US3003755A - Adjustable devices for metering and emulsifying gaseous and liquid substances - Google Patents

Adjustable devices for metering and emulsifying gaseous and liquid substances Download PDF

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Publication number
US3003755A
US3003755A US853202A US85320259A US3003755A US 3003755 A US3003755 A US 3003755A US 853202 A US853202 A US 853202A US 85320259 A US85320259 A US 85320259A US 3003755 A US3003755 A US 3003755A
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United States
Prior art keywords
slide
fuel
chamber
orifice
face
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US853202A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peras Lucien
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Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Renault SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047—Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F02M21/0239—Pressure or flow regulators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/04—Gas-air mixing apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86815—Multiple inlet with single outlet

Definitions

  • Low-pressure feed devices for internal combustion engines wherein the pressure is produced by a feed pump of the blade, gear or centrifugal type, the output being adjusted by throttling of the fuel stream under pressure.
  • a known system proposed by the applicant and utilized for fuel pressurizing purposes comprises on the one hand a conventional-type feed pump, for example of the self-regulating type using a calibrated spring andiresponsiveto a lever actuated by a cam solid with the camshaft of the engine, and on the other hand a centrifugal pump mounted in series therewith. This centrifugal pump may be adapted to its specific functions by resorting to certain arrangements.
  • the fuel inlet is disposed not centrally of, but at some distance from the centre of, the rotor. Moreover, the fuel leaking through the pump bearings when the pump is driven at low speed is led into a pump chamber connected through a pipe line to the fuel reservoir.
  • the liquid stream throttling member (consisting of a needle) emerges directly into the inlet passage so as to utilize the whole of the available energy for the mechanical atomization.
  • this available energy although sufiicient at high speeds, is not sufiicient at low speeds and under reduced loads for eflecting directly the desired mechanical atomization.
  • these emulsion-forming systems are well known, both in low-pressure injection systems and in conventional-type carburettors, which comprise in all cases three orifices, that is, a secondary air inlet, a fuel inlet and an outlet for the completed mixture.
  • carburettors vnotably, the idling circuit is established under these conditions and it is the vacuum or negative pressure existing in the induction pipe that constitutes the motive power. If this vacuum is strong, the emulsion is complete; unfortunately, the idling circuit of a carburettor cannot have a metering effect or the same etliciency throughout the speed range and load range. In various known fuel injection systems the emulsion obtained in the same manner has no metering effect.
  • the emulsion chamber consisting of a slide the displacements of which relative to its slide-face is utilized for varying at will the cross-sectional area of the fuel inlet orifice.
  • the device is concerned more particularly with an air/fuel mixture, it is applicable 3,003,755 Patented Oct. 10, 1961 2 to any liquid/ gas mixture problems involving an adjustment of the proportions of the component elements.
  • the slide is urged against its slide-face by a component constantly proportional to the effort necessitated by its displacement, this feature resulting from the use of blades formed with knife-edges and forming a substantially constant angle in relation to the slide-face.
  • the blade angle may be so selected as to provide the minimum and necessary application force by reducing to the minimum possible value the friction between the slide and its slideface, so that this friction represents but a very reduced percentage of the operating effort.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic axial section showing the slide-valve device of this invention mounted on the induction pipe of an internal combustion engine;
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-section taken along the linea-a of FIG. 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of embodiment of the slide-valve wherein the emulsiou chamber has a non-conical form of revolution;
  • FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal section showing a modified embodiment of the slide-valve wherein the emulsion chamber is of oblique frustoconical shape;
  • FIGURE 5 is a similar section showing another modification wherein the emulsion chamber comprises a first, relatively large convergent cone followed by another, relatively small divergent cone;
  • FIGURE 6 is a section taken upon the line a a wherein the fuel orifice formed in the slide-face is of triangular configuration
  • FIGURE 7 is a section taken along the line a--a wherein the fuel orifice formed in the slide-face is of rectangular configuration.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 maybe combined with one another.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates a metal block formed with a fuel feed passage 2 and an air feed passage 3.
  • the fuel feed passage 2 connected to a fuel feed line, leads to an orifice or jet 4 formed in the slide-face 5, the same applying'to the air passage 3.
  • a slide-valve 6 comprising an emulsion chamber 7 consisting, in the example illustrated in FIG. 1, of a straight circular frustnm of a cone; however, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, this chamber may also have the form of an oblique frustum of a cone or a non-conical form of revolution.
  • the slide travel takes place along the line b-b (FIG. 2) with a useful amplitude at the most equal to the diameter of the fuel jet 4.
  • the crosssectional area of the air inlet 9 varies but slightly so that the incoming air stream is not retarded irrespective of the position of the slide 6.
  • the circle 10 designating the small end of the frustum of a cone constitutes the outlet for the emulsion formed in chamber 7.
