US3050951A - Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like - Google Patents
Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3050951A US3050951A US809974A US80997459A US3050951A US 3050951 A US3050951 A US 3050951A US 809974 A US809974 A US 809974A US 80997459 A US80997459 A US 80997459A US 3050951 A US3050951 A US 3050951A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- receptacle
- sealant
- container
- tank
- fluid
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
- F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
- F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
- F17C2203/013—Reinforcing means in the vessel, e.g. columns
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0354—Wood
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0171—Trucks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0186—Applications for fluid transport or storage in the air or in space
- F17C2270/0189—Planes
Definitions
- the prior art schemes offer a number of important drawbacks.
- the tanks used in the specially tted ships consist of an outer steel shell which is secured about la balsa wood insulating hner. An allwelded aluminum inner shell is then fastened inside the balsa wall insulation. These tanks are supported on foundation beams which must be carefully designed and properly placed in order to provide uniform support for the tanks and in order to protect the transporting vessel las well as the tanks from load concentration stresses.
- An important object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a container for cold uids which is buoyantly supported and which therefore obviates excessive load concentrations in the transporting vehicle and in the container.
- the inner tank employed in the prior art schemes has proved to be the focus of a number of impor-tant problems.
- This inner tank must be constructed of a material which is capable of withstanding the extremely low temperature of the liquefied natural gas.
- Expensively constructed inner tanks of aluminum or nickel alloy steel have proved to be the only satisfactory arrangement heretofore; ⁇ and even these special inner tanks are susceptible .t failure upon the repeated thermal stressing encountered during loading and unloading of the natural gas cargo. Any discontinuities which might develop in the inner tank from thermal fatigue stress or from the failure of a weldment obviously can lead to loss of the cargo or the incurrence of a substantial safety hazard.
- another important objec-t of the present invention is to provide a container for transporting liqueiied gases which incorp-orates self-sealing receptacle for the liquefied gas.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a container for transporting liquefied gases which incorporates a non-metallic receptacle which is not deleteriously atfeoted by the thermal expansion and contraction incurred in loading and unloading of the natural gas cargo.
- the tanks lof the prior art have also presented a substantial disadvantage in that the tanks must necessarily be constructed in the shipyard as an integral part of the transporting vessel. Such construction has proved to be expensive, ineflicient and wasteful of valuable shipyard space and time.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a container for transporting liquefied gases which is susceptible of construction independent from its transporting means and which is readily inserted in and removed from various transporting means.
- a still further object of the invention is to provide a container for transporting liquefied gases which does not require construction to close dimensional tolerances.
- a yet further object of the invention is to provide a novel method of containing liquefied gases for transporta tion at substantially atmospheric pressure.
- the structure in accordance with the invention includes a rigid, closured, thermally insulating receptacle buoyantly supported in a mobile, sealant fluid, there being means restraining the receptacle against the buoyancy.
- FIG. l is a fragmentary perspective view of the container of the invention, showing the container being lowered into place in a supporting structure;
- FIG. 2 is an elevational view in section showing the container of the invention in its empty condition
- FIG. 3 is an elevational view in section showing the container of the invention iilled with liqueed gas
- FIG. 4 is a top plan View in section showing an embodiment of the invention which incorporates cribbing;
- FIG. 5 is a detailed view in section illustrating the manner in which the thermally insulating receptacle is automatically sealed in case a discontinuity develops;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic side elevational view of a cargo ship, partially broken away to reveal details in accordance vwith the invention
- FIG. 7 is a view through the section 7-7 of FIG. 6;
- FIG. S is a schematic side elevational view of a cargo ship, partially broken away to reveal details of another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a View through the section 9-9 of FIG. 8;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic side elevational view in partial section showing the container of the invention embodied for transportation in a railroad car;
- FIG. 11 is a view through the section 11-11 of FIG. 10.
- FIG. 12 is an end ⁇ elevational view in section showing a variation in the means of mounting the container of the invention in a railroad car.
- a supporting structure 20 which includes a number of apertures 22.
- Each aperture 22 is adapted to receive a container unit 24 which may be filled with some liquefied gas, such as liqueiied natural gas. Accordingly, the liquefied gas may be transported by transporting the structure 20.
- a generalized embodiment of the container is shown to include a liquidtight tank 26 which may be fabricated from steel or other suitable material and which may be comprised of a body portion 28 suitably complemented by a cover portion Sti, the former having a sealant lluid drain valve 32 and the latter having a closure assembly 34 and a sealant fluid reservoir and standpipe unit 36.
