US3019507A - Method of making bulky continuous filament yarns of isotactic polyolefins - Google Patents

Method of making bulky continuous filament yarns of isotactic polyolefins Download PDF

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Publication number
US3019507A
US3019507A US727398A US72739858A US3019507A US 3019507 A US3019507 A US 3019507A US 727398 A US727398 A US 727398A US 72739858 A US72739858 A US 72739858A US 3019507 A US3019507 A US 3019507A
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Prior art keywords
yarn
filaments
stretching
yarns
crimps
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US727398A
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English (en)
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Maragliano Domenico
Denti Francesco
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Montedison SpA
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Montedison SpA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/229—Relaxing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/10—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using knife edges, e.g. heated knife edges, for edge crimping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S138/00—Pipes and tubular conduits
    • Y10S138/07—Resins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/09—Polyolefin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/10—Polyvinyl halide esters or alcohol fiber modification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/928—Polyolefin fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]

Definitions

  • Yarns formed from continuous filaments of synthetic polymers are generally not adapted to use for purposes requiring a soft, light yarn having high covering power.
  • a spun yarn i.e., a yarn formed from short or staple fibers of the synthetic polymers
  • continuous filaments formed from synthetic polymers and synthetic resins generally have not been fabricated as such in practice but have been cut or otherwise disrupted to staple fibers and the mass of short fibers thus obtained has then been converted into a spun yarn, as such or in a blend with natural fibers.
  • One object of this invention is to provide new yarns formed from continuous synthetic polymer filaments and having a bulk equal to or higher than that of staple yarn.
  • Another object is to provide bulky yarns of the continuous synthetic polymer filaments which have a tenacity much higher than the tenacity normally possessed by yarns spun from staple synthetic fibers.
  • An additional advantage is to provide a multi-filament yarn which is light and voluminous like a staple yarn, but which does not tend to lose its hairiness.
  • a further object is to provide a method for making light, voluminous yarns of continuous filaments of synthetic polymers.
  • continuous filament yarns are made from synthetic polymers of higher alpha-olefins consisting prevailingly of isotactic macromolecules, particularly such polymers of propylene.
  • the isotactic structure is characterized in that, assuming the macromolecular main chain to be fully extended in a plane, the R groups bound to the tertiary asymmetric carbon atoms of adjacent monomeric units occur, on the same chain section, on one side of the plane, and the hy drogen atoms bound to those carbon atoms occur, on said chain section, on the opposite side or" the plane.
  • the sterically difierent polymers may be produced in admixture when the alphaolefin is polymerized by means of certain organometallic catalysts, and may be separated on the basis of the difference in their steric structure by selective organic solvents.
  • the polymerization of the alpha-olefin can be oriented to the direct production of a polymerizate which consists prevailingly to substantially of isotactic macromolecules, that is, of macromolecules having substantially the isotactic structure, or which consists prevailingly to substantially of linear, regularly head-to-tail atactic macromolecules.
  • the yarns of the present invention are made from the Natta et al. poly(a1pha-olefins) which consist prevailingly (for our purposes over 60%) of isotactic macromolecules.
  • continuous filaments of the prevailingly to substantially isotactic poly(alpha-olefin) and especially filaments of such polymers of propylene are formed into a yarn, and the yarn is stretched under special conditions resulting in the introduction into the individual filaments of internal strains which are non uniformly distributed along the filament length.
  • the stretched yarn is then immersed abruptly into a hot medium in which it is heated rapidly to cause rapid shrinkage of the internally strained filaments.
  • the rapid shrinkage of the irregularly strained filaments causes the formation of waves or crimps in the individual filaments resulting in a yarn which is crimped in a specific manner.