  • the area of the three orifices, that is, the fuel feed orifice 4, air feed orifice 9 and mixture output orifice 10 are obviously not independent of one another, for the orifice 10 should constantly have a greater passage area than that of the fuel orifice 4, even if the latter is left wide open by the slide, and on the other hand the passage area of orifice 9 should constantly be several times greater than that of the orifice 10 so that the pressure prevailing in the emulsion chamber 7 will differ but slight- 'ly from the pressure obtaining in the air passage 3, whereby a change in the emulsion pressure in chamber 7 will not alter the output of the fuel jet 4 and this output will vary only as a function of the slide position.
  • the slide 6 has a groove 11, 12 formed in its upper and lower edges, and a pair of blades 13, 14 formed with knife-edges engage these grooves respectively so as to form an angle or with the slide-face.
  • the lower blade 13 is constantly urged by a spring 15 consisting of an elastic blade bearing on the one hand against a pin 16 and on the other hand on an adjustment screw 17.
  • a transverse notch 18 may be formed either in the spring material or in the pin 16, to prevent the spring 15 from moving laterally.
  • the adjustment screw 17 may be locked in the desired position of adjustment by means of a lock nut 19.
  • the upper blade 14 is urged against the slide 6 by a lever 20 which is not necessarily resilient but is pivotally mounted on a pin 21 and has its uppermost position defined by an adjustment screw 22 also provided with a lock nut 23. 1
  • the complete assembly described hereinabove in the specific case of its application to thefeed system of an internal combustion engine, is mounted within a case 24 through which the air sucked by the engine flows under a pressure lower than or equal to the atmospheric pressure according to the degree of aperture of the butterfly air throttle 25 disposed upstream of this assembly.
  • the fuel jet 4 has been described heretofore as having a circular orifice.
  • a non-circular orifice may be substituted therefor, for example in the form of a triangular or more or less elongated rectangular orifice. as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the fuel feed system emulsifier device described here inabove operates as follows:
  • the component applying the slide 6 against the slide-face will be 2F sin or, and the friction component counteracting the movement of the slide will be 2F sin ocfgga.
  • the materials constituting the slide 6 and its slide-face 5 will be selected to provide the lowest possible coefficient of friction tggo, and the angle a is selected as already explained to have the minimum value. Under these conditions the disturbing effort is practically negligible and the effort necessary for moving the screw 7 22 is substantially equal to the force F of spring 15.
  • the stream of liquid shown at 26 will have a relatively high speed and will impinge against the inner wall 7 of the frustoconical chamber at a relatively small angle 3 to enable it to be reflected almost without any loss of kinetic energy toward and through the orifice 10.
  • the output will be subordinate to the displacement of the slide 6; this will be a linear function in case the orifice is rectangular as shown at 4 (FIG. 7); this function will be a square one in case the orifice is triangular as shown at 4" (FIG. 6); finally, in the case of a circular orifice 4 (FIG. 2) the output'will vary in accordance with an intermediate law showing an inflexion point when clearing the diameter.
  • the materials selected for the manufacture of the slide 6 and block 1 should have a good resistance to oxidation, whether from the humidity contained in the induced air or from the products likely to be present in the fuels.
  • a device for metering and emulsifying gas and liquid substances and delivering the same into a chamber comprising a distributor block having a slide face, a gas passage through said distributor block opening through said slide face, a-liquid passage through said distributor block and opening through said slide face adjacent to said gas passage, means connected to said distributor block for delivering liquid to said liquid passages under pressure, a slide engaging said slide face, said slide having a chamber of generally frustoconical configuration with the large end of said chamber opposing said slide face, said chamber functioning as an emulsifying chamber and the small end thereof forming an emulsion outlet orifice, and support means connected to said slide holding said'slide in engagement with said slide face and positioning said slide relative to said distributor block for controlling the quantity of liquid delivered to said chamber, gas being projected into said chamber at least in part by the kinetic energy of the liquid passing into said chamher.
  • said support means includes grooves formed in upper and lower edges of said slide parallel to said slide face, blades engaged in said grooves and converging towards said slide face at a slight angle to said slide face, said blades having force components urging said slide against said slide face, a spring member engaging and exerting a predetermined pressure on one of said blades, and an adjustable control lever engaging the other of said blades.
  • a case having a main air passage therethrough including an inlet end and an outlet end, an air flow control valve in said main air passage for controlling the flow of air into said main air passage through said inlet end, a distributor block carried by said case, said distributor block having a slide face, a secondary air passage through said distributor block and having one end opening to the atmosphere and the other end opening through said slide face, a fuel passage through said distributor block and opening through said slide face, means supplying fuel to said fuel passage under pressure, a slide engaging said slide face, said slide having a mixing chamber of generally frusto conical configuration with the large end of said chamber opening to said slide face and the small end of said chamher opening into said main air passage and being subjected to variations in pressures in said main air passage, said chamber overlapping said secondary air passage and said fuel passage for receiving air and fuel therefrom, and means connected to said slide holding said slide in engagement with said slide face and positioning said slide relative to said distributor block for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered to said chamber, the fuel projected into said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US853202A 1958-11-28 1959-11-16 Adjustable devices for metering and emulsifying gaseous and liquid substances Expired - Lifetime US3003755A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR780355A FR1216528A (fr) 1958-11-28 1958-11-28 Dispositif doseur et émulseur de gaz et de liquide

