US3055268A - Discarding obturator and rotator for projectiles - Google Patents

Discarding obturator and rotator for projectiles Download PDF

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US3055268A
US3055268A US74737A US7473760A US3055268A US 3055268 A US3055268 A US 3055268A US 74737 A US74737 A US 74737A US 7473760 A US7473760 A US 7473760A US 3055268 A US3055268 A US 3055268A
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projectile
disc
rotator
obturator
projectiles
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Rosenthal Henry
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/08—Sabots filled with propulsive charges; Removing sabots by combustion of pyrotechnic elements or by propulsive-gas pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/05—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for recoilless guns

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for thin wall explosive projectiles for cannon and recoilless rifles that is both a rotator and an obturator.
  • Projectiles are now designed with a tapered boat tail rear section to reduce the weight and to cut down the drag While the projectile is in flight. It is therefore desirable to move the rotator and obturator further to the rear of the projectile to take advantage of the increased strength in the tapered portion.
  • the rotator and obturator can more readily be discharged from the projectile immediately upon its leaving the gun barrel, so that the full flight of the projectile is made with low drag shape afforded by the boat tail.
  • FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gun barrel, the rotator and obturator, with a partial sectional view of the projectile;
  • FIGURE 2 is a separate, sectional, longitudinal view of the rotator and obturator.
  • FIGURE 3 is an end view of FIGURE 2.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing represents a rifled gun barrel having a breech block 11, containing a charge 12 and a projectile 13, having a tapered rear boat tail section14.
  • an annular engraving disc of plastic or soft metal having a larger outside diameter than the projectile and the gun barrel 10 and adapted to function as both a rotator and an obturator.
  • the disc generally has a longitudinal section similar to an eye-beam as shown more particularly in FIG. 2, and is provided with peripheral flanges 16 and 17, the inside inclination of the forward flange 16 is the same as the taper on the boat tail section 14 and is adapted to fit thereon as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the disc 15 when fitted to the tapered boat tail section, may be lightly cemented to the projectile so as to make an airtight joint therewith.
  • the inner periphery of the forward flange 16 is provided with an annular recess 18 which when fitted to the boat tail section 14 of the projectile becomes a closed chamber.
  • the center section 19 of the disc 15 is also provided with an annular recess 20 on the forward face, which when fitted on the projectile also becomes a closed chamber. Vents 21 and 22 through the disc 15 are provided to connect the recesses 18 and 20 respectively with the rear side of the disc 15 and are adapted to admit the high pressure combustion gases from the charge 12 to both of the annular recesses.
  • FIG. 2 shows an end view of the device looking down the gun barrel and shows the arrangements of the vents 21 and 22 connecting the annular recesses 18 and 20 with the rear side of the disc 15.
  • the disc 15 In operation when the charge 12 is fired the disc 15 is squeezed in the gun barrel and moves with the projectile 13 and follows the rifling of the bore to impart the desired spin to the projectile.
  • the disc 15, being of larger diameter than the projectile, fits the barrel tightly and contains the high pressure combustion gases of the charge 12 and permits the projectile 13 to obtain the maximum effect of the charge 12.
  • the disc is designed and does function, as both an obturator and a rotator.
  • the high pressure of the combustion gases on the rear side of the disc 15 moves the projectile and also assists in maintaining the disc 15 on the projectile 13 as it moves through the gun barrel 10.
  • the high pressure combustion gases of the charge seep through the vents 21 and 22 to the annular recesses 18 and 20 and build up a correspondingly high pressure in these same recesses and as the projectile leaves the gun the pressure on the rear side of the disc 15 drops materially to approximately atmospheric pressure, and the difference in pressure between the high pressure in the annular recesses acting on the boat tail section of the projectile and the normal pressure on the rear side of the disc 15 causes the disc to sepa rate from the projectile and be discarded.
  • the combined obturator and rotator has then performed the desired function and is discarded from the projectile which then may proceed in full flight without any excess weight and with the low drag shape afforded by the tapered boat tail section.
  • a gun tube a projectile therein having a tapered boat tail rear section, an annular disc adapted to function both as an obturator and a rotator, said disc being of greater diameter than the diameter of the projectile and having a forward and a rear face, both faces being encircled by peripheral flanges forming hollowed-out portions therein, the hollowed portion of the forward face having the same inside conformation as the outside taper of the boat tail section, an annular recess in the surface of the hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, said disc secured to the boat tail section in an air-tight connection to cover and seal said annular recess, spaced vents connecting said annular recess with the hollowed portion of the rear face of the disc to admit combustion gases into said annular recess when the gun is fired, said disc after discharge from the gun being separated from the projectile by the difference in pressure between the high pressure of the combustion gases in said annular recess and the normal air pressure on the rear face of the disc.
  • a gun tube having a charge and a projectile, said projectile having a tapered boat tail rear section, an annular disc interposed between the charge and the projectile adapted to function both as an obturator and a rotator, said disc being of greater diameter than the diameter of the projectile and having a forward and a rear face, both faces being encircled by peripheral flanges forming hollowed-out portions with the shape of a truncated cone, the hollowed portion of the forward face having the same inside conformation as the outside taper of the boat tail section of the projectile, an annular recess in the interior side surface of the truncated cone shaped hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, a second annular recess in the truncated base of the hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, both of said recesses being in planes parallel to each other and to the plane of the peripheral flanges forming the larger base of the truncated cone shaped hollow portion,