  • the crimp is distributed irregularly along the filaments and yarn, with the loops disposed in different planes.
  • the crimps serve to separate the individual filaments in the yarns from each other, so that air spaces are formed between the crimps.
  • the air spaces contribute to the bulk, lightness, and insulating capacity of the yarn, and the crimps render the yarn highly elastic because they can stretch under tensile stress and then resume their initial shape as soon as the stress is removed.
  • the filaments and yarn obtained as described are permanently crimped as shown by the tests illustrated hereinbelow.
  • the factors at the stretchin stage which are determinative so far as obtaining our results is concerned are the rate at which the yarn is stretched, i.e. the rate at which the yarn is fed through the stretching zone, and the stretching temperature.
  • the yarns are stretched at the maximum safe rate for the given temperature, the limit being the point at which the filaments break under the given conditions.
  • isotactic defines the particular steric structure and is not synonymous with crystalline, since the isotactic structure exists independently of whether the polymer is crystalline or not under the given conditions. However, the isotactic polymers are crystallizable and under appropriate conditions are crystalline.
  • Stretching of the filaments results in orientation of the crystals in the direction of the filament axis. It is an important feature of the present method that the orientation of the crystals in the filaments is not destroyed by the processing producing the crimping, and that the final crimped yarn which is obtained has the high tensile strength which is a characteristic of oriented crystalline yarns.
  • yarns of synthetic resins are stretched at a rate of to meters/minute and at a temperature between 80 C. and 145 C.
  • our bulky, voluminous final yarns are obtained by feeding the yarn formed from continuous filaments of the at least prevailingly isotactic poly(alphaolefin) through the stretching zone at a rate of to 150 meters/minute and at a temperature between 20 C. and 80 C.
  • the stretching ratio can vary between 1:25 and 1:55.
  • the specific conditions, and combination of conditions can be varied within the ranges stated, depending on the molecular weight of the poly(alpha-olefin) and the titre of the yarn, both of which can influence the results obtained. by the stretching.
  • the ranges given, however, are generally operative for yarns having widely varying titres and for poly(alpha-olefins) of widely different average molecular weight, so that regardless of the yarn titre and molecular weight of the polymer, values in the ranges given for the stretching rate, stretching temperature, and relaxing temperature can be used in combination to produce the optimum results.
  • FIGURES 1-A and 1-B illustrate the eifects obtained by crimping a continuous IS-filament yarn of polypropylene by the present method; the yarn has on the average 12 to 15 crimps per inch.
  • FIGURE 2 shows the bulk effect obtained by the present method in the case of a twisted 6-filament yarn (see Example 2 below) having a titre of the same order as conventional wool yarns;
  • FIGURES l-A and 1-13 the yarn is shown enlarged approximately 15 times, while in FIGURE 2 the enlargement is 8 times.
  • a continuous-filament bulky polypropylene yarn (A) produced according to the invention are compared in the table below, with those of a normal yarn (B) formed from continuous filaments of the polypropylene, and of a yarn (C) spun from staple fibers of the polypropylene.
  • the volume of the yarn was established by winding a given constant amount of the three different yarn types on reels, under constant tension, and then determining the volume geometrically.
  • a particularly bulky yarn can be obtained by crimping a continuous filament yarn by our method as described herein, disrupting the crimped yarn to obtain staple or short fibers, and then spinning the staple fibers into a yarn.
  • the embodiment of our invention described above consists of the two stages (1) stretching the yarn under the particular conditions, and (2) rapidly heating the stretched yarn to release the nonuniformly distributed internal strains introduced into the filaments by the stretching.
  • the yarns after being subjected to stages (1) and (2), are coupled and twisted with yarns which have passed through stage 1) only, and the yarn resulting from the coupling and twisting operation is then subjected to the thermal treatment of stage (2).
  • the continuous filament yarn which has passed through stage (1) above is coupled with a normal yarn formed from continuous filaments of a poly(alpha-olefin) and the coupled yarns are allowed to shrink at high temperatures.
