US3030248A - Low friction molded fabric bearing - Google Patents

Low friction molded fabric bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3030248A
US3030248A US716458A US71645858A US3030248A US 3030248 A US3030248 A US 3030248A US 716458 A US716458 A US 716458A US 71645858 A US71645858 A US 71645858A US 3030248 A US3030248 A US 3030248A
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Prior art keywords
fabric
resin
low friction
yarn
bearing
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US716458A
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Leslie A Runton
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Russell Manufacturing Co
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Russell Manufacturing Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201Composition of the plastic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31544Addition polymer is perhalogenated
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2008Fabric composed of a fiber or strand which is of specific structural definition

Definitions

  • An object is to provide a fabric composed of a compound yarn having plies of low friction material and other plies composed of a bondable material so disposed that the low friction plies are exposed at the surface and the bondable plies are bonded by an impregnating resin.
  • Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type wherein the yarn contains a ply of shrinkable material which is adapted, when the fabric has been resin impregnated, to be shrunk for increasing the density of the fabric and forcing the low friction plies to the surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagramamtic view of a yarn embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the yarn of FIG. 1 after shrinking
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating a further embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the yarn of FIG. 3 after shrinking
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a fabric woven from the yarn of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a molded sheet made from the fabric of FIG. 5.
  • the yarn is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as composed of a core 10 of a shrinkable material.
  • the material may be of the heatshrinkable type such as continuous filament Dacron or polyethylene or may be wet-shrinkable, such as cotton.
  • Teflon tetrafluoroethylene
  • Kel-F monochlorotrifluoroethylene
  • a ply 12 of a bondable material such as cotton, spun Dacron or other synthetic material which is capable of bonding to a resin impregnant.
  • the ply 12 may be wound in the form of an open helix to expose the ply 11 between turns.
  • the yarn of FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIG. 1 except that the inner wrapping of low friction material consists of a multifilament yarn instead of the monofilament shown in FIG. 1. Also the outer wrapping 12 is omitted.
  • FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrate the form taken by the yarns of FIGS. 1 and 3 respectively after the core 10 has been shrunk to pull the wrappings into more compact helixes and to force the inner Wrapping 11 into exposed position.
  • the yarns above described prior to shrinking may be woven as warp chains with filler shots 14 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the filler shots are composed of a bondable material similar to the core 10 or the outer wrapping 12 above mentioned.
  • this fabric is impregnated with a bonding resin and molded under heat and pressure the plies 12 bond to the fillers 14 and thus secure the low friction plies 11 in place.
  • the fabric may be impregnated with a moldable bonding resin and dried but not cured.
  • the fabric may be impregnated with a high strength phenolic bonding resin derived from the reaction product of phenol, cresol or a homologue with formaldehyde under controlled conditions. The mixture is preheated to remove the solvent and the resin content polymerized until a residual volatile content of 5% to 7% is attained.
  • the drying temperature serves to heat shrink the cores 10 if the cores are formed of a heat-shrinkable material, or the moisture in the resin impregnant serves to shrink the cores if they are composed of a wet-shrinkable material such as cotton.
  • This shrinking of the cores serves to compact the weave and at the same time to force the low friction wrapping 11 to the surface. Since the fillers 14, the core 10 and the outer wrapping 12 are bondable to the resin these elements are bonded together in the fabric to produce a structure wherein the exposed low friction and non-bondable plies 11 are firmly secured in place by the bondable plies.
  • the impregnated fabric thus dried may be stored for subsequent use or may be shipped to a distant point for molding.
  • the fabric is then molded under heat and pressure into the form of a sheet 20 as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the conversion of the resin into a thermoset form may be accomplished at a temperature of 300 F. to 350 F. for from thirty to sixty minutes at pressures of 10 tons to tons, depending upon the area of the object being molded.
  • resin compositions may also be used as the impregnant, for example, polyvinylchloride or the epoxy resins.
  • the mold may be heated to the polymerizing temperature for polyvinylchloride i.e. 350 F. to 360 F. and immediately cooled to set the resin to solid form with the fabric embedded therein.
  • the epoxy resins are thermosetting and may be applied to the mold in the form of a molding powder.
  • the mixture is cured by heating to the proper temperature to convert the resin into the form of a solid body in which the fabric is embedded.
  • a bearing disc 25 is stamped out of the sheet 20. This disc 25 has low friction yarns exposed on both surfaces to constitute an anti-friction thrust bearing or seal which can be used for long periods of time without lubrication or excessive wear.
  • the disc may be used generally where self-lubricating seals or thrust bearings are required.
  • the sheet 20 may of course be formed into other shapes as required for bearings for example into the form of a cylinder or a half cylinder from which cylindrical or segmental bearings may be cut.
  • the sheet of the impregnated fabric may also be formed into a conical or hemispherical shape prior to curing to produce correspondingly shaped bearing elements.
  • a fabric for making a molded bearing composed of a compound yarn having a straight core of shrinkable organic material and a layer of a yarn composed of a member of the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene wrapped around said core and exposed at least in part at the surface of said fabric, and a moldable resin in the dried but uncured state impregnating said fabric.
  • a molded fabric bearing comprising a heat curable thermosetting resin in the hard compacted state character istic of a resin cured under heat and pressure, and a Woven fabric embedded therein and bonded thereby, said fabric being composed of a compound yarn having a straight 15 2,804,886

