US3055301A - Ammunition - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3055301A
US3055301A US95098A US9509861A US3055301A US 3055301 A US3055301 A US 3055301A US 95098 A US95098 A US 95098A US 9509861 A US9509861 A US 9509861A US 3055301 A US3055301 A US 3055301A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shot
column
collar
tube
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US95098A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles E Miller
Merton L Robinson
William B Woodring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olin Corp
Original Assignee
Olin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olin Corp filed Critical Olin Corp
Priority to US95098A priority Critical patent/US3055301A/en
Priority to GB8853/62A priority patent/GB938091A/en
Priority to FR890688A priority patent/FR1317166A/fr
Priority to BE615039A priority patent/BE615039A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3055301A publication Critical patent/US3055301A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/06—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile with cartridge case of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/04—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type

Definitions

  • Shotgun shells with a conventional brass-headed tubular paper case are well known. More recently, shell cases of light metal and of plastic have also been available. No matter what the tubing in which it is incased, a shot shell is a rather special container which must function not only for storing its' charge including priming, wadding, powder and shot without deterioration, but also for initiating the powder and for projecting shot through an end closure. Despite firing, the case must not come apart, and the closure must be adapted not only to hold the charge with controlled confinement but also be adapted to open readily in a consistent manner when the powder is ignited to release the shot.
  • Some shooters desire that the cartridge project the shot not only as a plurality of separated missiles, but also with a desirably tight pattern even at a long handicap range target. Some shooters then insist that the cartridges when spent be reloaded with components to the shooters own specifications.
  • Each time such a shotgun cartridge is fired it becomes desirable that the shot load continue to be projected with a desired pattern according to an acceptable degree of shot dispersion without too much lateral scattering of the shot and without too much longitudinal scattering to avoid giving too rarefied a string of shot.
  • a shot shell is desirable wherein the fired case remains intact as long as possible and is reuseable as often as possible before any defect develops to prevent reuse.
  • the shotgun cartridge side wall made of a convolutely wound tube of paper impregnated and coated by a suitable material such as paraffin, microcrystalline wax and the like.
  • the side wall thickness of such a tube is in the range of about 0.035 of an inch, and has the capacity to be folded to make a closure integral therewith and to unfold upon cartridge firing quite a number of times without the end at the closure being shot away.
  • the paper side wall is firm enough to resist the tearing action of the shot much better than plastic can and is yieldable enough so as not to deform the shot excessively like metal.
  • a shotgun cartridge having an axially or longitudinally slit fitted layer of shot-absorbing and self-lubricating material extending initially almost all the way axially down the length between the interior of the tubular side wall of the cartridge and the outer shot pellets of the load of shot.
  • the layer is adapted to extend forwardly beyond the shot, but preferably not before firing.
  • the layer extends substantially over the shot column length in a single thickness of strip which is preferably press-fitted when loaded in the shot shell case to assume the form of a C-shaped band and thereby preferably prestressed to impart a bias giving the band a tendency to uncurl open out of its substantially closed ring shape as soon as it is free of the constraint of the shotgun bore.
  • the band is a layer plastically deformable by shot indentation and formed from a strip of suitable synthetic plastic material of a sufficient length, thickness and stiffness for the purpose.
  • a layer of polyethylene or other similar olefinic polyrner for the purpose is contemplated in the form of a band curled to a split-ring shape when constrained in combination with a shot shell case, especially of the type having an evanescent end closure and a self-sealing flanged gun wad as disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,582,124 and No. 2,582,125.
  • a suitably tough grade of polyethylene or any equivalent unctuous olefinic polymer or co-polymer is contemplated in a thickness of not much less than about the radius of the indentation of the smallest shot used, i.e., not much less than about 0.025 of an inch, but not more than about the thickness of the heaviest paper shell side wall i.e., not more than about 0.040 of an inch.
  • This forms a plastically indentable pad movable with the shot and therefore forms part of the projectile load until ejection from the shotgun muzzle.
  • the outer shot becomes absorbed partially by not only plastically indenting the layer but also by extruding parts of it up between them as the acceleration is applied to the load in the bore. Exteriorly of the barrel, the shot and the collar become free of each other.
  • the polyethylene should be at least 0.015 of an inch thick and preferably around 0.025 of an inch.
  • the plastic takes the form of a suitable length of a rectangular strip bent round and with its extremities in abutment in order to fit snugly within the standard cartridge cavity as a seamed collar, but having sufiicient memory characteristics so as to tend gently to uncoil free from the shot column upon emergence from the muzzle.
  • the extremities must neither overlap nor be joined. The length must not interfere with contiguity of the shot and the evanescent end closure.
