US3002653A

US3002653A - Vending machine

Info

Publication number: US3002653A
Application number: US766846A
Authority: US
Inventors: Danziger William
Original assignee: Continental Vending Machine Corp
Current assignee: Continental Vending Machine Corp
Priority date: 1958-10-13
Filing date: 1958-10-13
Publication date: 1961-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 1978-10-03

Description

Oct. 3, 1961 w. DANZIGER 3,

VENDING MACHINE Filed Oct. 13, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 jgaLL-ublt ATTORNEY .i nflmimll r V// W H W. DANZIGER Oct. 3, 1961 VENDING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 13, 1958.

my l Hill miiliiillmm Hum INVE'NTOR MZZwLm Danzz o ATTORNEY 1961 w. DANZIGER 3,002,653

VENDING MACHINE Filed Oct. 15, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR 7451160072, flanzz'yer CJQM ZEZZBL ATTOR N EY Oct. 3, 1961 w, DANZIGER 3,002,653

VENDING MACHINE Filed Oct. 13, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG 8 FIG IO 45:80 43,80 1 FIG 7 i 1% 89 84 I an i l 1 Q; N I I i- 82 9/ I I I I 30 I I l I I I 1 90 I I I l 1 I I I 85 i J 3/ 43,8O I 82 3 INVENTOR W v WL'ZZI/amDanzz' er 30 BY 43180 4

A W

43,80 ATTORNEY rates This invention relates to a new and more advanced vending machine, of the coin actuated type, for storing and selling cigarettes and other packaged goods in substantially larger varieties than appears to be provided for in the trade.

The invention is believed to meet a growing need for a coin operated vender which stores and sells a wider range of merchandise choices than is provided for by an earlier machine manufactured and supplied the trade under a co-pending application filed on October 10, 1955, Ser. No. 539,394, by Harold Roth and myself, relating to ejecting mechanism only and not to increased storage of packages for more brand choices, as provided for by my sole invention herein.

Referring briefly to said earlier case, i.e., its patent drawings and the reference characters therein, it is seen that when its door 3 is opened the stationary rear hoppers row 36 is accessible for servicing (filling it with packages) by swinging the front hoppers row 43 outward. That machine is a two-row hoppers, twenty-column vender, and delivers its packages P to the delivery tray in the usual way. The stationary rear hoppers row 36 and the swingable hoppers row 43 are carried in a chassis between the two

upright standards

30 and 31.

The patent drawings (FIG. 6) of the earlier machine show a front ejecting cradle 61 for vending packages P from the front swingable hopper row 43 and a rear ejecting cradle 63 for the stationary rear hopper row 36. Each

swingable cradle

61 and 63 is provided with its ejecting fingers 67, one for each package storage hopper in the two rows.

It is noted in the earlier case that the front cradle 61 is in horizontal alignment with the bottom of the rear hopper row 36, and that the latter cannot very well be arranged to swing outward due to the obstruction interposed by the higher front vending cradle 61. This fact interposes a problem, solved by the present invention, and enables me to provide an additional hopper row at the rear of the cradle 61, which is capable of swinging outward above and over the cradle 61 in a manner similar to that swing out arrangement of the single hopper row 43 in the earlier case.

The foregoing summary of the patent drawings of the earlier case include those reference part numbers which are useful in describing my invention herein. The last part number in the earlier case is 75. Accordingly, in describing the present invention, I have started with part No. 80 to distinguish from the part numbers in the earlier case drawings. This first No. 80 on the new machine drawings herein points to a third hopper row 80 of ten columns which is added to the two-row hopper machine of the earlier case. This provides a total of thirty hoppers in my new machine, hence a thirty-variety choice of cigarettes which it can store and sell.

Having the general structure of the earlier vender in mind, it is a main purpose of the present invention to mount two front parallel rows of ten hoppers on the pivoted front stringer plate 38 (shown in the earlier case), thereby, with the ten hoppers in the stationary row, provide a total of thirty. Likewise, I retain the

swing cradles

61 and 63 with their ejecting fingers 67, together With other features of the earlier machine used in my new vender but omitted from the present patent drawatent Iiatented Get. 3, i951 The attached drawings are now considered. along with this specification and claimed subject matter disclosing the invention as preferred and embodied at this time for an understanding of the problem discovered and new results sought. Since the teachings herein may suggest structural changes to others, it will be appreciated that subsequent modifications hereof may well be equivalent in form and hence the same in spirit as this. disclosure.

