US3013628A - Device for abatement of air pollution - Google Patents

Device for abatement of air pollution Download PDF

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Publication number
US3013628A
US3013628A US845819A US84581959A US3013628A US 3013628 A US3013628 A US 3013628A US 845819 A US845819 A US 845819A US 84581959 A US84581959 A US 84581959A US 3013628 A US3013628 A US 3013628A
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Prior art keywords
pipe
container
screen
air pollution
wall
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US845819A
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Morris B Jacobs
Ettinger Irving
Moe M Bravermann
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for abatement of air pollution.
  • the present invention removes both solid and gaseous pollutants from the exhaust gases of various combustion equipment, such as incinerators of all kinds, for example, residential incinerators, municipal incinerators, etc., as well as from the exhaust gases of boilers of every description, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view, broken away in part, showing the screen for removing solid particles from an exhaust gas
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the device of FIG. 1.
  • a container preferably in the shape of an inverted truncated cone and of suitable height is provided with a top preferably fiat wall 11 and a bottom wall 12.
  • the top wall 11 is provided with a central pipe or flue conduit 13 secured as by welding to the wall.
  • Conduit 13 comprises a top portion 13X extending above wall 11 and a bottom portion 13Y extending a suitable distance into the container 10.
  • the top conduit portion 13X and the bottom conduit portion 13Y are preferably portions of an integral pipe.
  • the bottom wall 12 is provided with a centrally disposed conduit or pipe 14 preferably of a diameter equal to that of pipe 13.
  • upright pipe 14 is disposed in axial linear relationship to pipe 13 and is preferably welded and disposed perpendicularly to wall 12. Pipe 14 may extend below bottom wall 12 if desired.
  • the container 16 is provided with a suitable clean out door 15 secured to the container wall by conventional hinge means adjacent the bottom wall 12. Any soot or solid material deposited upon wall 12 is removed through the door 15.
  • a cylindrical screen 16 of suitable height and preferably of stainless steel and of a diameter equal to that of pipes 13 and 14 is secured as by welding to both pipes 13 and 14.
  • the mesh of the screen 16 is such as to physically screen out selected size solid particles from gases passing therethrough.
  • fly ash pollutants are physically separated from gaseous pollutants by screen 16 and fall by gravity to the bottom wall 12.
  • the container 10 is provided adjacent its top wall 11 with a suitable aperture and a flue stack or pipe 17 from for example, a residential incinerator is secured as by welding to the container at the aperture.
  • the flue stack 17 is secured in tangential relationship to the container so that solid particles in the exhaust gases in'pipe 17 travel around the inside of container 10 adjacent its inner surface.
  • Container 10 is in effect a cyclone separator for solid particles entering therein through pipe 17.
  • An important feature of this invention is the provision of a burner or combustion means 18, for example, a gaseous flame in the bottom pipe 14.
  • the flame from the burner 18 is of a temperature suitable to burn or decompose gaseous pollutants such as obnoxious molecules, for example, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, etc., often found in exhaust gases.
  • the temperature of the flame at the screen 16 should be at least about 1,000 F. and preferably above 1,400 F. to'etlect incandescence of screen 16.
  • the hot exhaust gases in pipe 17 from for example, a municipal incinerator are led by convection current into the container 10. Due to the changing speed of the gases in container 10 and because of their tangential direction in container 10 the exhaust gases deposit solid particles of suitable size. The smaller particles which are not removed by the cyclone elfect are physically removed by the screen 16.
  • the gases passing through screen 16 are substantially free of all solid particles except for minute smoke particles which pass the openings in screen 16.
  • the gases often containing obnoxious and even poisonous molecules are subjected to the hot flame of burner 18 which decomposes the obnoxious molecules to harmless molecules.
  • the solid particles of a combustible nature such as soot particles, particles of carbonized paper, etc., deposited on screen 16 are burned off the screen since the screen 16 is at a suitable glowing temperature due to the flame of burner 16.
  • the burner screen may be insulated and made to glow by electrical means such as suitable resistance wires.
