US3004884A - Sheeted fibrous materials and processes for the manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Sheeted fibrous materials and processes for the manufacture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3004884A
US3004884A US739478A US73947858A US3004884A US 3004884 A US3004884 A US 3004884A US 739478 A US739478 A US 739478A US 73947858 A US73947858 A US 73947858A US 3004884 A US3004884 A US 3004884A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
paper
axial
foam
resin
uni
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US739478A
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English (en)
Inventor
James J Eberl
Coppick Sydney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Tissue Co
Original Assignee
Scott Paper Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL229924D priority Critical patent/NL229924A/xx
Priority to DEB45478A priority patent/DE1047604B/de
Application filed by Scott Paper Co filed Critical Scott Paper Co
Priority to US739478A priority patent/US3004884A/en
Priority to GB17472/59A priority patent/GB857988A/en
Priority to FR796345A priority patent/FR1232571A/fr
Priority to CH7394159A priority patent/CH382552A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3004884A publication Critical patent/US3004884A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/47—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
    • D21H17/49—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing hydrogen bound to nitrogen
    • D21H17/50—Acyclic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
    • D21H21/56—Foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S521/918—Physical aftertreatment of a cellular product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to sheeted, fibrous materials embodying multi-axial fiber assemblies of aminoplast foamed resins, and processes for the manufacture thereof.
  • the invention particularly includes paper, pa perboard and pulp stocks composed of disintegrated urea-formaldehyde foamed resin in admixture with fibrous materials of the kind normally employed in the manufacture of paper products.
  • Paper as it is generally known today, is composed of matted or felted cellulosic fibers, such as those obtained from wood, cotton, bagasse and similar vegetable sources.
  • a portion of the papermaking cellulosic fibers may be replaced by mineral fibers, for example, vitreous fibers, or filaments of synthetic resins generated by a wet-spinning process, including regenerated celluloses, cellulose acetate, polyesterarnides, polynitriles, acrylonitriles, polyvinyl acetate-chloride copolymers.
  • heterogeneous stocks are, however, limited in their compositions by the ability of the substituted ingredients to fibrillate under the mechanical action of beating in order to accentuate the bonding forces between fibers, although in some cases bonding agents may be included in the stock or with some synthetic resin filaments, a heat treatment after webformation can result in a physical union of the fibers.
  • slurries of greater density may be utilized to form a thicker sheet and with less compression during drying a bulkier product is enabled. Creping of the sheet as it is removed from the machine or an embossing, scoring or perforating step during finishing operations will also serve to disrupt the normal uniplanar sheet formation.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a sheeted, paper-like material from a mixture of cell losic fibers and multi-axial fiber assemblies of a foamed synthetic resin possessing inherent physical bonding forces.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide eans whereby easily fibrillated wood fibers may be combined with multi-axial assemblies of fibers of a nonfibrillating type of synthetic resin and united in a strong, felted sheet possessing a high bulk and opacity.
  • Still another object of our invention is to provide a sheeted, light weight paper product containing a disintegrated urea-formaldehyde foamed resin.
  • the present invention contemplates the inclusion in conventional paper stocks of multi-axial fiber assemblies of a disintegrated urea-formaldehyde resin foam whereby to alter to a substantial degree the physical characteristics of the ultimate paper products.
  • a urea-formaldehyde prepolymer for example, formed by condensingurea and formaldehyde in an approximate 1 to 2 molar ratio may be foamed by addition to a cellulated mass of a surface active agent, water and an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid. Regulation of the density of the cellulated matrix by aeration thereof enables control of the density of the resin foam within limits of from 0.2 to 0.8 pound per cubic foot. Additionally, it has been noted that the degree of aeration and matrix agitation affects the fineness of the ultimate team which can have as many as 10 cells per cubic centimeter.
  • Disintegration of the resin foam may be effected in conventional hydropulpers, beaters, jordans, fiberizing disc mills and the like, equipment usually employed in the preparation of Wood fiber pulps.