- a thermally insulating receptacle 3S is provided within the tank 26, being spaced apart therefrom by the intervening chamber 4t) and being restrained against upward movement by the cover portion 30.
- this sealant fiuid buoyantly supports the receptacle 38, substantially surrounding the receptacle 38 even to the extent of separating receptacle 38 from the cover portion by a thin film 46.
- fluid 42 is selected to possess a specific gravity higher than the specific gravity of the liquefied gas which is to be contained in the receptacle 38.
- reclaimed crankcase oil has proved suitable for use as the sealant fluid.
- closure assembly 34 and receptacle 38 possess a common filling orifice 48 through which the liquefied gas may be introduced into the yreceptacle 38. It has proved advantageous to incorporate a relief valve unit 50, whereby vapors rising through the cold liquefied gas may be vented to the atmosphere.
- the receptacle 38 is preferably constructed of a rigid insulating material; and in one specific -embodiment it has proved advantageous to construct receptacle 38 from a redwood liner 52 cross-laminated to a balsa wood outer shell 54, using suitable adhesive.
- This construction makes use of a more durable interior for protecting the insulation against the damaging effects of the liquefied gas contents, particularly against the effects of rapid gas expansion in a part of the insulation which is suddenly relieved of contact with the liquefied contents.
- container unit 24 When receptacle 33 is properly supported in the tank 26 by the fluid 42, container unit 24 may be charged with its cargo. Accordingly, a quantity of liquefied gas 56 may be introduced into the receptacle 38 through the filling orifice 48. Charging of the liquefied gas may be advantageously Aaccompanied by ⁇ charging of the sealant fluid, the levels of the two Ibeing raised correspondingly to avoid undue stressing of the receptacle.
- the liquefied gas 56 Since it is intended to transport the liquefied gas 56 at substantially atmospheric pressure, it will be recognized that the liquefied gas 56 must necessarily be introduced at extremely low temperature. For example, liquefied natural gas is ordinarily transported at a temperature of approximately 260 F. This extremely low temperature causes contraction and shrink-age of the receptacle 38 upon its being filled with the liquefied gas.
- chamber becomes enlarged; and quantities of the sealant fluid 42 are withdrawn from the reservoir -unit 36 accommodating this enlargement so as to eliminate voids adjacent the Walls of receptacle 38. Elimination of these voids insures ⁇ uniform support of and prevents stresses from building up in the receptacle 38.
- Container 24 in its filled condition is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- a plug 58 may kbe inserted into the filling orifice 48 to engage ya sealing gasket 60. Subsequently, a cap 62 may be app-lied to the closure assembly 34 ito seal the plug 58 against the gasket 60, as by drawing the cap 62 down against cover portion 30, using a number of bolts 64.
- vertical longitudinal bracing 66 and vertical lateral bracing 68 may be employed in order to support the walls of receptacle 38a against the pressure of fiuid 42a and in order to eliminate splash and swash within the receptacle.
- Bracing 66 and bracing 68 may -be fashioned from some suitable material, such as hardwood.
- sealant fiuid 42 is maintained at a pressure higher than that exhibited by the liquefied gas 56 for this purpose, as by the employ of reservoir and standpipe unit 36, and is further selected to display a higher density and a higher viscosity than the liquefied gas.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 there will be seen a cargo vessel shown generally at 88, including the vessel structure 82 and bulkheads 84.
- the bulkheads 84 define within the structure 82 a number of chambers 86 into each of which a liquefied gas receptacle 88 may be inserted.
- the receptacle 88 may be constructed from a redwood liner 96 and a balsa wood outer shell 92 as previously described with reference to receptacle. 38.
- Chamber 86 is appropriately lled with a sealant iiuid 94 from a reservoir and standpipe unit 96 in order to provide buoyant support for the receptacle 88.
- Fluid 94 also provides viscous damping of the receptacle 88 against the shock or twisting of the container due to movements of the vessel 80, particularly movements associated with pitch and roll.
- a number of hatches 98 are constructed from girders, or other similar elements, and are adapted to restrain the .receptacle 88 against the buoyant support of the fiuid 94.
- the hatches 98 may be secured tothe structure 82 and the bulkheads 84 in any one of a number of suitable manners.
- quantities of liquefied gas 180 may be fiiled into the receptacles 88 through filling valve units 102.
- a ship 86a may be adapted to employ its hull 104 as the liquid-tight tank for enclosing the sealant fluid 94, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
- a receptacle 88a may be rigidly supported, as by positioners 106, 108, 110, and 112.
- positioners 1i@ yand 112 from some suitable, resilient material, such as neoprene rubber.