  • normal continuous filament yarn as used herein is meant yarns formed from continuous filaments of the polymers which may be stretched under the usual or conventional conditions for orientation of the crystals but which are not processed according to this invention, that is, yarnswhich are not stretched under the present special conditions and then abruptly heated to relax the internal strains.
  • the bulky yarns of the invention are adapted for use in the production of soft, bulky fabrics which have a high covering power and high thermal insulating capacity.
  • the fabrics are made by the usual processes, using the bulky voluminous yarns for both the warp and the weft.
  • Fabrics can also be constructed in which the bulky voluminous yarns of the invention are used for the weft, and the web consists of a normal continuous yarn or of a staple fiber yarn. Also, the normal continuous yarn or the staple fiber yarn can be used for the weft, while the new bulky continuous yarn is used for the web.
  • a fabric is made in which the weft, the warp, or both consists (consist) of a continuous filament yarn whichhas been stretched under our particular conditions, and the fabric is then subjected to the thermal treatment of stage (2) of our method, to relax the strains and develop the crimp in the filaments and yarns in situ in the fabric.
  • the invention has the advantage that the yarns are obtained by a method involving an essentially normal working cycle using conventional equipment, and with changes only in specific conditions.
  • Example 1 A prevailingly isotactic polypropylene having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.9 determined in tetrahydronaphthalene at 135 C. is melt-extruded to form filaments through a spinneret having holes of 0.4 mm. diameter. The single extruded filaments have a titre of den.
  • Eighteen of the filaments are combined to form a yarn which is stretched on a warm plate (temperature of the plate: 70 C.) at a rate of 50 meters/minute, with a stretching ratio of 1:4.
  • the yarn (in the form of a skein) is placed in an autoclave into which steam at 120 C. is introduced.
  • the yarn shrinks immediately, and assumes a crimped condition; the heating, shrinking and crimping are completed in five minutes.
  • the characteristics of the yarn (A) thus obtained are tabulated below and compared with those of a normal continuous yarn (B) of the same polypropylene, i.e., an 18-filament yarn which was not subjected to stages (1) and (2) of the present process.
  • Filaments are obtained by melt-extrusion of a prevailingly isotactic polypropylene having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.1, and 18 of the filaments are formed into a yarn which is stretched at 55 C. on a Warm plate with a stretching ratio of 113.5, and at an outlet rate of 175 meters/min. Six ends of the resulting yarn are coupled and twisted at 40 turns/meter.
  • the yarn in the form of skeins, is treated in an autoclave at 115 C. for 5 minutes.
  • Example 3 A fabric of bee hive weave was constructed using as the warp a normal yarn having a titre of 320 den. and formed of continuous filaments of highly isotactic poly propylene having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.3, and as weft a yarn of the continuous polypropylene filaments having a count of 350 den. and which was stretched (stage 1 of the present process) but not subjected to the thermal treatment (stage 2).
  • the fabric was treated in an autoclave at 115 C. for 5 minutes. A soft, particularly voluminous fabric was obtained.
  • the characteristics of the final fabric (A) are summarized below, and compared to those of the fabric (13) before the thermal treatment.
  • the thickness given was determined according to ASTM D 76/49.
  • the process comprising the steps of forming a yarn of smooth, continuous melt-extruded filaments of a fiberiorming polymeric higher alpha-olefin consisting prevailingly of isotactic, crystallizable macromolecules, heating the yarn at a temperature between 20 C. and C. while stretching it at the maximum safe rate for the given temperature between 20 C. and 80 C.
  • the bulky yarn being further characterized in that the orientation of the crystallites of the polymeric alphaolefin resulting from stretching of the smooth continuous filaments is substantially retained in the crimped filaments, and the yarn consisting of the crimped filaments has substantially the same tensile strength as the stretched and oriented yarn prior to the relaxation of the strains and crimping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US727398A 1959-02-18 1958-04-09 Method of making bulky continuous filament yarns of isotactic polyolefins Expired - Lifetime US3019507A (en)