Description

Sept. 25, 1962 1-1. ROSENTHAL DISCARDING OBTURATOR AND ROTATOR FOR PROJECTILES Filed Dec. 8, 1960 INVENTOR. H E n 5 e nch a1 Hal-u" i lflazaqu, 61.3. QIpo-JQ ZC. ow
United StatesPatent O 3,055,268 DISCARDING OBTURATOR AND ROTATOR FOR PROJECTILES Henry Rosenthal, 1210 12th St. NW., Washington 5, D.C. Filed Dec. 8, 1960, Ser. No. 74,737 2 Claims. (Cl. 89--1) (Granted under Title 35, US. Code (1952), see. 266) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to a device for thin wall explosive projectiles for cannon and recoilless rifles that is both a rotator and an obturator.
The present trend, in the manufacture of explosive projectiles, is toward thin walls which have many obvious advantages. However where welded overlay bands are used, the thin wall of the projectile tends to yield when the band is engraving in the rifling. This means that for the conventional rotating band the base end of the projectile must be thickened so that it will be sufficiently strong under the band seat and the projectile must carry the additional weight while in flight.
Projectiles are now designed with a tapered boat tail rear section to reduce the weight and to cut down the drag While the projectile is in flight. It is therefore desirable to move the rotator and obturator further to the rear of the projectile to take advantage of the increased strength in the tapered portion. In addition, with a boat tail projectile, the rotator and obturator can more readily be discharged from the projectile immediately upon its leaving the gun barrel, so that the full flight of the projectile is made with low drag shape afforded by the boat tail.
It is therefore the object of this invention to provide a device that acts both as a rotator and as an obturator for a projectile which device is so constructed as to be discarded upon leaving the gun barrel.
In the drawing:
FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gun barrel, the rotator and obturator, with a partial sectional view of the projectile;
FIGURE 2 is a separate, sectional, longitudinal view of the rotator and obturator; and
FIGURE 3 is an end view of FIGURE 2.
Referring to FIG. 1 of the drawing, represents a rifled gun barrel having a breech block 11, containing a charge 12 and a projectile 13, having a tapered rear boat tail section14. Interposed between the projectile 13 and the charge 12 is an annular engraving disc of plastic or soft metal having a larger outside diameter than the projectile and the gun barrel 10 and adapted to function as both a rotator and an obturator. The disc generally has a longitudinal section similar to an eye-beam as shown more particularly in FIG. 2, and is provided with peripheral flanges 16 and 17, the inside inclination of the forward flange 16 is the same as the taper on the boat tail section 14 and is adapted to fit thereon as shown in FIG. 1. The disc 15 when fitted to the tapered boat tail section, may be lightly cemented to the projectile so as to make an airtight joint therewith. The inner periphery of the forward flange 16 is provided with an annular recess 18 which when fitted to the boat tail section 14 of the projectile becomes a closed chamber. The center section 19 of the disc 15 is also provided with an annular recess 20 on the forward face, which when fitted on the projectile also becomes a closed chamber. Vents 21 and 22 through the disc 15 are provided to connect the recesses 18 and 20 respectively with the rear side of the disc 15 and are adapted to admit the high pressure combustion gases from the charge 12 to both of the annular recesses.
The combined rotator and obturator is shown in a ice separate sectional view in FIG. 2 identical with that illustrated in FIG. 1, in order to show clearly the arrangement of the annular recesses. FIG. 3 shows an end view of the device looking down the gun barrel and shows the arrangements of the vents 21 and 22 connecting the annular recesses 18 and 20 with the rear side of the disc 15.
In operation when the charge 12 is fired the disc 15 is squeezed in the gun barrel and moves with the projectile 13 and follows the rifling of the bore to impart the desired spin to the projectile. The disc 15, being of larger diameter than the projectile, fits the barrel tightly and contains the high pressure combustion gases of the charge 12 and permits the projectile 13 to obtain the maximum effect of the charge 12. Thus, the disc is designed and does function, as both an obturator and a rotator.
When the charge 12 is fired, the high pressure of the combustion gases on the rear side of the disc 15 moves the projectile and also assists in maintaining the disc 15 on the projectile 13 as it moves through the gun barrel 10. During the movement of the projectile 13 and the disc 15 through the barrel of the gun 10, the high pressure combustion gases of the charge seep through the vents 21 and 22 to the annular recesses 18 and 20 and build up a correspondingly high pressure in these same recesses and as the projectile leaves the gun the pressure on the rear side of the disc 15 drops materially to approximately atmospheric pressure, and the difference in pressure between the high pressure in the annular recesses acting on the boat tail section of the projectile and the normal pressure on the rear side of the disc 15 causes the disc to sepa rate from the projectile and be discarded.
