US3065040A - Textile bleaching process using chlorite bleaching baths - Google Patents
Textile bleaching process using chlorite bleaching baths Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3065040A US3065040A US761936A US76193658A US3065040A US 3065040 A US3065040 A US 3065040A US 761936 A US761936 A US 761936A US 76193658 A US76193658 A US 76193658A US 3065040 A US3065040 A US 3065040A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bleaching
- acids
- salts
- acid
- chlorite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 7
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001632422 Radiola linoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019846 buffering salt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004672 propanoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 steam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/20—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen
- D06L4/22—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents
- D06L4/24—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents using chlorites or chlorine dioxide
- D06L4/26—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which contain halogen using inorganic agents using chlorites or chlorine dioxide combined with specific additives
Definitions
- This invention relates to textile bleaching processes using chlorites.
- chlorites for bleaching textiles, particularly in processes combining padding and steaming, is known in the art.
- Several operational methods are known, according to the oldest of which acidic solutions of chlorite are padded onto the goods to be bleached, which are subsequently steamed.
- This process has the disadvantage that the impregnating baths are strongly active, that is they evolve chlorine dioxide gas on decomposition.
- the goods being treated be impregnated with alkaline chlorite solutions and that the chlorite incorporated in the treated goods subsequently be activated with mixtures of acid and steam.
- a particularly heavy evolution of chlorine dioxide occurs in the steaming chamber, and the mixture of acid, steam, and chlorine dioxide is considerably corrosive to the apparatus used.
- salts of strong acids and weak bases e.g. ammonium salts of strong acids
- weak bases e.g. ammonium salts of strong acids
- These salts replace the esters as substances forming acid during the steaming process.
- These salts which are hydrolyzed only at temperatures above 60 0., form acid and cause an activation of the chlorite on the fiber treated.
- these acid-forming substances are relatively cheap compounds, their use is impaired by the fact that the acids formed injure the goods being treated.
- a similar eifect is obtained by adding to the impregnation baths mixtures of salts of strong bases and weak acids together with weak acids difierent from those acids from which the salts are derived. When using such mixtures, bleaching is delayed only shortly due to the higher quantity of buffer substances present.
- Suitable salts of weak acids and strong bases are, for example: sodium formate or the corresponding acetate, propionate, citrate, lactate, tartrate, and benzoate.
- the corresponding potassium salts can be used instead of sodium salts, as can the salts of the alkaline earth metals if sutliciently soluble.
- the organic acids are especially suitable, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid and the like.
- the first dissociation constants of these acids all lie between about 1 10- and about 1.4 l0- which are the first dissociation constants of tartaric and propionic acids, respectively.
- the average degree of polymerization of the fabric after bleaching was 1820, as compared with an average degree of polymerization in the raw material of 2960.
- the bleached fabric had a degree of whiteness of 84.3%. Seed husks were completely destroyed.
- Example 2 By proceeding as in Example 1, but ad justing the solution to a pH of 7 by the addition of acetic acid to the chlorite bath, a bleached fabric with a degree of whiteness of 84.2% was obtained.
- the average degree of polymerization in the bleached fibers was 2760, as compared with 2960 in the raw material. Thus, the fiber has not been damaged, although the seed husks are completely destroyed.
- the average degree of polymerization in the bleached material was 2810, as compared with a value of 2960 in the raw material. Seed husk residues still remained after treatment.
- the reduced degree of bleaching obtained and the incomplete destruction of seed husks, despite a bleaching time equal to that of the earlier examples, are due in this process to the delay occurring in reaching the bleaching stage.
- the bleaching time is increased to 1% hours, the seed husks are completely destroyed and the degree of whiteness of the fabric is raised to about 83.9% without significant reduction in the average degree of polymerization.
- the goods bleached were not damaged.
- a prolonged bleaching period is required by the delayed activation of the chlorite, caused by the presence of the buffer substances added.
- Example 4 Provides as in Example 3 above, but with the addition to the chlorite impregnation bath of such an amount of acetic acid as is necessary to bring the bath to a pH of 6.5, complete bleaching is attained within 75 minutes with destruction of all seed husks.
- the degree of whiteness was 84.1%.
- the average degree of polymerization of the bleached material was 2780 as compared with 2960 in the raw material.