  • Suitable resinous materials are compounds of polyvinyl chloride, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyethylene terephthalate and the like, if lubricated and if of a suitable grade for the purpose.
  • a collar of solid polyethylene having a sufiicient Shore durometer hardness of from about 50 to about and preferably about 65, measured on the C 3 scale, is contemplated to ofier the necessary degree of deformability, lubricity, and curlback without having undesired resilience.
  • paper shot shells are provided with a. shot collar to advantage as compared to prior shot containers.
  • one object of this invention is to provide a novel shotgun cartridge which gives an excellent shot pattern and the case of which lasts such a long time so that it can be reused as many as five or more times.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational view in longitudinal cross section of one embodiment of a shell according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of the shot encircling member of FIGURE 1 before assembly in the cartridge;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional view taken transversely of the cartridge of FIGURE 1 through its shot column;
  • FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cartridge of FIGURE 1 shown firing in a typical shotgun barrel;
  • FIGURE 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view in crosssection taken through part of a collar member retrieved after firing showing what has happened;
  • FIGURE 6 is a front end view of the whole cartridge showing how the view of FIGURE 1 was taken particularly through the evanescent end closure on line I--I;
  • FIGURE 7 is an elevational view partly in cross section of another embodiment of the invention using another type of evanescent end closure in a cartridge like that disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,582,125.
  • a laminated paper tube 10 is staked in a cup-shaped metallic head 12 with the aid of base wad 14 compressed into the head sufliciently to press the end 11 of the side wall into extractor rim 24 of the head.
  • Head 12 and wad 24- are orificed for the reception of the primer 13 for the charge of powder 16 disposed between the flanged overlay wad and the over-powder wad 17.
  • the cavity of the cartridge case is charged next to wad 17 with one or more compressible occupying wads 18 compressed snugly against the tubular side wall 10.
  • a strip 29 of the type shown in FIGURE 2 after being coiled up. This is stress-fitted against tube 10 to form preshaped band 30 as shown in FIGURE 3 with a pair of opposite extremities 31 and 32 in coplanar juxtaposition or abutment as shown at 41.
  • strip 29 between the leading and trailing edges 33 and 34 is sufiicient to extend over nearly all of the length or height of the shot column 19.
  • collar 30 acts as a tubular pad or mat 35 upon and in which the column of shot 19 slides out of the shot shell and the barrel.
  • interference is avoided with the opened closure with its trailing edge 26 protruding inwardly from the forcing cone 52, the constrictions of the closure edge 26 and the cone 52; it is also avoided with the whole length of the barrel bore 53, and finally the choke constriction 54.
  • the shot impressed mat 35 also blocks the shot pellets in place in the moving column while minimizing impact.
  • the recovery character of strip 29 may be varied in the band 30 by providing it in the form of a fiat piece or one with a natural curvature as shown in FIGURE 2. A further adjustment may be made by curling the strip either in the direction of curvature as shown at or away from it as shown at 71. In any event, only enough restoration is desired to give the band a tendency to open outwardly and avoid fluttering against the shot column or excessive spring snap.
  • a shotshell comprising in combination a paper tube, a metallic head secured to said paper tube, a column of shot and a powder charge disposed within the tube, an over-powder Wad arrangement including a filler wad and a flanged Wad positioned between the powder charge and the column of shot, a normally flat, resinous, plastic strip disposed in said tube to form a substantially annular open-ended collar having opposed unjoined extremities defining a parting slit, said collar being constrained by said tube to develop a spring action, said slit extending from edge to edge of said collar, said collar being curled immediately adjacent the interior of the tube about the shot column and in frictional contact with the interior of the tube and having a tendency to uncurl by virtue of said spring action, and a closure for said shotshell integral with said tube in overlaying contiguity with said column and overlaying said collar, said flanged wad being effective in response to activation of the powder charge to drive said shot column and said collar with obturation as a
  • a shotshell comprising in combination a paper tube having an integral closure, a metallic head secured to said paper tube, a column of shot and a powder charge disposed within the tube, an over-powder wad means including a filler wad portion and a flanged wad portion positioned between the powder charge and the column of shot, a polyolefinic collar disposed in said tube to create a substantially annular portion terminating in a leading edge defining a collar opening at said closure and having opposed unjoined extremities defining a slit, said collar being constrained by said tube to develop a spring action, said slit extending from edge to edge of said collar, said collar being curled immediately adjacent the interior of the tube about the shot column and in frictional contact with the interior of the tube and having a tendency to uncurl by virtue of said spring action, said integral closure overlaying said column of shot and said collar, said flanged wad portion being effective in response to activation of the powder charge to drive said column and said collar with obturation as