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

April 1962 L. AL RUNTON 3,030,248
LOW FRICTION MOLDED FABRIC BEARING Filed Feb. 20, 1958 /4 UVVENTOR 4554/5 A. Au/v TON ATTOENE'Y nite This invention relates to molded fabric bearings and more particularly to a fabric for such purposes having improved characteristics.
An object is to provide a fabric composed of a compound yarn having plies of low friction material and other plies composed of a bondable material so disposed that the low friction plies are exposed at the surface and the bondable plies are bonded by an impregnating resin.
Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type wherein the yarn contains a ply of shrinkable material which is adapted, when the fabric has been resin impregnated, to be shrunk for increasing the density of the fabric and forcing the low friction plies to the surface.
Other objects and advantages will be apparent as the nature of the invention is more fully disclosed.
The nature of the invention will be better understood by referring to the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which a specific embodiment has been set forth for purposes of illustration.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a diagramamtic view of a yarn embodying the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the yarn of FIG. 1 after shrinking;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating a further embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the yarn of FIG. 3 after shrinking;
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a fabric woven from the yarn of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a molded sheet made from the fabric of FIG. 5.
Referring to the drawing more in detail the yarn is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as composed of a core 10 of a shrinkable material. The material may be of the heatshrinkable type such as continuous filament Dacron or polyethylene or may be wet-shrinkable, such as cotton. A ply 11 of a low friction material of the polymeric fluorocarbon type, such as tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), monochlorotrifluoroethylene (Kel-F) resins and fluorothene is wrapped around the core 10 in a compact helix. Around the wrapping 11 is wound in the reverse direction a ply 12 of a bondable material such as cotton, spun Dacron or other synthetic material which is capable of bonding to a resin impregnant. The ply 12 may be wound in the form of an open helix to expose the ply 11 between turns.
The yarn of FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIG. 1 except that the inner wrapping of low friction material consists of a multifilament yarn instead of the monofilament shown in FIG. 1. Also the outer wrapping 12 is omitted.
FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrate the form taken by the yarns of FIGS. 1 and 3 respectively after the core 10 has been shrunk to pull the wrappings into more compact helixes and to force the inner Wrapping 11 into exposed position.
For making bearings the yarns above described prior to shrinking may be woven as warp chains with filler shots 14 as shown in FIG. 5.
The filler shots are composed of a bondable material similar to the core 10 or the outer wrapping 12 above mentioned. When this fabric is impregnated with a bonding resin and molded under heat and pressure the plies 12 bond to the fillers 14 and thus secure the low friction plies 11 in place.
States atent O i 3,030,248 Patented Apr. 17, 1962 The fabric may be impregnated with a moldable bonding resin and dried but not cured. For example, the fabric may be impregnated with a high strength phenolic bonding resin derived from the reaction product of phenol, cresol or a homologue with formaldehyde under controlled conditions. The mixture is preheated to remove the solvent and the resin content polymerized until a residual volatile content of 5% to 7% is attained.
The drying temperature serves to heat shrink the cores 10 if the cores are formed of a heat-shrinkable material, or the moisture in the resin impregnant serves to shrink the cores if they are composed of a wet-shrinkable material such as cotton. This shrinking of the cores serves to compact the weave and at the same time to force the low friction wrapping 11 to the surface. Since the fillers 14, the core 10 and the outer wrapping 12 are bondable to the resin these elements are bonded together in the fabric to produce a structure wherein the exposed low friction and non-bondable plies 11 are firmly secured in place by the bondable plies.
The impregnated fabric thus dried may be stored for subsequent use or may be shipped to a distant point for molding.
For forming the bearing the fabric is then molded under heat and pressure into the form of a sheet 20 as shown in FIG. 6. The conversion of the resin into a thermoset form may be accomplished at a temperature of 300 F. to 350 F. for from thirty to sixty minutes at pressures of 10 tons to tons, depending upon the area of the object being molded.
Other resin compositions may also be used as the impregnant, for example, polyvinylchloride or the epoxy resins.
In the case of a liquid, such as polyvinylchloride the mold may be heated to the polymerizing temperature for polyvinylchloride i.e. 350 F. to 360 F. and immediately cooled to set the resin to solid form with the fabric embedded therein.
The epoxy resins are thermosetting and may be applied to the mold in the form of a molding powder. The mixture is cured by heating to the proper temperature to convert the resin into the form of a solid body in which the fabric is embedded.
A bearing disc 25 is stamped out of the sheet 20. This disc 25 has low friction yarns exposed on both surfaces to constitute an anti-friction thrust bearing or seal which can be used for long periods of time without lubrication or excessive wear.
Although a specific use has been illustrated, the disc may be used generally where self-lubricating seals or thrust bearings are required.
The sheet 20 may of course be formed into other shapes as required for bearings for example into the form of a cylinder or a half cylinder from which cylindrical or segmental bearings may be cut. The sheet of the impregnated fabric may also be formed into a conical or hemispherical shape prior to curing to produce correspondingly shaped bearing elements.
What is claimed is:
1. A fabric for making a molded bearing composed of a compound yarn having a straight core of shrinkable organic material and a layer of a yarn composed of a member of the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene wrapped around said core and exposed at least in part at the surface of said fabric, and a moldable resin in the dried but uncured state impregnating said fabric.
2. A fabric for forming molded bearings embodying a compound yarn composed of a straight core of a shrinkable organic material which is capable of bonding to a resin impregnant a layer of a yarn composed of a member of the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene wrapped around said core in a given direction, an outer Wrapping of a yarn composed of a material capable ofbonding to a resin impregnant disposed around said first layer and wound in't'he opposite direction, yarns composed of a material capable of bonding to a resin impregnant crossing said first yarns and a resin impregnant in the dried but uncured state impregmating said fabric and bonding said bendable yarns together.
3. A molded fabric bearing comprising a heat curable thermosetting resin in the hard compacted state character istic of a resin cured under heat and pressure, and a Woven fabric embedded therein and bonded thereby, said fabric being composed of a compound yarn having a straight 15 2,804,886
4 core formed of a shrinkable organic material which is bendable to said resin and having disposed around said core a Wrapping of a yarn composed of a member of the group consisting of polyetetrafiuoroethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene which is not bendable to said resin, said Wrapping forming the exposed surface of said bearing. References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 10 2,219,054 Palm et a1 Oct. 22, 1940 Aug. 2, 2,656,585 Jackson Oct. 27, 1953 2,703,774 Morrison Mar. 8, 1955 2,789,340 Cresswell Apr. 23, 1957 White Sept. 3, 1957