  • the screen may be made from suitable alloys to perform a catalytic effect in decomposing obnoxious molecules at the temperatures indicated.
  • the screen may be made of platinum or chromium, etc., for the catalytic effect when used at the temperatures recited above.
  • the length of the pipe portion 13Y is such that the screen 16 is suitably far removed from the top wall 11.
  • the upright wall 14 is of a height sufficient to allow accumulation of soot on the bottom floor 12.
  • a modification of this invention is an integral pipe having foraminous portion having a plurality of suitable small apertures disposed a suitable distance above the bottom wall 12, said apertures functioning as and in lieu of a screen 16.
  • the device of this invention may be provided with an automatic electrical smoke alarm located in pipe 17 which will turn on and light the gas of the burner 18 whenever the density of the smoke exceeds a pre-determined amount.
  • This invention may be secured to existing incinerators or it may be incorporated into new incinerators, etc.
  • the principle of this invention is the elimination of the heavier solid particles from exhaust gases having a draft by a cyclone separator followed by combustion with decomposition of the substantially solids free gases.
  • the combustion of the solids free gases creates a secondary draft in the pipe 13 so that the draft from the incinerator is augmented by the draft due to burner 18.
  • An air pollution abatement apparatus for converting combustion products comprising an inverted truncated conical container, a top wall hermetically secured to the top of said container, a bottom wall hermetically secured to bottom of said container, an inlet pipe for exhaust combustion gases secured tangentially to said container adjacent the top wall, a vertical top pipe disposed centrally and hermetically in the top wall and extending suitably into said container, a vertical bottom pipe disposed centrally and hermetically in the bottom wall and extending a suitable disance into said container, said top pipe and said bottom pipe being disposed in suitable spacedapart relationship in said container, and a cylindrical foraminous means secured hermetically to said top and bottom pipes, gas burner means for causing said foraminous means to become suitably incandescent disposed centrally beneath said bottom pipe and a clean-out door secured hingedly to said container adjacent said bottom wall, whereby substantially pollutant free air, free also of obnoxious odors, is released to the atmosphere.

Description

Dec. 19, 1961 M. B. JACOBS ETAL DEVICE FOR ABATEMENT OF AIR POLLUTION Filed Oct. 12, 1959 3,013,628 Patented Dec. 19, 1961 Fice 3,013,628 DEVICE FQR ABATEMENT OF AIR POLLUTION Morris E. Jacobs, Flushing, N.Y. (16 St. Lawrence Place, Jericho, N.Y.); Irving Ettinger, 5922 18th Ave., Brookiyn 4, N.Y.; and Moe M. Braverman, 851 Hopkinson Ave, Brooklyn 2, N.Y.
Filed Get. 12, 1959, Ser. No. 845,819 1 Claim. (Cl. 183-6) This invention relates to a device for abatement of air pollution.
It is an object of this invention to eliminate or to substantially eliminate smoke, soot, cinders, flyash, dust, odors, obnoxious gases and fumes present in the exhaust gases of combustion devices.
It is another objective of this invention to abate air pollution by controlling the emission into the atmosphere of smoke, soot, cinders, flyash, odors, fumes and obnoxious gases from combustion equipment.
Air pollution is a serious problem of our civilization. It is a nuisance in that homes and buildings are soiled as well as the wearing apparel of residents and pedestrians. Moreover, human beings and animals are made uncomfortable and at times ill by polluted air. Furthermore air pollution damages vegetation, corrodes metal and decomposes stone and other building material.
While many devices are known that have as their purpose abatement of air pollution, none of them are fully satisfactory since they remove but one or a few of the pollutants.
The present invention removes both solid and gaseous pollutants from the exhaust gases of various combustion equipment, such as incinerators of all kinds, for example, residential incinerators, municipal incinerators, etc., as well as from the exhaust gases of boilers of every description, etc.
This invention is illustrated by an accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a side view, broken away in part, showing the screen for removing solid particles from an exhaust gas, and
FIG. 2 is a top view of the device of FIG. 1.