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US8513A Expired - Lifetime US3137989A (en) 1959-02-18 1960-02-15 Dyeable bulky yarns based on polypropylene

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BE (1) BE587716A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
CH (1) CH376220A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
DE (1) DE1302793C2 (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
ES (1) ES255841A2 (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
FR (1) FR1194370A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
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US3152380A (en) * 1961-05-05 1964-10-13 Du Pont Process for treating polypropylene fibers
US3176374A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-04-06 Ici Ltd Method of treating filamentary tows
US3188714A (en) * 1963-03-22 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Process of producing self-crimping fibers
US3219043A (en) * 1961-06-02 1965-11-23 Reeves Bros Inc Tobacco smoke filter plug
US3222859A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-12-14 Rhodiaceta Crimping of yarns based on thermoplastic polymers
US3239304A (en) * 1960-08-30 1966-03-08 Rhodiaceta Production of crimped yarns
US3256258A (en) * 1961-05-05 1966-06-14 Du Pont Fibers
US3286322A (en) * 1963-08-05 1966-11-22 Phillips Petroleum Co Polypropylene carpet fibers
US3296681A (en) * 1964-07-16 1967-01-10 Shell Oil Co Method of crimping polyolefin fibers
US3302385A (en) * 1961-08-26 1967-02-07 Ruddell James Nelson Modification of filaments
US3323190A (en) * 1963-06-12 1967-06-06 Hercules Inc Elastic polypropylene yarn and process for its preparation
US3332228A (en) * 1965-06-25 1967-07-25 Chevron Res Polypropylene baling twine
US3346682A (en) * 1962-03-16 1967-10-10 Du Pont Method for making a filtering medium from plexifilamentary material
US3424834A (en) * 1965-03-23 1969-01-28 Chemcell 1963 Ltd Bulked synthetic fibres
US3501371A (en) * 1966-05-13 1970-03-17 Montedison Spa Dyeable polyolefin bulk textile fibers and process for their preparation
US3986331A (en) * 1973-01-09 1976-10-19 Ingrip Fasteners Inc. Net-like composite filaments

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US3364281A (en) * 1960-05-13 1968-01-16 Kureha Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Dyeable crystalline polyolefin compositions
US3249129A (en) * 1960-07-08 1966-05-03 Johnson & Johnson Heat-sealable materials
NL124955C (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) * 1960-12-23
US3505429A (en) * 1961-04-04 1970-04-07 Jack J Press Preferentially modified stereoregular polyhydrocarbons
NL276760A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) * 1961-04-04 1900-01-01
NL131260C (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) * 1961-04-24 1900-01-01
NL128493C (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) * 1961-05-31
US3413076A (en) * 1962-01-17 1968-11-26 Nippon Rayon Kk Dyeing nitric acid treated formed polypropylene objects containing fatty acid diamides of alkylene diamines
US3361843A (en) * 1964-06-15 1968-01-02 Uniroyal Inc Method of dyeing a blend of a polyolefin and a nitrogen containing polymer by using a dyebath containing lewis acids
US3299185A (en) * 1962-09-27 1967-01-17 Ube Nitto Kasei Co Dyeable polyolefin fibers containing a binary copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile
GB1015885A (en) * 1963-05-03 1966-01-05 Ici Ltd Modified polyolefines
CH464524A (de) * 1963-07-17 1968-10-31 Nippon Rayon Kk Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Anfärbbarkeit von Fasern und Formartikeln aus Polypropylen
US3402222A (en) * 1963-10-30 1968-09-17 Union Carbide Corp Dyeable polypropylene compositions containing alkoxyethyl acrylate copolymers
US3308206A (en) * 1963-10-31 1967-03-07 American Cyanamid Co Cationic-dyeable amine-aldehyde modified polypropylene
US3468121A (en) * 1966-08-09 1969-09-23 Toray Industries Method of producing sprinkly colored fibrous material
US3381058A (en) * 1966-08-26 1968-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Poly(1, 4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) fiber having nonfiberforming polyester dispersed therein
US3800565A (en) * 1972-08-31 1974-04-02 Singer Co Continuous yarn dyeing machine
US4265849A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-05-05 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing multifilament thermoplastic yarn having latent crimp
CA2111172A1 (en) * 1993-09-23 1995-03-24 Dennis S. Everhart Nonwoven fabric formed from alloy fibers
JP3249302B2 (ja) * 1994-08-03 2002-01-21 ワイケイケイ株式会社 パール調光沢を有するファスナー用線状材料の製造方法
US5811040A (en) * 1994-11-14 1998-09-22 Mallonee; William C. Process of making fiber for carpet face yarn
US20040180200A1 (en) * 1994-11-14 2004-09-16 Luca Bertamini Polyolefin-based synthetic fibers and method therefor

