US306730A - Machines - Google Patents

Description

2 v. R E M E. E. Am

EoLDEE EOE TESTING MACHINES.

Patentedlkt. 21.., 1884.

kw .Mrt ws Vs N. PETERS. Fhmumognpna. wnhingcm n.C.

2 'Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

l A.H. BMBBY.

HOLDER EUR TESTING MACHINES.,

Patented Oct l lim/mlm? l E N. PETERS. Phalwlhhogmphsr, Wnshmgan. 0,0.

bUNrTan STaTss Animar H. minar, or srAMronn,

CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOE TO THE EMERY SCALE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HOLDER FCR TESTING-MACHINES.

SPECIFECATOBT forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,730, dated October 2l, 1884.

Application filed February 7. IERI.

Be it known that l, ALBERT HAMILTON EM hier, a citizen of the United States, formerly ot' New York, now residing at Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State vof Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful I mprove ments in Holders for Testing- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The subject of my invention is a holder for testing-machines constructed with a set of holding-Wedges working within converging seats in a sleeve or casing and forced forward simultaneously by a hydraulic ram acting on a plunger. The wedges are provided at their heels with plates or lugs to compel their simultaneous movement by the engagement of the plate or lug which projects from one wedge beneath the heel of the other. The converging seats are preferably formed in a bushing secured within the sleeve or casing of the holder and Y reversible, so that the holder may be adapted for strains of either tension or conipression, whilethe wedges are caused to tightly grip the specimen by the force of the strain applied thereto, whether in tension or conlpression, as hereinafter described. A spring is employed to retract the plunger when released by the pump of the hydraulic rain.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a longitudinal section of a holder illustrating parts of the invention. Fig. II is a longitudinal section of a holder illustrating other parts of the invention. Fig. IH is an end view of the holder shown in section in Fig. 1I. Fig. IY is a side view ofthe paired wedges with bushings adapting them to grip a specimen of cylindrical section. Fig. V is an end view ot' the same. Fig. Vl isa side view ofthe paired wedges with bushings adapting them to grip a square specimen. Fig. VII is an end view of the same.

l l represent ya pair of holding-wedges have ing cylindrical backs, and 2 a sleeve having cylindrical seats with converging axes within which said wedges work. Each of t-he wedges is adapted to be engaged by a lug or plate, 4, at the heel thereof, so as to compel their si1nultaneous movement within the sleeve. These plates may be variously constructed and applied. For example, there may be a lug pro- (o model.)

each wedge and engaging behind the heel of l the other, as represented in Figs. I, Il, and III, or they may be held by a single plate, as represented in Figs. VI and VII. In this case the plate is fastened securely to the heel of one wedge, and provided at its other end with slots for the reception of the shanks of screws which are driven into the end ofthe opposite wedge. The heads of the screws abutting against the plate prevent the independent longitudinal movement of either wedge, while the slots permit their free movement to and from each other.

5 represents a reversible bushing secured within the sleeve 2, and formed with the cylindrieal seats for the wedges, which, by reason of their cylindrical backs, are enabled to turn freely on their axes, and thereby adjust themselves automatically to a specimen and grip the same with uniform pressure. The thread by which the bushing is screwed into the sleeve projects Vfrom the surface, as shown in Fig. Il, so that the said bushing,with the wedges, may be readily reversed in position in order to adapt the holder for gripping a specimenunder either. tension or compression, as may beV required. The annular recesses between the forward end ofthe bushing and the surrounding sleeve is filled by a ring, 6, enabling the sleeve to aiford a solid support or bearing for the wedges to resist and sustain the radial pressure which they exert when strains are applied. Th e shank of the holder is shown at 7 screw-threaded to adapt it to be fastened to the draw-head, piston-rod, or other part of the testing machine. The said shank may be screwed into the sleeve 2, as illustrated in Fi 0' or formed in one therewith, as shown in Fig. Il.

8 represents a spring for forcing the wedges out, so as to apply initial pressure to the specimen, as I have described in my application above referred to. Said spring constitutes no part ot'iny present invention, but is adapted t'or use in eonneetion with other parts thereof, as illustrated in Fig. II. It operates on a, rain7 2t), confined by a guide-ring, f).

l0 represents inner bushings interposed l3etween the hol ding-Wedges l and a speeiinenJ f5, and adapted bytheir shape and dimensions to conform to the size of the specimen to be tested. rlhe said inner bushings are provided with shoulders ll, engaging in recesses l2 near the heels ol.' the wedges, so as to hold t hein securely underlongitudinalstrain. Handles are shown at 16 for Carrying the holder and sei-owing it into the head ol` the testing-machine or other part to which it is to be applied.

17 represents an anvil ot' lnirdened steel l'or reeeiving the impart o' reeoil on the lneal-:ing o' a siieeimen.

l'n my present invention l employ. t'or the purpose ol' forcing the wedges ont and applving initial pressure to speeimens. a hydraulic rain, 20,\v-hieli may be zietiiated by the pun1pplunger 21 and orank-serew 22, or other suitable means, the water being i'oreed beneath the rain 20,\vhieh nets upon the wedges Land when released by the retraction ot" the sei-ew 22 is l -t'oreed back by a spring, 253,` confined by a,

cap, 2l.

Instead ot" `working the ram by direct eonneetionwith a pump7 it may he connected with an accumulator actuated by gravity or stemn; or the rain maybe Connected directly with the liquid in the straiuingpress, so that the pressure on the rain will (correspond with the strain on the specimen. rlhe details of these eonneetions are reserved for other applications.

Having thus described my invention, the l'ollowing is what I claim as nen' therein and desire to seenre h v lietters Patent:

l. 'lhe combination7 with the grippingwedges, ot' a h'xfdranlie ram to press the said wedges forward and cause them to grip the specimen hel'ore or during the application ot' Wedges7 a plate tixed to and projecting t'roi'n u one or eaeh ot' said wedges and engztging behind. the heel ot' the other7 so as to eompel them to more in nnison. I

et. rlhe combination,\vitli the sleeve or ease and the sliding wedges, of a bushing serewed into the sind sleeve and eontainingg seats t'or the sliding wetflges.

5. The eombination, with theholding-wedges and the sleeve containing the same, ol" the eonverging bushing constructed so as to be re versible,to adapt the holder for use for strainsl ol either tension or compression.

rllhe eombinatio11,\vitl1 the sleeve and rerersible bushing, ot' a band lilling the annular space between the .sleeve and the forward end ol' the bushing7 to adapt the sleeve to atl'ord a sol id support against the radial pressure ot" the wedges, as explained.

T. The combination ot' the grippingavedges,

hydraulic rain, and retraeti11g-spring,snbstan 7o tially as and for the purposes set t'orth.

-ililll' l'l ll. llMlflll'Y.

\\"itnesses:

Oo'riivins time nir, lliinnr 1C. Kivu.; 11'1.

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