The combined obturator and rotator has then performed the desired function and is discarded from the projectile which then may proceed in full flight without any excess weight and with the low drag shape afforded by the tapered boat tail section.
Having particularly described this invention, what is claimed is:
1. A gun tube, a projectile therein having a tapered boat tail rear section, an annular disc adapted to function both as an obturator and a rotator, said disc being of greater diameter than the diameter of the projectile and having a forward and a rear face, both faces being encircled by peripheral flanges forming hollowed-out portions therein, the hollowed portion of the forward face having the same inside conformation as the outside taper of the boat tail section, an annular recess in the surface of the hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, said disc secured to the boat tail section in an air-tight connection to cover and seal said annular recess, spaced vents connecting said annular recess with the hollowed portion of the rear face of the disc to admit combustion gases into said annular recess when the gun is fired, said disc after discharge from the gun being separated from the projectile by the difference in pressure between the high pressure of the combustion gases in said annular recess and the normal air pressure on the rear face of the disc.
'2. The combination of a gun tube having a charge and a projectile, said projectile having a tapered boat tail rear section, an annular disc interposed between the charge and the projectile adapted to function both as an obturator and a rotator, said disc being of greater diameter than the diameter of the projectile and having a forward and a rear face, both faces being encircled by peripheral flanges forming hollowed-out portions with the shape of a truncated cone, the hollowed portion of the forward face having the same inside conformation as the outside taper of the boat tail section of the projectile, an annular recess in the interior side surface of the truncated cone shaped hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, a second annular recess in the truncated base of the hollow portion of the forward face of the disc, both of said recesses being in planes parallel to each other and to the plane of the peripheral flanges forming the larger base of the truncated cone shaped hollow portion, said disc secured to the boat tail section in air tight connection to cover and seal both of said annular recesses, spaced vents separately connecting each annular recess with the hollowed portion of the rear face of the disc to admit combustion gases into said annular recesses when the gun is fired, said disc being separated from the projectile after discharge from the References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS France May 30, 1936 France Feb. 10, 1941
US74737A 1960-12-08 1960-12-08 Discarding obturator and rotator for projectiles Expired - Lifetime US3055268A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120185A (en) * 1962-05-25 1964-02-04 Henry S Lipinski Separate loading ammunition ramming assist
US3185094A (en) * 1962-06-20 1965-05-25 Rheinmetall Gmbh Cartridge case extension piece for use with projectiles
US3186342A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-06-01 Jr Albert S Hancock Two-stage bullet
US3225655A (en) * 1964-05-25 1965-12-28 Gen Dynamics Corp Controlled tip-off launcher
US3311061A (en) * 1964-06-25 1967-03-28 Ehoy C Roehrdanz Sabot
US3400661A (en) * 1966-05-13 1968-09-10 John M. Coon Projectile
US3431815A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-03-11 Us Army Discardable rotating band
FR2256393A1 (en) * 1973-12-28 1975-07-25 Pulsepower Systems
US3927618A (en) * 1971-03-29 1975-12-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Sabot projectile
FR2357859A1 (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-02-03 Dynamit Nobel Ag SABOT PROJECTILE
US5182419A (en) * 1978-05-26 1993-01-26 Asi Systems International Saboted projectile
US5359938A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-11-01 Olin Corporation Ultra light weight sabot
US20090064887A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-03-12 Udo Winter Cartridge
US20100180789A1 (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-07-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Disk-shaped sabot
US20170010081A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
US10502515B2 (en) * 2017-01-17 2019-12-10 Raytheon Company Launch piston brake
US20220252382A1 (en) * 2019-04-26 2022-08-11 University Of Kansas Maneuvering aeromechanically stable sabot system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR801987A (en) * 1935-05-08 1936-08-24 Brev Etudes Soc Improvements to firearms or other
FR865025A (en) * 1939-07-29 1941-05-12 Aerodynamic projectile with a provisional cylindrical base intended to be abandoned upon departure of the projectile