  • the degree of dis ntegration, deagglomeration or foam fracture will depend upon the nature of the apparatus utilized and the time of exposure. Manifestly, vigorous agitation under increasing increments of pressure will result in more dis integration than would be possible when operating at low pressures for short periods of time. his, of course, possibie to eifect the total deagglomeration of the resin foam particles with the beating of the wood pulp and the blending of the cellulosic and resin fibers preliminary to the sheet formation.
  • the type as Well as the amount of uni axial fibers with which the disintegrated resin-foam is combined maybe varied within wide limits as desired and will, of course, determine the nature of the ultimate paper which is formed.
  • Cellulosic fibers from soft and hard woods, bagasse, bamboo, cotton are suitable source materials and the treatment thereof may include sulfite, sulfate, semi-chemical as well as chemi-mechanical pulping. Where a wood base is employed, groundwood pulps are quite appropriate.
  • mineral fibers can replace a portion of the cellulosic fibers in the base pulp, it is preferred that these be in the minority in order to obviate the need of special bonding additives in the ultimate sheet formation.
  • uni-axial filaments of a spun synthetic resin are also contemplated. It is preferred that the uni-axial cellulosic fibers constitute the major portion of the paper stock, although as much as 50% by weight of such stock may be composed of the disintegrated resin foam.
  • Example I 'pyridine in a l-liter, 3-necked flask equipped with mechanical stirrer and condenser turned down for distilla non.
  • a volume of 165 ml. of distillate was obtained over a period of about two hours.
  • the residual solution was cooled to room temperature. It was of medium viscosity and had a cloudy appearance.
  • Neomerpin-N an alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid surface active agent
  • a volume of 1.5 ml. of 85% phosphoric acid was added and the solution whipped into a foam at room temperature using a' Sunbeam Mixmaster. Air was bubbled into the foam in the beginning to facilitate the foaming.
  • 50 grams of the above aqueous resin solution were added slowly with simultaneous whipping The pH of the foamed mixture measured about 2. Whipping was continued until the foam set which required about ten minutes of whipping after'all of the resin solution had been added.
  • the foam was transferred to an aluminum foil-lined pan and permitted to stand at room temperature for about two hours. It was then dried in a forced-draft oven at 60C. for five hours. The dried foam was white and had a soft and resilient texture. The density of the foam was 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • Example II The foam of Example I was disintegrated and/or deagglomerated by agitation in a British Standard Disintegrator in water suspension at 2.5 C. and at 1% consistency for various periods of time from 30'seconds to 60 'mmutes. At the end of 30 seconds the foam comprises essentially fractured three-dimensional networks with only traces of branched three-dimensional rods. This degree of deagglomeration is satisfactory for the production of paper possessing exceptionally high bulk.
  • Disintegration forfive minutes produces a slurry composed of a mixture of branched three-dimensional rod- 'of thiourea were added.
  • the solution was heated to 7 like structures and linear assemblies containing but a small quantity of the three-dimensional networks of the original reticulated foam.
  • - Further disintegration increases the amounts of three-dimensional rod-like structures and enables th'e production of paper possessing satisfactory physical properties such as opacity, texture,
  • Example 7 IV Aweight of 1.5 grams of urea-formaldehyde resin foam of Example 11 was comminuted by hand and added to 742 ml. of a sulfite wood pulp suspension of mixed western hemlock and white fir having a consistency of 1.4% and I a freeness of'365'. The admixture was diluted with water to 2000 m1. andthen blended-under vigorous agitation for five minutes. Inanother preparation 4.5 grams of resin foam were combined with 577 ml. of wood pulp suspension and similarly processed. British hand sheets were preparedusing 400 ml. of suspension for each sheet.
  • the high bulk papers of our invention are acceptable substitutes for the conventional papers of modern commerce and the development of a novel source of papermaking fibers, that is, disintegrated foams and more especially disintegrated aminoplast resin foams enables the generation within the ultimate paper products of properties which impart to such products considerable commercial potential.
  • paper products of the present invention may be modified by the inclusion therein of other paper-forming fibrous materials, sizes, impregnating agents, coating materials, fillers, wet strength resins commonly encountered in paper manufacture. Additionally .manifold variations. in compositions and procedural details of their formation are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.
