Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/1814—Chelates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/1886—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof naphthenic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
  • C10L1/189—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof having at least one carboxyl group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
  • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

• This invention relates to the running-in of various engines and is particularly directed to an improved method of running-in engines quickly and efficiently, and to compositions therefor.
• Running-in or breaking-in engines is generally essential so as to prevent-excessively high pressures from building up when the piston rings and cylinder bores are not properly mated and thereby scuffing or galling of the piston rings and cylinder bores. Also, if the engine parts are not mated properly more oil is generally exposed to the combustion gases, resulting in greater oil consumption and deposit formation. This problem is fm'ther aggravated by materials of construction which resist wear and the long periods of time which are at present required for running-in engines which results in increase in costs.
• abrasive forming materials such as iron carbonyl
• abrasive forming materials such as iron carbonyl
• the use of known abrasive materials or abrasive forming materials generally is undesirable because of their own tendency to cause damage to contacting metal surfaces and form deposits.
• the chromium compounds employed in oil-fuel mixtures of this invention are selected from (I) oil-soluble neutral or basic chromium salts of alkyl (straight or branch-chain) salicylic acid and (II) oil-soluble chromium salts of diketones.
• the chromium salts of (I) are neutral and basic chromium salts of alkyl salicylic acid in which the alkyl group contains from 8 to 30, preferably 14 to 22, carbon atoms.
• Such compounds are neutral and basic chromium C alkyl, C1244 alkyl and C alkyl salicylates.
• the chromium compounds of (H) are chromium salts of acetyl acetone, diketones such as propionyl acetone, butyrylacetone, valeryl acetone, acetonyl acetone and their homologues.
• the chromium compounds are readily prepared by the double decomposition of the sodium salt of the salicylic acid or ketone with a chromium inorganic salt, e.g., chromium nitrate, in water or aqueous alcohol. 'The vice product can be separated by phase separation, filtration or solvent extraction. To avoid partial hydrolysis of'the chromium organic salt immediately upon double decomposition and before the separation of water, it is desirable to carry out the reaction in the presence of alcohol under distillation conditions, the chromium salt solution being added to an alcohol/water mixture of the sodium compound as the alcohol distills from the mixture, and at such a rate as to replace the distillate.
• a chromium inorganic salt e.g., chromium nitrate
• the mineral oil base is one having a viscosity indexof from about 30 to 60 and a viscosity range of from 10300 SUS at 100 F. derived from paratfinic, naphthenic or mixed base crudes.
• Mineral oils of this type which are particularly preferred are light distillate lubricating oils having a viscosity of 50l00 SUS at 100 R, such as spindle oil, light neutral oil, white spirits machine oil and the like.
• suitable viscosity and volatility are synthetic liquid bydrocarbons in the lubricating oil viscosity range.
• the amount of chromium compound-added to the fuel as a concentrate in a suitable oil e.g., a low viscosity index spindle oil of a viscosity range of 10-300 SUS at 100 F., preferably 50 SUS at 100 F. ranges from 1% to 20% or more.
• a suitable oil e.g., a low viscosity index spindle oil of a viscosity range of 10-300 SUS at 100 F., preferably 50 SUS at 100 F. ranges from 1% to 20% or more.
• the fuel can be of any type appropriate to the type of engine, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, etc.
• Fuel additives may be present in the fuels, such as may be found desirable to use in the normal running of an engine and these include anti-knock agents, cetane improvers, anti-oxidants, etc.
• the method of breaking-in engines according to the present invention may be employed in internal combustion engines generally, Whether of the spark-ignition or the compression ignition type and whether (in the latter case) the fuel charge is ultimately supplied invaporous form, by spray injection or by solid injection.
• the invention is likewise applicable to free piston engines, designed not for the direct delivery of power, but as generators of hot gas under pressure to the running, for ex ample, of a turbine unit.
• the engines to be run-in may be stationary, or they may be mobile, whether as propulsive units or asmobile power supply units or both.
• Example I A new car fitted with chromium plated top piston rings was stripped after the first 266 miles. The rings were examined and were found to show tool marks and some patches of light scufiing. One chromium plated ring was replaced and the car was run for miles on 4 gallons of a gasoline fuel to which was added of a pint of a concentrate, in a spindle oil of low viscosity index and of a viscosity of 50 SUS at F., of 1.5% by weight of chromium in the form of a chromium alkyl salicylate, giving a concentration in the fuel of 0.25 gram chromium per gallon.
• Example I a 3,050,3 9 Patented Aug. 21,1962- Other liquid hydrocarbon lubricants of fuel, the speeds were increased progressively up to the maximum of 70 m.p.h. at 150 miles. A careful check onthe oil consumption showed that it had run-in engine of '80 mm. bore and 82.5 mm. stroke) the effect of chromium alkyl salicylate is demonstrated in that a fuel containing 0.5 gm. Cr/tgallon used for 16' hours caused the chromium-plated top rim; to lose 0.0529 gm. in a comparative test-using iron carb'onyly at a concentration of'4lgms. Fe/gallonxthe loss was' only 0.0079 gm,
• ExampletlV 1 One pint of mineral oil containing 1% of basic QrC -m alkyl' salicylate, 4% Zn dialkyl dithiophosphate and 6.5% chlorinated parafiin waxwas added to six gal-,
• chromium compounds such as chromiumsalts of non-aromatic ,carboxylic acid such as naphthenic-acid, organic acid phosphates and the like are ,ineifective for running-in engines-because they cause r 4 deposit formation and large oil consumption.
• the invention is of particular advantage in engines employing chromium-plated or otherwise specially hardened piston rings.
• the chromium C alkyl 'salicylate being in a concentration of from about 0.1 to about 2.5 grams of chromium per gallon of mineral oil-fuel mixture.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10234691

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (6)

• 0
  • BE BE581520D patent/BE581520A/xx unknown
  • NL NL242167D patent/NL242167A/xx unknown
• 1958
  • 1958-08-12 GB GB25869/58A patent/GB841811A/en not_active Expired
• 1959
  • 1959-06-25 US US822738A patent/US3050379A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1959-08-10 FR FR802487A patent/FR1232157A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1959-08-10 CH CH7678859A patent/CH395642A/de unknown

Patent Citations (6)

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