on a form 35 which may be cemented to the diaphragm 12 along a flat, circular portion 37.
  • the voice coil 34 extends downwardly into the air gap 20.
  • a pair of leads (not shown) are connected to the voice coil. Electrical signals may be applied to these leads to operate the loudspeaker.
  • the acoustical diaphragm 12 is a sheet of relatively thin material such as plastic, metal, pressed or felted paper, or the like.
  • a single corrugation 38 is provided in the marginal portion adjacent the marginal flange or rim 33 of the diaphragm. This corrugation 38 provides a compliant suspension for the diaphragm 12.
  • the acoustical diaphragm 12 is essentially flat in shape and provides maximum radiating efficiency in a minimum volume of space.
  • l length of the conductor in the voice coil, in centimeters
  • the efficiency of the loudspeaker is therefore determined by the term X which is a function of the mass of the diaphragm and the voice coil. It follows that a heavy, thick diaphragm will produce a loss in efficiency. In order for the diaphragm to vibrate uniformly throughout a relatively wide frequency range, the diaphragm must have considerable stiffness. It has been found, in accordance with the invention, that great stiffness can be imparted into the diaphragm without excessive mass by forming a multitude of adjoining protuberances 35 in the sheet of thin material constituting the diaphragm.
  • the protuberances 36 may be formed as partial spheres, ellipsoids, or the like, and they are arranged relative to each other in a manner more particularly described hereinafter.
  • the use of protuberances of hemispherical shape, as illustrated in the drawings, is especially suitable in providing an extremely stiff, substantially fiat diaphragm.
  • the arrangement of the protuberances 36 in the illustrated diaphragm also precludes mid and high frequency break up of the diaphragm.
  • a diaphragm breaks up when it vibrates on a vibration node so that the inside and outside portions of the diaphragm are out of phase. This reduces the sound output of the diaphragm over a large portion of its frequency range and therefore deteriorates the loudspeaker response and performance.
  • Flat diaphragms and proposed heretofore ordinarily have arrangements of either indentations or embossments for imparting stiffness which define a plurality of straight lines or circles on the surface of the diaphragm. These lines or circles act as vibrational nodes. Thus, the diaphragm would break up in the mid and high frequency ranges. It follows that such diaphragms are not suitable for use in loudspeakers and microphones, as well as in many other types of acoustical apparatus.
  • the protuberances 36 formed in the diaphragm 12 are arranged in a non-uniform or unsymmetrical manner, as hereinafter more fully set forth, such that straight diameters and uniform circles are not formed at the adjoining hemispheres providing the protuberances.
  • the lines defined by the adjoining hemispherical protuberances are, in fact, of random curvature.
  • the diaphragm 12 is, therefore, Without straight lines or uniform circles which would act as vibrational nodes. Thus, the diaphragm 12 does not break up within a wide frequency range. It follows that a loudspeaker having a diaphragm according to the present invention will operate to transduce electrical signals into sound with high efiiciency and over a wide frequency range. Thus, the loudspeaker is especially suitable for use in radio receivers, particularly of the personal or the transistor variety.
  • the diaphragm 12 may be formed between a pair of cooperating dies as in the case of known loudspeaker cones. Different ones of the dies may be machined with indentations and protuberances thereon so as to accurately form the diaphragm therebetween.
  • the protuberances in the illustrated diaphragm are hemispherical in shape and are arranged in generally circular rows. The protuberances in different rows are offset from each other non-uniformly and in such manner that some adjacent protuberances are spaced from each other, some are just tangent to each other, and some overlap each other in different degrees, both within a given row and in adjoining rows.
  • a vibratile element which comprises a sheet of flexible material of substantially uniform thickness having a plurality of protuberances on one side thereof, said protuberances being arranged in substantially random, adjoining relation.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a sheet of flexible material of substantially uniform thickness, at least a portion of said sheet having a plurality of protuberances on one side thereof for imparting stiffening to said portion, said protuberances being arranged in random, adjoining relation to each other so that said sheet is free from nodes of vibration.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a sheet of flexible material of substantially uniform thickness having a plurality of protuberances on one side thereof, said protuberances being arranged adjoining each other in substantially random relation to define on said sheet lines of random curvature extending along said protuberances.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a vibratile element of substantially uniform thickness having a multitude of protuberances on one side thereof, said protuberances being disposed in substantially random, adjoining relation in an unsymmetrical arrangement to impart stiffening to said element without defining nodes of vibration thereon.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which, comprises a vibratile sheet of substantially uniform thickness having a plurality of partially spherical surfaces thereon extending out from one side of said sheet, said surfaces being arranged in substantially random unsymmetrical relation with respect to each other, at least some of said surfaces overlapping each other.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a sheet of flexible material of uniform thickness having a plurality of protrusions on one side thereof, said protrusions being arranged substantially at random in adjoining rows and in unsymmetrical arrangement with respect to any line across said sheet.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a sheet of flexible material of uniform thickness having a plurality of partially spherical surfaces thereon extending out of one side of said sheet, said surfaces being disposed in rows and being of substantially equal diameter, adjoining ones of said surfaces in different rows being offset from each other in substantially random relation.
  • An acoustical diaphragm which comprises a sheet of flexible material of uniform thickness having a marginal portion for suspending said sheet, said sheet also having a region spaced from said marginal portion including a plurality of adjoining, partially spherical surfaces extending from one side of said sheet, and at least some of said surfaces being disposed in substantially random, overlapping relation.
  • An acoustical diaphragm comprising a sheet of flexible material of uniform thickness having a plurality of protuberances extending from one side of said sheet and other, and certain of said protuberances overlapping each other.
  • An acoustical diaphragm comprising a sheet of fiexi- 5 ble material of uniform thickness having a plurality of protuberances extending from one side of said sheet and arranged randomly thereon with at least certain adjacent ones of said protuberances substantially tangent to each other and certain of said protuberances overlapping each other, said last named certain protuberances comprising adjacent pairs of protuberances which overlap each other in different degrees.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US849627A 1959-10-29 1959-10-29 Acoustical apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3073411A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL257376D NL257376A (nl) 1959-10-29
US849627A US3073411A (en) 1959-10-29 1959-10-29 Acoustical apparatus
GB33210/60A GB897621A (en) 1959-10-29 1960-09-27 Acoustical diaphragm
CH1167060A CH402075A (de) 1959-10-29 1960-10-18 Membran für elektroakustischen Wandler
FR841484A FR1272683A (fr) 1959-10-29 1960-10-18 Diaphragme acoustique
ES0262057A ES262057A1 (es) 1959-10-29 1960-10-28 Mejoras introducidas en la fabricaciën de elementos vibratiles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US849627A US3073411A (en) 1959-10-29 1959-10-29 Acoustical apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3073411A true US3073411A (en) 1963-01-15