- the use of mixtures of bufifers salts and weak acids in bleaching has the advantage that the pH is least reduced during the bleaching process, since more butler substance is available.
- the addition of acid to the solution reduces the bleaching period to a value comparable with that in Example 2.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
States This invention relates to textile bleaching processes using chlorites.
The use of chlorites for bleaching textiles, particularly in processes combining padding and steaming, is known in the art. Several operational methods are known, according to the oldest of which acidic solutions of chlorite are padded onto the goods to be bleached, which are subsequently steamed. This process has the disadvantage that the impregnating baths are strongly active, that is they evolve chlorine dioxide gas on decomposition. To overcome this disadvantage, it has been suggested that the goods being treated be impregnated with alkaline chlorite solutions and that the chlorite incorporated in the treated goods subsequently be activated with mixtures of acid and steam. In this process, a particularly heavy evolution of chlorine dioxide occurs in the steaming chamber, and the mixture of acid, steam, and chlorine dioxide is considerably corrosive to the apparatus used.
In further developments of the padding and steaming process, the advantages of weakly alkaline impregnation baths have been retained while avoiding the disadvantage of acid activation by adding organic esters to the impregnation baths. During subsequent steaming, these esters release acid and activate the chlorite present in the goods treated. Although this latter method is considerably superior to those earlier described, the high cost of the esters considerably increases the cost of the bleaching process.
More recently, the addition of salts of strong acids and weak bases (e.g. ammonium salts of strong acids) to the impregnation baths has been proposed. These salts replace the esters as substances forming acid during the steaming process. These salts, which are hydrolyzed only at temperatures above 60 0., form acid and cause an activation of the chlorite on the fiber treated. Although these acid-forming substances are relatively cheap compounds, their use is impaired by the fact that the acids formed injure the goods being treated.
It has now been found that the detrimental effect on textiles bleached with water-soluble chlorites using padding and steaming methods and impregnation baths containing salts of strong acids and weak bases as acid-forming substances can be avoided by additionally including weak acids and/ or salts of weak acids and strong bases in the impregnation baths.
The addition of salts of strong bases and weak acids prevents the textile fiber from being damaged. However, the complete elimination of seed husks requires an increased bleaching period since activation of the chlorite is delayed by the buffer action of the salt added. it is of special advantage to add weak acids, rather than weak acid salts, since the buffering salts which inhibit acid corrosion and are subsequently activated by heat are formed between the added weak acid and the alkali of the chlorite solution. Using this method, the bleaching reaction is not delayed, which is of utmost importance since padding and steaming are usually performed as continuous processes and bleaching periods as short as possible give the highest yields.
A similar eifect is obtained by adding to the impregnation baths mixtures of salts of strong bases and weak acids together with weak acids difierent from those acids from which the salts are derived. When using such mixtures, bleaching is delayed only shortly due to the higher quantity of buffer substances present.
It has proved advantageous to fix the pH of the impregnation baths of the invention at a value lower than the pH (about 8-9) of alkaline chlorite baths consisting of sodium chlorite and salts of strong acids and weak bases. According to the invention, it is most favorable to operate at a pH between about 6 and 7.5, preferably between 6.5 and 7.5.v The amount of weak acid or of weak acid salt depends on the pH desired.
Suitable salts of weak acids and strong bases are, for example: sodium formate or the corresponding acetate, propionate, citrate, lactate, tartrate, and benzoate. Naturally, the corresponding potassium salts can be used instead of sodium salts, as can the salts of the alkaline earth metals if sutliciently soluble.
As weak acid, the organic acids are especially suitable, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid and the like. The first dissociation constants of these acids all lie between about 1 10- and about 1.4 l0- which are the first dissociation constants of tartaric and propionic acids, respectively.
The following examples illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit it:
Example 1.Raw desized cotton fabric was impregmated with a solution (pH=8.8) containing 15 grams/ liter of 100% sodium chlorite, 8 grams/ liter of ammonium sulphate and 5 grams/ liter of a chlorite resistant wetting agent.
Solution in excess of that giving a humidity of 100% was removed by squeezing the fabric, which was then heated to C. with steam and then rolled up. The goods remained for one hour at this same temperature while being slowly rotated in the steaming chamber. The goods were then washed.
The average degree of polymerization of the fabric after bleaching was 1820, as compared with an average degree of polymerization in the raw material of 2960. The bleached fabric had a degree of whiteness of 84.3%. Seed husks were completely destroyed.