Publications (1)

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US3003755A true US3003755A (en) 1961-10-10

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US853202A Expired - Lifetime US3003755A (en) 1958-11-28 1959-11-16 Adjustable devices for metering and emulsifying gaseous and liquid substances

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US (1) US3003755A (fr)
DE (1) DE1145857B (fr)
FR (1) FR1216528A (fr)
GB (1) GB907576A (fr)
OA (1) OA01316A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198442A (en) * 1963-06-28 1965-08-03 Grace W R & Co Nozzles
US3228412A (en) * 1962-07-16 1966-01-11 Bartelt Engineering Co Inc Dispensing valve having particular cleaning means
US3261557A (en) * 1963-12-11 1966-07-19 Seaquist Valve Co Aerosol dispenser
US3325153A (en) * 1967-06-13 Fuel metering valve for internal combustion engines
US4298549A (en) * 1979-10-29 1981-11-03 Woodworth Carburetor Corp. Of Nevada Carburetor
US4501706A (en) * 1983-08-29 1985-02-26 Thaddeus Kowalczyk Carburetor and system for utilizing same
EP2891790A4 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2016-06-29 Ihi Corp Moteur à deux temps à balayage longitudinal
US10000289B2 (en) 2012-02-02 2018-06-19 Senior Ip Gmbh Temperature control gasper apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1374495A (fr) * 1963-08-27 1964-10-09 Recie Nationale Des Usines Ren Vanne de dosage de combustible pour moteurs à explosion
US4699110A (en) * 1985-04-26 1987-10-13 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel supply system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US134372A (en) * 1872-12-31 Improvement in svietallurgic gas-furnace valves
US1275032A (en) * 1916-12-14 1918-08-06 Edward A Huene Carbureter.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB106210A (en) * 1916-09-02 1917-05-17 Daimler Co Ltd Improvements in Carburettors for Internal Combustion Engines.
FR774636A (fr) * 1933-09-07 1934-12-10 Procédé et moyens réalisant l'alimentation rationnelle des moteurs à explosions, à tous les régimes
DE703155C (de) * 1936-01-03 1941-03-03 Solex Sa Schwimmerloser Vergaser, insbesondere fuer Luftfahrzeugmaschinen
US2404081A (en) * 1938-11-30 1946-07-16 Bendix Aviat Corp Charge forming device
US2706976A (en) * 1951-03-07 1955-04-26 Moto Guzzi Societa Per Azioni Carburator and carburation system for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US134372A (en) * 1872-12-31 Improvement in svietallurgic gas-furnace valves
US1275032A (en) * 1916-12-14 1918-08-06 Edward A Huene Carbureter.

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3325153A (en) * 1967-06-13 Fuel metering valve for internal combustion engines
US3228412A (en) * 1962-07-16 1966-01-11 Bartelt Engineering Co Inc Dispensing valve having particular cleaning means
US3198442A (en) * 1963-06-28 1965-08-03 Grace W R & Co Nozzles
US3261557A (en) * 1963-12-11 1966-07-19 Seaquist Valve Co Aerosol dispenser
US4298549A (en) * 1979-10-29 1981-11-03 Woodworth Carburetor Corp. Of Nevada Carburetor
US4501706A (en) * 1983-08-29 1985-02-26 Thaddeus Kowalczyk Carburetor and system for utilizing same
US10000289B2 (en) 2012-02-02 2018-06-19 Senior Ip Gmbh Temperature control gasper apparatus
EP2891790A4 (fr) * 2012-08-31 2016-06-29 Ihi Corp Moteur à deux temps à balayage longitudinal
US9810142B2 (en) 2012-08-31 2017-11-07 Ihi Corporation Uniflow-scavenging-type two-cycle engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
OA01316A (fr) 1969-02-15
FR1216528A (fr) 1960-04-26
GB907576A (en) 1962-10-10
DE1145857B (de) 1963-03-21

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