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US95098A 1961-03-13 1961-03-13 Ammunition Expired - Lifetime US3055301A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95098A US3055301A (en) 1961-03-13 1961-03-13 Ammunition
GB8853/62A GB938091A (en) 1961-03-13 1962-03-07 Ammunition for shot guns
FR890688A FR1317166A (fr) 1961-03-13 1962-03-12 Cartouche de chasse
BE615039A BE615039A (fr) 1961-03-13 1962-03-13 Perfectionnements aux cartouches de fusils de chasse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95098A US3055301A (en) 1961-03-13 1961-03-13 Ammunition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3055301A true US3055301A (en) 1962-09-25

Family

ID=22249593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US95098A Expired - Lifetime US3055301A (en) 1961-03-13 1961-03-13 Ammunition

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3055301A (fr)
BE (1) BE615039A (fr)
GB (1) GB938091A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3162124A (en) * 1962-04-02 1964-12-22 Olin Mathieson Plastic cartridge
US3208382A (en) * 1963-09-03 1965-09-28 Remington Arms Co Inc Skeet load
US3227085A (en) * 1963-09-05 1966-01-04 James L Ramer Shot shell
US3261291A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-07-19 Olin Mathieson Cartridge
US3262390A (en) * 1964-05-29 1966-07-26 Olin Mathieson Tracer shotshell
US3313235A (en) * 1964-06-10 1967-04-11 Chellife Corp Shotgun shell with deformable closure
DE1578187B1 (de) * 1965-05-28 1971-06-24 Olin Corp Schrotpatronenladepfropf
US3881416A (en) * 1973-04-23 1975-05-06 Us Army Choked flechette weapon system
US4679505A (en) * 1984-11-30 1987-07-14 Federal Cartridge Corporation 00 buckshot shotshell
WO1998035202A2 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-13 Olin Corporation Bourre reversible permettant d'orienter les plombs d'une charge de plombs
US8807040B2 (en) 2011-07-07 2014-08-19 James Y. Menefee, III Cartridge for multiplex load
US20170030666A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2017-02-02 James Y. Menefee, III Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759420A (en) * 1953-01-30 1956-08-21 Theodore R Schultz Shotgun cartridge
US2897758A (en) * 1956-09-17 1959-08-04 Olin Mathieson Metallic shotshell

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759420A (en) * 1953-01-30 1956-08-21 Theodore R Schultz Shotgun cartridge
US2897758A (en) * 1956-09-17 1959-08-04 Olin Mathieson Metallic shotshell

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3162124A (en) * 1962-04-02 1964-12-22 Olin Mathieson Plastic cartridge
US3208382A (en) * 1963-09-03 1965-09-28 Remington Arms Co Inc Skeet load
US3227085A (en) * 1963-09-05 1966-01-04 James L Ramer Shot shell
US3261291A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-07-19 Olin Mathieson Cartridge
US3262390A (en) * 1964-05-29 1966-07-26 Olin Mathieson Tracer shotshell
US3313235A (en) * 1964-06-10 1967-04-11 Chellife Corp Shotgun shell with deformable closure
DE1578187B1 (de) * 1965-05-28 1971-06-24 Olin Corp Schrotpatronenladepfropf
US3881416A (en) * 1973-04-23 1975-05-06 Us Army Choked flechette weapon system
US4679505A (en) * 1984-11-30 1987-07-14 Federal Cartridge Corporation 00 buckshot shotshell
WO1998035202A2 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-13 Olin Corporation Bourre reversible permettant d'orienter les plombs d'une charge de plombs
US5831205A (en) * 1997-02-12 1998-11-03 Olin Corporation Reversible pellet orienting wad for shotshell
US5837927A (en) * 1997-02-12 1998-11-17 Olin Corporation Reversible pellet orienting wad for shotshell
WO1998035202A3 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-11-19 Olin Corp Bourre reversible permettant d'orienter les plombs d'une charge de plombs
US8807040B2 (en) 2011-07-07 2014-08-19 James Y. Menefee, III Cartridge for multiplex load
US20170030666A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2017-02-02 James Y. Menefee, III Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system
US10054410B2 (en) * 2011-08-04 2018-08-21 James Y. Menefee, III Cartridge for handheld payload launcher system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE615039A (fr) 1962-09-13
GB938091A (en) 1963-09-25

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