Example 2.By proceeding as in Example 1, but ad justing the solution to a pH of 7 by the addition of acetic acid to the chlorite bath, a bleached fabric with a degree of whiteness of 84.2% was obtained. The average degree of polymerization in the bleached fibers was 2760, as compared with 2960 in the raw material. Thus, the fiber has not been damaged, although the seed husks are completely destroyed.
Example 3.-Proceeding as in Example 1, but adding 2.5 grams/liter of sodium acetate to the chlorite bath (pH=8.9), a fabric having a degree of whiteness of 79.7% was obtained. The average degree of polymerization in the bleached material was 2810, as compared with a value of 2960 in the raw material. Seed husk residues still remained after treatment. The reduced degree of bleaching obtained and the incomplete destruction of seed husks, despite a bleaching time equal to that of the earlier examples, are due in this process to the delay occurring in reaching the bleaching stage. If the bleaching time is increased to 1% hours, the seed husks are completely destroyed and the degree of whiteness of the fabric is raised to about 83.9% without significant reduction in the average degree of polymerization. Thus, in this case also, the goods bleached were not damaged. A prolonged bleaching period is required by the delayed activation of the chlorite, caused by the presence of the buffer substances added.
Example 4.-Proceeding as in Example 3 above, but with the addition to the chlorite impregnation bath of such an amount of acetic acid as is necessary to bring the bath to a pH of 6.5, complete bleaching is attained within 75 minutes with destruction of all seed husks. The degree of whiteness was 84.1%. The average degree of polymerization of the bleached material was 2780 as compared with 2960 in the raw material. The use of mixtures of bufifers salts and weak acids in bleaching has the advantage that the pH is least reduced during the bleaching process, since more butler substance is available. In comparison with Example 3, the addition of acid to the solution (Example 4) reduces the bleaching period to a value comparable with that in Example 2.
i I claim:
1. In the method of bleaching textiles by padding said textiles with an impregnation bath containing chlorites and salts of strong acids and weak bases and then steaming said padded textiles, the improvement of buttering said bath at a pH between 6 and 9 by adding to said bath a member selected from the group consisting of weak acids having a first dissociation constant between 1 10 and 1.4 10 the alkali metal and alkaline earth salts of said acids, and mixtures of said salts and said acids.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said bath is bufiered at a pH between 6.5 and 7.5.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein a weak acid is added to said bath.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said weak acid is a low molecular weight aliphatic carboxylic acid.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said weak acid is acetic acid.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein a salt of a Weak acid is added to said bath.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said salt is sodium acetate.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein a mixture of a weak acid and a salt of a weak acid is added to said bath.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said mixture is a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,521,340 Carr Sept. 5, 1950 2,739,032 Wilson Mar. 20, 1956 2,810,717 Lamborn Oct. 22, 1957 2,947,700 Waibel Aug. 2, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 723,566 Great Britain Feb. 9, 1955 OTHER REFERENCES Journal Textile Inst, 47:3, pp. A-l25, March 1956.