Claims (1)

  1. 3. A MOLDED FABRIC BEARING COMPRISING A HEAT CURABLE THERMOSETTING RESIN IN THE HARD COMPACTED STATE CHARACTERISTIC OF A RESIN CURED UNDER HEAT AND PRESSURE, AND A WOVEN FABRIC EMBEDDED THEREIN AND BONDED THEREBY, SAID FABRIC BEING COMPOSED OF A COMPOUND YARN HAVING A STRAIGHT CORE FORMED OF A SKRINKABLE ORGANIC MATERIAL WHICH IS BONDABLE TO SAID RESIN AND HAVING DISPOSED AROUND SAID CORE A WRAPPING OF A YARN COMPOSED OF A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF POLYETETRAFLUOROETHYLENE AND POLYCHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE WHICH IS NOT BONDABLE TO SAID RESIN, SAID WRAPPING FORMING THE EXPOSED SURFACE OF SAID BEARING
US716458A 1958-02-20 1958-02-20 Low friction molded fabric bearing Expired - Lifetime US3030248A (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154111A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-10-27 Kendall & Co Textile fabric
US3158982A (en) * 1962-11-29 1964-12-01 Kendall & Co Napped textile fabrics
US3158985A (en) * 1963-06-04 1964-12-01 Kendall & Co Textile yarns and method of making the same
US3194702A (en) * 1962-01-03 1965-07-13 Gen Motors Corp Method of making self-lubricating bearing means
US3276946A (en) * 1961-04-25 1966-10-04 Pleasant T Cole Low friction magnetic recording tape
US3765978A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-10-16 Textron Inc Method of making a low-friction fabric bearing
US3802756A (en) * 1972-07-24 1974-04-09 Sargent Industries Filament wound bearing
US3864197A (en) * 1970-01-09 1975-02-04 Samuel M Shobert Plastic bearing
US3891488A (en) * 1970-09-28 1975-06-24 Charles S White Structural bearing element having a low friction surface and method
US3947611A (en) * 1972-12-21 1976-03-30 White Charles S Method of making a bondable low friction thread
US4017659A (en) * 1974-10-17 1977-04-12 Ingrip Fasteners Inc. Team lattice fibers
US4048371A (en) * 1974-10-17 1977-09-13 Ingrip Fasteners, Inc. Fasces fibers
EP0307112A2 (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-15 Kamatics Corporation Braided bearing and method for making a braided bearing
US4923737A (en) * 1988-10-20 1990-05-08 Northrop Corporation Surface modified plastic and composite articles and method
US4983240A (en) * 1987-09-11 1991-01-08 Kamatics Corporation Method of making a flanged braided bearing
JP2018525542A (en) * 2015-08-05 2018-09-06 東レ株式会社 Self-lubricating fabric and its production method and application