  • a paper characterized by high bulk comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrous material having uniformly admixed therewith three-dimensional, multi-axial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of partially disintegrated, cured aminoplast resin foam having a density below 08 pound per cubic foot.
  • a paper characterized by high bulk comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated fibrous material having uniformly admixed therewith three-dimensional, multi-axial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of partially disintegrated, cur ed urea-formaldehyderesin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • a paper characterized by high bulk comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated cellulosic material having uniformly admixed therewith three-dimensional, multiaxial assemblies containing the cell wallstructure of partially disintegrated, cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a densitybelow 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • a paper characterized by high bulk and opacity comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated wood pulp having uniformly admixed therewith multi-axial fiber assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • a paper characterized by high bulk and opacity comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated bleached sulfite pulp prepared from western hemlock and white fir having uniformly admixed therewith multi-axial fiber assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot in an amount of from 1 up to about 30% by weight of the total mixture.
  • a process of making a paper of high bulk which comprises combining a uni-axial fibrous material with three-dimensional, multi-axial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated, cured aminoplast resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot and converting said admixture into sheetlike form.
  • a process of making a paper of high bulk and opacity which comprises combining a uni-axial cellulosic material and a partially disintegrated cured ureaformaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot, in an aqueous suspension, beating said combination to fibrillate the cellulosic material and to convert the partially disintegrated foam into the form of multi-axial fiber assemblies containing the cell wall structure of the foam which assemblies are capable of a physical bonding with said cellulosic material, and sheeting said combination.
  • foam assemblies constitute from about 1 to about 30% of the weight of the sheeted paper.
  • a process of making a paper of high bulk and opacity which comprises partially disintegrating a cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot in aqueous suspension into a plurality of multi-axial fiber assemblies containing the cell wall structure of the foam, combining said suspension of foam fiber assemblies with a slurry of uni-axial fibrillated wood pulp, blending said combination to substantial homogeneity and thereafter sheeting said combination.
  • a paper stock comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated fibrous material having uniformly admixed therewith three-dimensional, multi-axial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated, cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • a process of making a paper stock which comprises combining a uni-axial cellulosic material and a partially disintegrated, cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot in an aqueous suspension and beating said combination to fibrillate the cellulosic material and to convert the foam into multi-axial fiber assemblies containing the cell wall structure of the foam, which assemblies are capable of a physical bonding with said cellulosic material.
  • a paperboard comprising a basis of uni-axial fibrillated fibrous material having uniformly admixed therewith three-dimensional, multi-axial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot.
  • three-dimensional multiaxial assemblies containing the cell wall structure of a partially disintegrated, cured urea-formaldehyde resin foam having a density below 0.8 pound per cubic foot.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US739478A 1957-07-27 1958-06-03 Sheeted fibrous materials and processes for the manufacture thereof Expired - Lifetime US3004884A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL229924D NL229924A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1958-06-03
DEB45478A DE1047604B (de) 1957-07-27 1957-07-27 Verfahren zur Herstellung von gefuelltem Papier
US739478A US3004884A (en) 1958-06-03 1958-06-03 Sheeted fibrous materials and processes for the manufacture thereof
GB17472/59A GB857988A (en) 1958-06-03 1959-05-22 High bulk paper and processes for manufacture thereof
FR796345A FR1232571A (fr) 1958-06-03 1959-06-02 Matériau fibreux en feuilles et ses procédés de fabrication
CH7394159A CH382552A (de) 1958-06-03 1959-06-03 Papier und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US739478A US3004884A (en) 1958-06-03 1958-06-03 Sheeted fibrous materials and processes for the manufacture thereof