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US2277782A (en) * 1939-05-03 1942-03-31 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Crimping materials containing synthetic textile fibers
US2369395A (en) * 1942-01-21 1945-02-13 American Viscose Corp Yarnlike structure
US2325060A (en) * 1942-02-25 1943-07-27 Du Pont Nonshrinking yarn
US2420565A (en) * 1943-02-20 1947-05-13 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Synthetic textile articles
US2439813A (en) * 1943-05-13 1948-04-20 American Viscose Corp Artificial filament
US2439814A (en) * 1943-05-13 1948-04-20 American Viscose Corp Crimped artificial filament
US2411474A (en) * 1944-10-18 1946-11-19 Du Pont Method of improving filaments of hydrolyzed olefin/vinyl organic ester interpolymers
US2604689A (en) * 1952-06-18 1952-07-29 Du Pont Melt spinning process and fiber
US2778090A (en) * 1952-12-30 1957-01-22 Duplan Corp Method of treating synthetic yarn
US2807862A (en) * 1953-05-12 1957-10-01 American Enka Corp Method for bulking yarn
US2882263A (en) * 1954-12-16 1959-04-14 Montedison Spa Process for the polymerization of certain unsaturated hydrocarbons using iron-based polymerization agents
US2750653A (en) * 1955-01-19 1956-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Yarn structure

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222859A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-12-14 Rhodiaceta Crimping of yarns based on thermoplastic polymers
US3239304A (en) * 1960-08-30 1966-03-08 Rhodiaceta Production of crimped yarns
US3256258A (en) * 1961-05-05 1966-06-14 Du Pont Fibers
US3152380A (en) * 1961-05-05 1964-10-13 Du Pont Process for treating polypropylene fibers
US3219043A (en) * 1961-06-02 1965-11-23 Reeves Bros Inc Tobacco smoke filter plug
US3302385A (en) * 1961-08-26 1967-02-07 Ruddell James Nelson Modification of filaments
US3346682A (en) * 1962-03-16 1967-10-10 Du Pont Method for making a filtering medium from plexifilamentary material
US3176374A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-04-06 Ici Ltd Method of treating filamentary tows
US3188714A (en) * 1963-03-22 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Process of producing self-crimping fibers
US3323190A (en) * 1963-06-12 1967-06-06 Hercules Inc Elastic polypropylene yarn and process for its preparation
US3286322A (en) * 1963-08-05 1966-11-22 Phillips Petroleum Co Polypropylene carpet fibers
US3296681A (en) * 1964-07-16 1967-01-10 Shell Oil Co Method of crimping polyolefin fibers
US3424834A (en) * 1965-03-23 1969-01-28 Chemcell 1963 Ltd Bulked synthetic fibres
US3332228A (en) * 1965-06-25 1967-07-25 Chevron Res Polypropylene baling twine
US3501371A (en) * 1966-05-13 1970-03-17 Montedison Spa Dyeable polyolefin bulk textile fibers and process for their preparation
US3986331A (en) * 1973-01-09 1976-10-19 Ingrip Fasteners Inc. Net-like composite filaments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL248500A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
ES255841A2 (es) 1960-08-01
DE1302793B (de) 1970-12-10
CH376220A (de) 1964-03-31
DE1302793C2 (de) 1973-07-05
BE587716A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png)
US3137989A (en) 1964-06-23
FR1194370A (US06299757-20011009-C00006.png) 1959-11-09
GB882329A (en) 1961-11-15

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