- static pressure may be maintained in the uid 94 by means of a standpipe arrangement 96a, which is formed integrally with the hull 184.
- the receptacle 88a may be positioned by means of restraining roof member 114. lt is recognized, however, that a system of cables, not shown, may be equally as well employed to restrain the receptacle 88a.
- the receptacles 88 or the receptacles 88a may be easily removed for inspection or replacement or for purposes of converting the vessel 80 or the vessel 80a from a liquefied gas tanker to an oil tanker or to a cargo ship and vice versa.
- removal or insertion of the receptacles 88 or the receptacles 88a may be easily accomplished upon removal of the hatches 98 or the roof member 114 respectively.
- sealant fiuid 94 may conveniently take the form of a compatible cargo such as crude petroleum, palm oil, coconut oil and the like.
- the container of the invention may also be adapted for transport by railroad. Accordingly, there will be seen, in FIGS. lO-l2, a liquid-tight tank 12d suitably supported on a car bed 122, truck assemblies 124 being appropriately fastened beneath the bed 122. ln compliance with the invention, a cylindrical, liquefied gas receptacle 126 is provided inside the tank 120 so as to be surrounded and buoyantly supported by sealant fluid 128. Appropriately, a sealant fluid reservoir and standpipe unit 13d communicates with the chamber 132 which is defined between the tank 120 and the receptacle 126.
- the liquefied gas receptacle, receptacle 126 of the present embodiment may be constructed of a redwood inner liner 134 and a balsa Wood outer shell 136.
- a number of resilient supports 13d which may be ported for snubbing action and an axial load resisting member 140.
- a load resisting member 14d may advantageouslybe provided at each end of the tank 12d. It is recognized that, under certain circumstances, the supports 138 -may be dispensed with, allowing the receptacle 126 to be freely supported by the fluid 128, as is shown in FIG. l2.
- a quantity of liquefied gas 142 may be' introduced into the receptacle 126 by some convenient means, as by filling orifice 144. Orifice 144 may be closured by means of a plug 146.
- the container of the invention may additionally'be adapted for transport by trailer truck or by aircraft.
- a container for ltransporting cold fluids comprising an inner receptacle having all of its walls formed entirely of non-metallic insulating material, an outer tank formed of impermeable, temperature-conducting material, the c0- efiicient of expansion of the inner receptacle being generally uniform throughout, ythe receptacle and the tank being free to contract, expand and change shape -independently of one another under the influence of thermochanges, said outer tank spacedly surrounding said inner receptacle, sealant fluid filling the space between the receptacle and the tank and enveloping said receptacle in contact therewith, each wall of said receptacle being of sufficient thickness to continuously maintain the entire body of said sealant fiuid in a fluid condition when said inner receptacle contains cold fluids, and means for maintaining said sealant fluid at :a pressure higher than that exhibited by the cold fluids within the receptacle.
- Means for transporting cold iiuids comprising an outer tank formed ⁇ of impermeable heat-conducting material, an inner receptacle formed solely of insulating material, the coefficient of expansion of said inner receptacle being generally uniform throughout, Ithe receptacle and the tank being free to contract, expand and change shape independently of one another under the influence of thermochanges, said outer .tank spacedly surrounding said inner receptacle, sealant fluid substantially filling the space between the receptacle and the tank and enveloping said receptacle in contact with the insulating material of said receptacle, the entire inner receptacle being formed of a non-metallic material of high insulating properties to preclude temperature conduction between said inner receptacle and said sealant fluid in order to continuously maintain the entire body of lsaid sealant fluid in a fluid state when said inner receptacle contains cold fluid.
- Means for transporting cold fluids comprising an outer tank formed of impermeable temperature-conducting material, an inner receptacle formed entirely of nonmetallic insulating material, the coeicient of expansion ⁇ of said inner receptacle being generally uniform throughout, the receptacle and the tank being free to contract, expand yand change shape independently of one another under the influence of thermochanges, said outer tank spacedly surrounding said inner receptacle, sealant fluid substantially filling the space between the receptacle and the tank and enveloping said receptacle in Lcontact With the outer surface of the insulating material of said receptacle and in contact With the inner surface of said outer tank, said insulating material being of suiicient thickness to ⁇ continuously maintain the entire body of said sealant fiuid in fluid condition' when said receptacle contains cold iiuids land means for maintaining said sealant fluid at a pressure higher than that exhibited by the cold tiuids within ⁇ said
- a method of containing liquefied gases for transportation at substantially atmospheric pressure oharacterized by the steps of surrounding a quantity of said liquefied gases With a receptacle formed entirely of nonnietallic insulating material, surrounding said receptacle with a sealant fluid, surrounding said sealant fluid With a Wall formed ⁇ of impermeable, temperature-conducting material, continuously maintaining said liquefied gases in intimate con-tact with the inner surface of said receptacle of insulating material, continuously maintaining the entire body of said sealant fluid in fluid condition, continuously maintaining said sealant fluid in intimate contact with the outer surface of said receptacle of insulating material and maintaining said sealant fluid under pressure whereby said sealant fluid is caused to enter discontinuities in said receptacle to solidify therein and to seal said receptacle against leakage.