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US3004884A true US3004884A (en) 1961-10-17

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US (1) US3004884A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH382552A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1232571A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB857988A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL229924A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3210239A (en) * 1962-06-21 1965-10-05 Scott Paper Co Process of forming paper containing foamed aminoplast resins
US3322697A (en) * 1964-05-01 1967-05-30 Scott Paper Co Filler comprising fibrous foamed aminoplast resin
US4183783A (en) * 1976-09-21 1980-01-15 Olof Sunden Semisynthetic paper structure on a urea basis
FR2446889A1 (fr) * 1979-01-17 1980-08-14 Protex Manuf Prod Chimiq Procede de pigmentation de la pate a papier a l'aide de mousses aminoplastes
US5332473A (en) * 1989-09-21 1994-07-26 Ici Canada Inc. Vesiculated polymer granules and paper made therefrom
US10982633B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2021-04-20 Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. Fuel pump solenoid assembly method
US11053643B2 (en) 2017-02-22 2021-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered tissue comprising non-wood fibers

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA793272B (en) 1978-07-07 1980-07-30 M Klein Adsorption and filtration mat for liquids
GB2251002B (en) * 1990-12-17 1995-05-17 Ask Corp Method of forming bamboo fibers and a resin molding reinforced with bamboo fiber
DE4119288B4 (de) * 1991-06-12 2004-08-26 Schenk-Filterbau Gmbh Verfahren zur Schichtenfiltration von pharmazeutischen, biologischen, chemischen oder dergleichen Flüssigkeiten
JP2501513B2 (ja) * 1992-07-03 1996-05-29 株式会社アスク 竹繊維の製造方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1881419A (en) * 1929-06-29 1932-10-04 Celotex Company Fiber derivative
US2016199A (en) * 1929-09-13 1935-10-01 Toledo Synthetic Products Inc Drying reaction product of ureas and aldehydes
US2323831A (en) * 1938-01-21 1943-07-06 Menger Adolf Process of adhesion
US2512720A (en) * 1947-11-01 1950-06-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Dry resin and process for preparing the same
US2559891A (en) * 1947-12-13 1951-07-10 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Production of urea-formaldehyde hardened foam
US2601597A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed coating materials to cellulosic fibers
US2807595A (en) * 1952-11-22 1957-09-24 Du Pont Process for modifying urea-formaldehyde solid foam
US2810646A (en) * 1953-09-17 1957-10-22 American Cyanamid Co Water-laid webs comprising water-fibrillated, wet-spun filaments of an acrylonitrile polymer and method of producing them

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1881419A (en) * 1929-06-29 1932-10-04 Celotex Company Fiber derivative
US2016199A (en) * 1929-09-13 1935-10-01 Toledo Synthetic Products Inc Drying reaction product of ureas and aldehydes
US2323831A (en) * 1938-01-21 1943-07-06 Menger Adolf Process of adhesion
US2601597A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Application of dispersed coating materials to cellulosic fibers
US2512720A (en) * 1947-11-01 1950-06-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Dry resin and process for preparing the same
US2559891A (en) * 1947-12-13 1951-07-10 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Production of urea-formaldehyde hardened foam
US2807595A (en) * 1952-11-22 1957-09-24 Du Pont Process for modifying urea-formaldehyde solid foam
US2810646A (en) * 1953-09-17 1957-10-22 American Cyanamid Co Water-laid webs comprising water-fibrillated, wet-spun filaments of an acrylonitrile polymer and method of producing them

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3210239A (en) * 1962-06-21 1965-10-05 Scott Paper Co Process of forming paper containing foamed aminoplast resins
US3322697A (en) * 1964-05-01 1967-05-30 Scott Paper Co Filler comprising fibrous foamed aminoplast resin
US4183783A (en) * 1976-09-21 1980-01-15 Olof Sunden Semisynthetic paper structure on a urea basis
FR2446889A1 (fr) * 1979-01-17 1980-08-14 Protex Manuf Prod Chimiq Procede de pigmentation de la pate a papier a l'aide de mousses aminoplastes
US5332473A (en) * 1989-09-21 1994-07-26 Ici Canada Inc. Vesiculated polymer granules and paper made therefrom
US11053643B2 (en) 2017-02-22 2021-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered tissue comprising non-wood fibers
US11634870B2 (en) 2017-02-22 2023-04-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered tissue comprising non-wood fibers
US10982633B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2021-04-20 Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. Fuel pump solenoid assembly method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL229924A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH382552A (de) 1964-09-30
GB857988A (en) 1961-01-04
FR1232571A (fr) 1960-10-10

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