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR801987A (en) * 1935-05-08 1936-08-24 Brev Etudes Soc Improvements to firearms or other
FR865025A (en) * 1939-07-29 1941-05-12 Aerodynamic projectile with a provisional cylindrical base intended to be abandoned upon departure of the projectile

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120185A (en) * 1962-05-25 1964-02-04 Henry S Lipinski Separate loading ammunition ramming assist
US3185094A (en) * 1962-06-20 1965-05-25 Rheinmetall Gmbh Cartridge case extension piece for use with projectiles
US3186342A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-06-01 Jr Albert S Hancock Two-stage bullet
US3225655A (en) * 1964-05-25 1965-12-28 Gen Dynamics Corp Controlled tip-off launcher
US3311061A (en) * 1964-06-25 1967-03-28 Ehoy C Roehrdanz Sabot
US3400661A (en) * 1966-05-13 1968-09-10 John M. Coon Projectile
US3431815A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-03-11 Us Army Discardable rotating band
US3927618A (en) * 1971-03-29 1975-12-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Sabot projectile
FR2256393A1 (en) * 1973-12-28 1975-07-25 Pulsepower Systems
FR2357859A1 (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-02-03 Dynamit Nobel Ag SABOT PROJECTILE
US5182419A (en) * 1978-05-26 1993-01-26 Asi Systems International Saboted projectile
US5359938A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-11-01 Olin Corporation Ultra light weight sabot
US20090064887A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-03-12 Udo Winter Cartridge
US8037830B2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2011-10-18 Udo Winter Cartridge
US20100180789A1 (en) * 2007-07-18 2010-07-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Disk-shaped sabot
US20170010081A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
US9664487B2 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-05-30 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
US10502515B2 (en) * 2017-01-17 2019-12-10 Raytheon Company Launch piston brake
US20220252382A1 (en) * 2019-04-26 2022-08-11 University Of Kansas Maneuvering aeromechanically stable sabot system
US11852447B2 (en) * 2019-04-26 2023-12-26 The University Of Kansas Maneuvering aeromechanically stable sabot system

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