Family

ID=25306156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US849627A Expired - Lifetime US3073411A (en) 1959-10-29 1959-10-29 Acoustical apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3073411A (nl)
CH (1) CH402075A (nl)
ES (1) ES262057A1 (nl)
GB (1) GB897621A (nl)
NL (1) NL257376A (nl)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS518732U (nl) * 1974-07-05 1976-01-22
JPS51163935U (nl) * 1975-06-18 1976-12-27
JPS51163934U (nl) * 1975-06-18 1976-12-27
US4013846A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-03-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Piston loudspeaker
US4628154A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-12-09 Kort Eckehard K Annular gap magnet system, particularly for low frequency loudspeakers
EP0414479A2 (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-02-27 Bose Corporation High compliance headphone driving
US5181252A (en) * 1987-12-28 1993-01-19 Bose Corporation High compliance headphone driving
US6104825A (en) * 1997-08-27 2000-08-15 Eminent Technology Incorporated Planar magnetic transducer with distortion compensating diaphragm
US20040129492A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-07-08 Alejandro Bertagni Planar diaphragm loudspeaker and related methods
US20090161885A1 (en) * 2007-10-02 2009-06-25 Mark Donaldson Component for noise reducing earphone
US20090307730A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-10 Mark Donaldson Media enhancement module
US20110003505A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2011-01-06 Nigel Greig In-flight entertainment system connector
US20110002474A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2011-01-06 Graeme Colin Fuller Active Noise Reduction System Control
US20110075331A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2011-03-31 Nigel Greig Media Player Holder
US20110188668A1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2011-08-04 Mark Donaldson Media delivery system
US20110211707A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-09-01 Graeme Colin Fuller Realisation of controller transfer function for active noise cancellation
US8571227B2 (en) 2005-11-11 2013-10-29 Phitek Systems Limited Noise cancellation earphone
US8929082B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2015-01-06 Thales Avionics, Inc. Airline passenger seat modular user interface device
US9487295B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2016-11-08 William James Sim Vehicle media distribution system using optical transmitters
US9628917B2 (en) 2014-07-23 2017-04-18 Bose Corporation Sound producing system
US9654854B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-05-16 Paul Darlington In-ear device incorporating active noise reduction
USD789911S1 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-06-20 Chris J. Katopis Earbud
US10034086B2 (en) 2013-03-26 2018-07-24 Bose Corporation Headset porting