Claims (1)
1. IN THE METHOD OF BLEACHING TEXTILES BY PADDING SAID TEXTILES WITH AN IMPREGNATION BATH CONTAINING CHLORITES AND SALTS OF STRONG ACIDS AND WEAK BASES AND THEN STEAMING SAID PADDED TEXTILES, THE IMPROVEMENT OF BUFFERING SAID BATH AT A PH BETWEEN 6 AND 9 BY ADDING TO SAID BATH A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF WEAK ACIDS HAVING A FIRST DISSOCIATION CONSTANT BETWEEEN 1X103 AND 1.4X105, THE ALKALI METAL AND ALKALINE EARTH SALTS OF SAID ACIDS, AND MIXTURES OF SAID SALTS AND SAID ACIDS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF24012A DE1168859B (en) | 1957-09-24 | 1957-09-24 | Process for bleaching chlorites by the Klotz-Daempf process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3065040A true US3065040A (en) | 1962-11-20 |
Family
ID=7091071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US761936A Expired - Lifetime US3065040A (en) | 1957-09-24 | 1958-09-19 | Textile bleaching process using chlorite bleaching baths |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3065040A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE571470A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1168859B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1203379A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB898677A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL96757C (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3238226A (en) * | 1962-02-19 | 1966-03-01 | Nat Polychemicals Inc | Synthesis of hydrazine, semi-carbazide, and hydrazinedicarbonamide |
| US4236891A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-12-02 | Olin Corporation | Process for textile bleaching with dibasic magnesium hypochlorite |
| US4310425A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1982-01-12 | Halabs, Incorporated | Inhibited oil field drilling fluid |
| USRE31779E (en) * | 1976-03-26 | 1984-12-25 | Alcide Corporation | Germ-killing composition and method |
| US4790950A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1988-12-13 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant stabilized by NH4 OH |
| US4873013A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-10-10 | The Dracket Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant stabilized by ammonium hydroxide |
| US4880556A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1989-11-14 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant |
| US4891216A (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1990-01-02 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfecting compositions and methods therefor |
| US4963287A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1990-10-16 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions |
| US4986990A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1991-01-22 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfection method and composition therefor |
| US5185161A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1993-02-09 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfection method and composition therefor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2521340A (en) * | 1945-05-16 | 1950-09-05 | Olin Mathieson | Bleaching of cellulosic textiles |
| GB723566A (en) * | 1951-04-19 | 1955-02-09 | Val Mehler Segeltuchweberei Ag | Improved method of bleaching textile materials |
| US2739032A (en) * | 1953-03-30 | 1956-03-20 | William K Wilson | Iron-catalyzed decomposition of sodium chlorite |
| US2810717A (en) * | 1955-02-07 | 1957-10-22 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Chlorite bleaching in the presence of a nitrogen compound employed as a corrosion inhibitor |
| US2947700A (en) * | 1953-12-15 | 1960-08-02 | Hoechst Ag | Inhibited chlorite baths and method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE500190A (en) * | 1949-12-27 |
-
0
- NL NL96757D patent/NL96757C/xx active
- BE BE571470D patent/BE571470A/xx unknown
-
1957
- 1957-09-24 DE DEF24012A patent/DE1168859B/en active Pending
-
1958
- 1958-09-19 US US761936A patent/US3065040A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1958-09-24 GB GB30522/58A patent/GB898677A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-09-24 FR FR1203379D patent/FR1203379A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2521340A (en) * | 1945-05-16 | 1950-09-05 | Olin Mathieson | Bleaching of cellulosic textiles |
| GB723566A (en) * | 1951-04-19 | 1955-02-09 | Val Mehler Segeltuchweberei Ag | Improved method of bleaching textile materials |
| US2739032A (en) * | 1953-03-30 | 1956-03-20 | William K Wilson | Iron-catalyzed decomposition of sodium chlorite |
| US2947700A (en) * | 1953-12-15 | 1960-08-02 | Hoechst Ag | Inhibited chlorite baths and method |
| US2810717A (en) * | 1955-02-07 | 1957-10-22 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Chlorite bleaching in the presence of a nitrogen compound employed as a corrosion inhibitor |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3238226A (en) * | 1962-02-19 | 1966-03-01 | Nat Polychemicals Inc | Synthesis of hydrazine, semi-carbazide, and hydrazinedicarbonamide |
| USRE31779E (en) * | 1976-03-26 | 1984-12-25 | Alcide Corporation | Germ-killing composition and method |
| US4236891A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-12-02 | Olin Corporation | Process for textile bleaching with dibasic magnesium hypochlorite |
| US4310425A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1982-01-12 | Halabs, Incorporated | Inhibited oil field drilling fluid |
| US4986990A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1991-01-22 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfection method and composition therefor |
| US5185161A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1993-02-09 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfection method and composition therefor |
| USRE36064E (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1999-01-26 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfection method and composition therefor |
| US4891216A (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1990-01-02 | Alcide Corporation | Disinfecting compositions and methods therefor |
| US4880556A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1989-11-14 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant |
| US4963287A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1990-10-16 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions |
| US4790950A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1988-12-13 | The Drackett Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant stabilized by NH4 OH |
| US4873013A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-10-10 | The Dracket Company | Aqueous alkali metal halogenite compositions containing a colorant stabilized by ammonium hydroxide |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE571470A (en) | |
| GB898677A (en) | 1962-06-14 |
| FR1203379A (en) | 1960-01-18 |
| DE1168859B (en) | 1964-04-30 |
| NL96757C (en) |
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