- Means for transporting cold iiuids comprising an outer tank formed of impermeable temperature-conducting material, an inner receptacle formed solely of nonmetallic insulating material, the coefficient of expansion of said inner receptacle being generally uniform throughout, the receptacle and the tank being free to contract, expand and change shape independently of one another under the influence of thermochanges, said outer tank spacedly surrounding said inner receptacle, sealant fluid substantially filling the space between the receptacle and the tank and enveloping said receptacle in contact with the insulating material of said receptacle, said insulating material being of sufficient thickness to continuously maintain the entire body of said sealant fluid in a fluid condition when said inner receptacle contains cold fiuid.
- aosassi 7 The method of transporting cold fluids which comprises the steps of vclosing a -body of cold liuid within a receptacle formed solely of non-metallic insulating material, surroundingsaid insulating material with a body of sealant fluid, continuously maintaining said cold iluid in continuous Contact with the inner surface of said insulating material, continuously maintaining said sealant liuid in continuous Contact with the outer surface of said insulating material, surrounding said sealant fluid with temperatureconducting material, continuously maintaining the entire body of sealant iiuid in a iiuid condition and continuously maintaining a pressure differential between said sealant uid and said cold Huid whereby said sealant fluid is caused to enter discontinuities occurring in said insulating material to seal said discontinuities within said insulating material.
- Means for transporting cold fluids comprising a container formed of temperature-conducting, liquid imper' vious material, a receptacle formed entirely of non-metallic insulating material positioned within said container and having its outer surface spaced at all points from the inner surface of said container, and a supply of sealant fluid lling the space between said container and receptacle and in Contact with the inner surface of said container and with the outer surface of said receptacle, said insulating material being of suicient thickness to continuously maintain the entire supply of said sealant iluid in a fluid condition when said receptacle contains cold fluids.
- Means for transporting cold fluids comprising a container formed of heat-conducting, liquid impervious material, a receptacle formed of insulating material positioned Within said container and having its outer surface spaced at all points from the inner surface of said container, and a supply of sealant fluid filling the space between said container and receptacle and in contact with the inner surface of said container and with the outer surface of said receptacle, and means for automatically replenishing the supply of said sealant iluid.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL251009D NL251009A (ja) | 1959-04-30 | ||
BE590271D BE590271A (ja) | 1959-04-30 | ||
US809974A US3050951A (en) | 1959-04-30 | 1959-04-30 | Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like |
FR820319A FR1252308A (fr) | 1959-04-30 | 1960-03-03 | Réservoir et procédé de transport de gaz liquéfiés |
GB14432/60A GB947059A (en) | 1959-04-30 | 1960-04-25 | Improvements in containers for cold fluids and methods of containing such fluids |
DEG29557A DE1165054B (de) | 1959-04-30 | 1960-04-28 | Vorrichtung zum Transport tiefsiedender verfluessigter Gase |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US809974A US3050951A (en) | 1959-04-30 | 1959-04-30 | Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3050951A true US3050951A (en) | 1962-08-28 |
Family
ID=25202645
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US809974A Expired - Lifetime US3050951A (en) | 1959-04-30 | 1959-04-30 | Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3050951A (ja) |
BE (1) | BE590271A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE1165054B (ja) |
GB (1) | GB947059A (ja) |
NL (1) | NL251009A (ja) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3136135A (en) * | 1961-08-22 | 1964-06-09 | Shell Oil Co | Shipping liquefied gases |
US3158459A (en) * | 1960-03-22 | 1964-11-24 | & Chantiers De La Seine Mariti | Self-discharging container for conveying and storing low temperature fluids or othermaterials |
US3265125A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1966-08-09 | United Aircraft Corp | Radiator sealing scheme |
US3270700A (en) * | 1964-07-13 | 1966-09-06 | Vehoc Corp | Shipboard installation of elongated pressure vessels |
US3359745A (en) * | 1966-04-19 | 1967-12-26 | Mcmullen John J | System for protecting non-cryogenic material from low temperatures and controlling liquefied gas boil-off rate |
US3395548A (en) * | 1966-11-07 | 1968-08-06 | Mcmullen John J | Vessel for transporting liquefied gas at about ambient pressure |