Turning to the drawing, a container preferably in the shape of an inverted truncated cone and of suitable height is provided with a top preferably fiat wall 11 and a bottom wall 12.
The top wall 11 is provided with a central pipe or flue conduit 13 secured as by welding to the wall. Conduit 13 comprises a top portion 13X extending above wall 11 and a bottom portion 13Y extending a suitable distance into the container 10. The top conduit portion 13X and the bottom conduit portion 13Y are preferably portions of an integral pipe.
The bottom wall 12 is provided with a centrally disposed conduit or pipe 14 preferably of a diameter equal to that of pipe 13.
As shown in FIG. 1, upright pipe 14 is disposed in axial linear relationship to pipe 13 and is preferably welded and disposed perpendicularly to wall 12. Pipe 14 may extend below bottom wall 12 if desired.
The container 16 is provided with a suitable clean out door 15 secured to the container wall by conventional hinge means adjacent the bottom wall 12. Any soot or solid material deposited upon wall 12 is removed through the door 15.
A cylindrical screen 16 of suitable height and preferably of stainless steel and of a diameter equal to that of pipes 13 and 14 is secured as by welding to both pipes 13 and 14. The mesh of the screen 16 is such as to physically screen out selected size solid particles from gases passing therethrough. Thus for example, fly ash pollutants are physically separated from gaseous pollutants by screen 16 and fall by gravity to the bottom wall 12. The container 10 is provided adjacent its top wall 11 with a suitable aperture and a flue stack or pipe 17 from for example, a residential incinerator is secured as by welding to the container at the aperture.
As shown in FIG. 2 the flue stack 17 is secured in tangential relationship to the container so that solid particles in the exhaust gases in'pipe 17 travel around the inside of container 10 adjacent its inner surface. Container 10 is in effect a cyclone separator for solid particles entering therein through pipe 17.
An important feature of this invention is the provision of a burner or combustion means 18, for example, a gaseous flame in the bottom pipe 14.
The flame from the burner 18 is of a temperature suitable to burn or decompose gaseous pollutants such as obnoxious molecules, for example, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, etc., often found in exhaust gases. The temperature of the flame at the screen 16 should be at least about 1,000 F. and preferably above 1,400 F. to'etlect incandescence of screen 16.
In the operation of this invention the hot exhaust gases in pipe 17 from for example, a municipal incinerator are led by convection current into the container 10. Due to the changing speed of the gases in container 10 and because of their tangential direction in container 10 the exhaust gases deposit solid particles of suitable size. The smaller particles which are not removed by the cyclone elfect are physically removed by the screen 16.
The gases passing through screen 16 are substantially free of all solid particles except for minute smoke particles which pass the openings in screen 16. The gases often containing obnoxious and even poisonous molecules are subjected to the hot flame of burner 18 which decomposes the obnoxious molecules to harmless molecules.
The solid particles of a combustible nature such as soot particles, particles of carbonized paper, etc., deposited on screen 16 are burned off the screen since the screen 16 is at a suitable glowing temperature due to the flame of burner 16.
This invention has been shown by an illustrative embodiment but other embodiments fall within its ambit or scope.
Thus the burner screen may be insulated and made to glow by electrical means such as suitable resistance wires. Also the screen may be made from suitable alloys to perform a catalytic effect in decomposing obnoxious molecules at the temperatures indicated. Thus the screen may be made of platinum or chromium, etc., for the catalytic effect when used at the temperatures recited above.
The length of the pipe portion 13Y is such that the screen 16 is suitably far removed from the top wall 11. The upright wall 14 is of a height sufficient to allow accumulation of soot on the bottom floor 12.
A modification of this invention is an integral pipe having foraminous portion having a plurality of suitable small apertures disposed a suitable distance above the bottom wall 12, said apertures functioning as and in lieu of a screen 16. I
The device of this invention may be provided with an automatic electrical smoke alarm located in pipe 17 which will turn on and light the gas of the burner 18 whenever the density of the smoke exceeds a pre-determined amount.
This invention may be secured to existing incinerators or it may be incorporated into new incinerators, etc.