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100902895B1 (ko) * 2006-06-29 2009-06-15 엘지전자 주식회사 스피커

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US728382A (en) * 1899-05-23 1903-05-19 John C English Diaphragm for machines for recording of reproducing sound or speech.
US1097499A (en) * 1914-05-19 Lucy A Young Method of making acoustic diaphragms.
US1118345A (en) * 1913-08-07 1914-11-24 Harry W Hess Sound-box for talking-machines.
US1763780A (en) * 1926-06-18 1930-06-17 Samuel W Hatton Acoustic diaphragm
US1917309A (en) * 1931-04-10 1933-07-11 Siemens Ag Diaphragm for acoustic apparatus
US2531634A (en) * 1945-01-11 1950-11-28 Athol E N Lawrance Acoustical diaphragm with stiffening means
GB726780A (en) * 1952-01-19 1955-03-23 Cole E K Ltd Improvements in or relating to sound producing diaphragms

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1097499A (en) * 1914-05-19 Lucy A Young Method of making acoustic diaphragms.
US728382A (en) * 1899-05-23 1903-05-19 John C English Diaphragm for machines for recording of reproducing sound or speech.
US1118345A (en) * 1913-08-07 1914-11-24 Harry W Hess Sound-box for talking-machines.
US1763780A (en) * 1926-06-18 1930-06-17 Samuel W Hatton Acoustic diaphragm
US1917309A (en) * 1931-04-10 1933-07-11 Siemens Ag Diaphragm for acoustic apparatus
US2531634A (en) * 1945-01-11 1950-11-28 Athol E N Lawrance Acoustical diaphragm with stiffening means
GB726780A (en) * 1952-01-19 1955-03-23 Cole E K Ltd Improvements in or relating to sound producing diaphragms

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS518732U (nl) * 1974-07-05 1976-01-22
JPS51163935U (nl) * 1975-06-18 1976-12-27
JPS51163934U (nl) * 1975-06-18 1976-12-27
US4013846A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-03-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Piston loudspeaker
US4628154A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-12-09 Kort Eckehard K Annular gap magnet system, particularly for low frequency loudspeakers
US5181252A (en) * 1987-12-28 1993-01-19 Bose Corporation High compliance headphone driving
EP0414479A2 (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-02-27 Bose Corporation High compliance headphone driving
EP0414479A3 (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-11-06 Bose Corporation High compliance headphone driving
US6104825A (en) * 1997-08-27 2000-08-15 Eminent Technology Incorporated Planar magnetic transducer with distortion compensating diaphragm
US20040129492A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-07-08 Alejandro Bertagni Planar diaphragm loudspeaker and related methods
US6929091B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2005-08-16 Sound Advance Systems, Inc. Planar diaphragm loudspeaker and related methods
US8571227B2 (en) 2005-11-11 2013-10-29 Phitek Systems Limited Noise cancellation earphone
US20090161885A1 (en) * 2007-10-02 2009-06-25 Mark Donaldson Component for noise reducing earphone
US8666085B2 (en) 2007-10-02 2014-03-04 Phitek Systems Limited Component for noise reducing earphone
US20090307730A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-10 Mark Donaldson Media enhancement module
US20110002474A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2011-01-06 Graeme Colin Fuller Active Noise Reduction System Control
US20110003505A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2011-01-06 Nigel Greig In-flight entertainment system connector
US20110075331A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2011-03-31 Nigel Greig Media Player Holder
US20110188668A1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2011-08-04 Mark Donaldson Media delivery system
US20110211707A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-09-01 Graeme Colin Fuller Realisation of controller transfer function for active noise cancellation
US9818394B2 (en) 2009-11-30 2017-11-14 Graeme Colin Fuller Realisation of controller transfer function for active noise cancellation
US8929082B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2015-01-06 Thales Avionics, Inc. Airline passenger seat modular user interface device
US9487295B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2016-11-08 William James Sim Vehicle media distribution system using optical transmitters
US9654854B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-05-16 Paul Darlington In-ear device incorporating active noise reduction
US10034086B2 (en) 2013-03-26 2018-07-24 Bose Corporation Headset porting
US9628917B2 (en) 2014-07-23 2017-04-18 Bose Corporation Sound producing system
USD789911S1 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-06-20 Chris J. Katopis Earbud

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH402075A (de) 1965-11-15
ES262057A1 (es) 1960-12-16
NL257376A (nl)
GB897621A (en) 1962-05-30

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