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2219054A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-10-22 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Bearing
US2477652A (en) * 1946-03-01 1949-08-02 Robbins Chandler Mixed yarn and fabric
US2656585A (en) * 1948-04-13 1953-10-27 Neisler Mills Inc Plied yarn and plied yarn fabric and method of making same
US2703774A (en) * 1949-11-18 1955-03-08 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Glass fabric structure and method
US2789340A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-04-23 American Cyanamid Co Bulky fabrics
US2804886A (en) * 1955-11-04 1957-09-03 Charles S White Low friction fabric material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2219054A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-10-22 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Bearing
US2477652A (en) * 1946-03-01 1949-08-02 Robbins Chandler Mixed yarn and fabric
US2656585A (en) * 1948-04-13 1953-10-27 Neisler Mills Inc Plied yarn and plied yarn fabric and method of making same
US2703774A (en) * 1949-11-18 1955-03-08 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Glass fabric structure and method
US2804886A (en) * 1955-11-04 1957-09-03 Charles S White Low friction fabric material
US2789340A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-04-23 American Cyanamid Co Bulky fabrics

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3276946A (en) * 1961-04-25 1966-10-04 Pleasant T Cole Low friction magnetic recording tape
US3194702A (en) * 1962-01-03 1965-07-13 Gen Motors Corp Method of making self-lubricating bearing means
US3154111A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-10-27 Kendall & Co Textile fabric
US3158982A (en) * 1962-11-29 1964-12-01 Kendall & Co Napped textile fabrics
US3158985A (en) * 1963-06-04 1964-12-01 Kendall & Co Textile yarns and method of making the same
US3864197A (en) * 1970-01-09 1975-02-04 Samuel M Shobert Plastic bearing
US3891488A (en) * 1970-09-28 1975-06-24 Charles S White Structural bearing element having a low friction surface and method
US3765978A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-10-16 Textron Inc Method of making a low-friction fabric bearing
US4074512A (en) * 1971-07-08 1978-02-21 Textron, Inc. Low-friction fabric bearing
US3802756A (en) * 1972-07-24 1974-04-09 Sargent Industries Filament wound bearing
US3947611A (en) * 1972-12-21 1976-03-30 White Charles S Method of making a bondable low friction thread
US4017659A (en) * 1974-10-17 1977-04-12 Ingrip Fasteners Inc. Team lattice fibers
US4048371A (en) * 1974-10-17 1977-09-13 Ingrip Fasteners, Inc. Fasces fibers
EP0307112A2 (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-15 Kamatics Corporation Braided bearing and method for making a braided bearing
US4983240A (en) * 1987-09-11 1991-01-08 Kamatics Corporation Method of making a flanged braided bearing
EP0307112B1 (en) * 1987-09-11 1994-03-09 Kamatics Corporation Braided bearing and method for making a braided bearing
US4923737A (en) * 1988-10-20 1990-05-08 Northrop Corporation Surface modified plastic and composite articles and method
JP2018525542A (en) * 2015-08-05 2018-09-06 東レ株式会社 Self-lubricating fabric and its production method and application
EP3333289A4 (en) * 2015-08-05 2019-08-21 Toray Industries, Inc. Self lubricating fabric, method for production and use thereof

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