The principle of this invention is the elimination of the heavier solid particles from exhaust gases having a draft by a cyclone separator followed by combustion with decomposition of the substantially solids free gases. The combustion of the solids free gases creates a secondary draft in the pipe 13 so that the draft from the incinerator is augmented by the draft due to burner 18.
Clearly this invention is of generic scope and is not limited to its illustrations.
We claim:
An air pollution abatement apparatus for converting combustion products comprising an inverted truncated conical container, a top wall hermetically secured to the top of said container, a bottom wall hermetically secured to bottom of said container, an inlet pipe for exhaust combustion gases secured tangentially to said container adjacent the top wall, a vertical top pipe disposed centrally and hermetically in the top wall and extending suitably into said container, a vertical bottom pipe disposed centrally and hermetically in the bottom wall and extending a suitable disance into said container, said top pipe and said bottom pipe being disposed in suitable spacedapart relationship in said container, and a cylindrical foraminous means secured hermetically to said top and bottom pipes, gas burner means for causing said foraminous means to become suitably incandescent disposed centrally beneath said bottom pipe and a clean-out door secured hingedly to said container adjacent said bottom wall, whereby substantially pollutant free air, free also of obnoxious odors, is released to the atmosphere.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 59,312 Everett Oct. 30, 1866 839,797 Wood Dec. 25, 1906 1,854,010 Woodford Apr. 12, 1932 1,985,713 Bartlett Dec. 25, 1934 2,511,967 Campbell June 20, 1950 2,702,012 Weggel Feb. 15, 1955
US845819A 1959-10-12 1959-10-12 Device for abatement of air pollution Expired - Lifetime US3013628A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3162518A (en) * 1963-07-24 1964-12-22 Grace W R & Co Lead removal device
US3197955A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-08-03 Engelhard Ind Inc Purification of internal combustion engine exhaust gas
US3215501A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-11-02 Salem Brosius Inc Apparatus for substantially completely oxidizing oxidizable components of efflux
US3854288A (en) * 1971-06-11 1974-12-17 Volkswagenwerk Ag Arrangement for exhaust gas cleaning
US3957446A (en) * 1972-04-14 1976-05-18 Texaco Inc. Swirl reactor for exhaust gases
US3966441A (en) * 1972-05-25 1976-06-29 Challenge-Cook Bros., Incorporated Lint disposal apparatus
US4693078A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-09-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soot afterburner for motor-vehicle exhaust system
US4892664A (en) * 1987-07-28 1990-01-09 Groundwater Technology, Inc. Decontamination of sites where organic compound contaminants endanger the water supply
US5061458A (en) * 1987-07-28 1991-10-29 Groundwater Technology, Inc. Decontamination apparatus for environmental protection
US5080697A (en) * 1990-04-03 1992-01-14 Nutone, Inc. Draw-down cyclonic vacuum cleaner
US5254147A (en) * 1990-04-03 1993-10-19 Nutone, Inc. Draw-down cyclonic vaccum cleaner
US20060162778A1 (en) * 2003-08-25 2006-07-27 Nichols Randall W Drain valve
US20070079794A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-12 Rotter Terrence M Air cleaner assembly
US20090180937A1 (en) * 2008-01-15 2009-07-16 Nohl John P Apparatus for Directing Exhaust Flow through a Fuel-Fired Burner of an Emission Abatement Assembly
US20090308250A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Rotter Terrence M Cyclonic Air Cleaner
USD632770S1 (en) 2008-06-13 2011-02-15 Kohler Co. Cyclonic air cleaner housing
US8176766B1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2012-05-15 Alcotek, Inc. Liquid and solid trapping mouthpiece
US20120324846A1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Water separating container for a motor vehicle
US20150033944A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2015-02-05 Michael Luven Method and arrangement for waste-gas purification in vacuum steel treatment processes
US11168653B2 (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-11-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle air cleaner
US11484892B2 (en) 2019-12-30 2022-11-01 General Electric Company Systems and methods for reducing particulate emissions

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US59312A (en) * 1866-10-30 Improved rendering apparatus
US839797A (en) * 1906-04-19 1906-12-25 John T Wood Smoke-consumer.