US4715186A (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1987-12-29 | Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. | Coolant preservation container |
US6640554B2 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2003-11-04 | Chart Inc. | Containment module for transportable liquid natural gas dispensing station |
US6857287B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2005-02-22 | Altech Controls Corporation | Refrigeration cycle |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1927521A (en) * | 1931-05-02 | 1933-09-19 | Carl B Lancaster | Water dispenser |
US2650478A (en) * | 1952-02-26 | 1953-09-01 | Union Stock Yards & Transit Co | Method and apparatus for shipping and storing combustible gases |
US2798364A (en) * | 1953-07-08 | 1957-07-09 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons |
US2817218A (en) * | 1954-08-18 | 1957-12-24 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Method for stopping leaks in tanks |
US2859895A (en) * | 1955-04-06 | 1958-11-11 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Insulating tank for cold boiling liquids |
US2863297A (en) * | 1955-03-29 | 1958-12-09 | Herrick L Johnston Inc | Method and apparatus for storing liquified gases |
US2911125A (en) * | 1958-07-09 | 1959-11-03 | Constock Int Methane Ltd | Storage tank for cold liquids |
US2933902A (en) * | 1955-12-12 | 1960-04-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Transportation of liquefied gases |
US2952987A (en) * | 1956-10-09 | 1960-09-20 | Texaco Inc | Apparatus for the maintenance of liquefied petroleum products and method of manufacture thereof |
US2963873A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1960-12-13 | Texas Gas Transmission Corp | Method and apparatus for storing liquefied gases |
-
0
- BE BE590271D patent/BE590271A/xx unknown
- NL NL251009D patent/NL251009A/xx unknown
-
1959
- 1959-04-30 US US809974A patent/US3050951A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1960
- 1960-04-25 GB GB14432/60A patent/GB947059A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-04-28 DE DEG29557A patent/DE1165054B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1927521A (en) * | 1931-05-02 | 1933-09-19 | Carl B Lancaster | Water dispenser |
US2650478A (en) * | 1952-02-26 | 1953-09-01 | Union Stock Yards & Transit Co | Method and apparatus for shipping and storing combustible gases |
US2798364A (en) * | 1953-07-08 | 1957-07-09 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons |
US2817218A (en) * | 1954-08-18 | 1957-12-24 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Method for stopping leaks in tanks |
US2863297A (en) * | 1955-03-29 | 1958-12-09 | Herrick L Johnston Inc | Method and apparatus for storing liquified gases |
US2859895A (en) * | 1955-04-06 | 1958-11-11 | Constock Liquid Methane Corp | Insulating tank for cold boiling liquids |
US2933902A (en) * | 1955-12-12 | 1960-04-26 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Transportation of liquefied gases |
US2952987A (en) * | 1956-10-09 | 1960-09-20 | Texaco Inc | Apparatus for the maintenance of liquefied petroleum products and method of manufacture thereof |
US2963873A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1960-12-13 | Texas Gas Transmission Corp | Method and apparatus for storing liquefied gases |
US2911125A (en) * | 1958-07-09 | 1959-11-03 | Constock Int Methane Ltd | Storage tank for cold liquids |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3158459A (en) * | 1960-03-22 | 1964-11-24 | & Chantiers De La Seine Mariti | Self-discharging container for conveying and storing low temperature fluids or othermaterials |
US3136135A (en) * | 1961-08-22 | 1964-06-09 | Shell Oil Co | Shipping liquefied gases |
US3265125A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1966-08-09 | United Aircraft Corp | Radiator sealing scheme |
US3270700A (en) * | 1964-07-13 | 1966-09-06 | Vehoc Corp | Shipboard installation of elongated pressure vessels |
US3359745A (en) * | 1966-04-19 | 1967-12-26 | Mcmullen John J | System for protecting non-cryogenic material from low temperatures and controlling liquefied gas boil-off rate |
US3395548A (en) * | 1966-11-07 | 1968-08-06 | Mcmullen John J | Vessel for transporting liquefied gas at about ambient pressure |
US4715186A (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1987-12-29 | Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. | Coolant preservation container |
US6857287B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2005-02-22 | Altech Controls Corporation | Refrigeration cycle |
US6640554B2 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2003-11-04 | Chart Inc. | Containment module for transportable liquid natural gas dispensing station |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1165054B (de) | 1964-03-12 |
NL251009A (ja) | |
BE590271A (ja) | |
GB947059A (en) | 1964-01-22 |
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