US1854010A (en) * 1927-05-31 1932-04-12 Service Station Equipment Comp Air cleaner
US1985713A (en) * 1933-08-26 1934-12-25 James C Bartlett Carbon monoxide eliminator
US2511967A (en) * 1950-06-20 Gas and liquto separator
US2702012A (en) * 1951-01-18 1955-02-15 Erwin J Weggel Refuse incinerator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US59312A (en) * 1866-10-30 Improved rendering apparatus
US2511967A (en) * 1950-06-20 Gas and liquto separator
US839797A (en) * 1906-04-19 1906-12-25 John T Wood Smoke-consumer.
US1854010A (en) * 1927-05-31 1932-04-12 Service Station Equipment Comp Air cleaner
US1985713A (en) * 1933-08-26 1934-12-25 James C Bartlett Carbon monoxide eliminator
US2702012A (en) * 1951-01-18 1955-02-15 Erwin J Weggel Refuse incinerator

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215501A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-11-02 Salem Brosius Inc Apparatus for substantially completely oxidizing oxidizable components of efflux
US3197955A (en) * 1962-11-01 1965-08-03 Engelhard Ind Inc Purification of internal combustion engine exhaust gas
US3162518A (en) * 1963-07-24 1964-12-22 Grace W R & Co Lead removal device
US3854288A (en) * 1971-06-11 1974-12-17 Volkswagenwerk Ag Arrangement for exhaust gas cleaning
US3957446A (en) * 1972-04-14 1976-05-18 Texaco Inc. Swirl reactor for exhaust gases
US3966441A (en) * 1972-05-25 1976-06-29 Challenge-Cook Bros., Incorporated Lint disposal apparatus
US4693078A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-09-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soot afterburner for motor-vehicle exhaust system
US4892664A (en) * 1987-07-28 1990-01-09 Groundwater Technology, Inc. Decontamination of sites where organic compound contaminants endanger the water supply
US5061458A (en) * 1987-07-28 1991-10-29 Groundwater Technology, Inc. Decontamination apparatus for environmental protection
US5080697A (en) * 1990-04-03 1992-01-14 Nutone, Inc. Draw-down cyclonic vacuum cleaner
US5254147A (en) * 1990-04-03 1993-10-19 Nutone, Inc. Draw-down cyclonic vaccum cleaner
US20060162778A1 (en) * 2003-08-25 2006-07-27 Nichols Randall W Drain valve
US7753069B2 (en) * 2003-08-25 2010-07-13 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Drain valve
US8801819B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2014-08-12 Kohler Co. Air cleaner assembly
US8419834B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2013-04-16 Kohler Co. Air cleaner assembly
US20070079794A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-12 Rotter Terrence M Air cleaner assembly
US8052780B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2011-11-08 Kohler Co. Air cleaner assembly
US20090180937A1 (en) * 2008-01-15 2009-07-16 Nohl John P Apparatus for Directing Exhaust Flow through a Fuel-Fired Burner of an Emission Abatement Assembly
US8176766B1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2012-05-15 Alcotek, Inc. Liquid and solid trapping mouthpiece
USD632770S1 (en) 2008-06-13 2011-02-15 Kohler Co. Cyclonic air cleaner housing
US20090308250A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Rotter Terrence M Cyclonic Air Cleaner
US8808432B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2014-08-19 Kohler Co. Cyclonic air cleaner
US9206721B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2015-12-08 Kohler Co. Cyclonic air cleaner
US20120324846A1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Water separating container for a motor vehicle
US8911523B2 (en) * 2011-06-21 2014-12-16 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Water separating container for a motor vehicle
US20150033944A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2015-02-05 Michael Luven Method and arrangement for waste-gas purification in vacuum steel treatment processes
US11168653B2 (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-11-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle air cleaner
US11484892B2 (en) 2019-12-30 2022-11-01 General Electric Company Systems and methods for reducing particulate emissions

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