The new drawings are made from a production (commercial) specimen of my new 30-column cigarette vender. However, those parts of it which are not essential to the invention have been omitted from the drawings. Also, separate parts of it (which were welded or anchored together solely for manufacturing purposes) have been shown integrally. These schematic views are presented to illustrate the inventive concept and principles involved, rather than the exact commercial structural form of my new three-hopper rows, thirty-column, vender.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view in perspective, looking from the front right side of my new thirty-column cigarette vender, showing the earlier front hopper row 43 and adjacent second new rear hopper row 8i) built together (integrated or joined) and thus adapted to operate (move) as'a hopper rows unit 43, 8%. It lifts up and swings outward, for convenience in filling (servicing) the second row of hoppers of the movable unit with packages.

The first view also shows the

swinging cradles

61 and 63 with their ejecting fingers 67 of the earlier vender case.

Furthermore, FIG. 1 shows the earlier third row 36 of package hoppers (in phantom). It is stationary on the machine chassis and not specifically related to the present invention since the third row is accessible for servicing (filling it with packages) in the same manner as in the earlier case.

Note that FIG. 1 shows only the left and right ends of the three parallel hopper rows 43, 8t), and 36, in order to enlarge the working parts in this view. Both FIGS. 1 and 6 show an omission of hoppers, as indicated by the break-line B.

FIG. 2 is an end view (reduced scale) of FIG. 1 taken on the line 2 of the latter. This view shows the righthand end of my new lift-and-swing-out hopper rows unit.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the lower end of the rear (second or back) hopper of the movable hopper rows unit. This view shows (1) a cycling interlock and (2) an aligning down stop. The machine is in action, ejecting a package.

FIG. 4 is a section on the line 4 of FIG. 3, showing a front or face view of the aligning down stop, comprising a slip-in stud fixed on the rear of the movable hopper rows unit. The stud is center-seated in an alignment pocket fixed on the stationary chassis. It makes the entire

hopper rows unit

43, 80 steady against endwise (lateral) misalignment, but permits normal up and down movement of the unit.

FIG. 5 is also an end view (like FIG. 2) but it is an action View. The hopper rows unit has been released 1 from a hold down latch and also from its aligning down stop and, thereafter, lifted upward either manually or by two lift springs first shown in FIG. 1, thus elevated above the high point of the high front cradle 61 which, otherwise, obstructs (in the path of) the new hopper row 80, when it and the front row 43 swing outward as in FIG. 6.

FIG. 6 is also an action view. It shows a rear elevation of the hopper rows unit not only lifted upward, as in FIG. 5, but now swung outward 90, in order to gain access to the back or second row 80' of hoppers of the movable unit for the purpose of more conveniently filling its back row with packages.

Note that the action views, FIGS. and 6, aid an understanding of the mode of operation as well as the principle of this new thirty-column vender, having two swing-out

hopper rows

43 and 80,,supplemei1ted by the one stationary earlier machine hopper row 36.

Sheet 4 of the drawings shows a pair of spring-loaded upright slide bearings, one at the left-hand end of the movable hopper rows unit and the other at its right-hand end. The one at the left is combined with a hinge which provides for the swing out (FIG. 6) of the lifted (FIG. 5) hopper rows unit.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are paired, side by side, and are to be read together. They show the two different positions occupied by the left-hand lift spring combined with the hinge means first shown in FIG. 1, by which my new

hopper rows unit

43, 80 is swung outward (FIG. 6) to gain access to the back side of my new hopper row 89, by which to fill its columns with packages P, when the operator also fills the last hopper row 36 (FIGS. 1 and 2) in the rear of the cabinet.

FIG. 7 shows the left-hand lift spring initially compressed (spring-loaded) on its hinge pin slide bearing, when the two

hopper rows unit

43, 80 has been serviced, has been pushed down manually by a service operator, latched down, and in vending position as in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

FIG. 8 shows the left-hand lift spring expanded, hence up, elevating the hopper rows unit (FIGS. 5 and 6) on the hinge pin slide-bearing at the left-hand end of the two

row hopper unit

43, 80.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are also paired, side by side. They are also to be read together. Note that these two views show the two different positions occupied by the right-hand lift spring first shown in FIG. 1. It complements (assists) the left-hand lift spring, when an operator is adjusting (or lifting) the unit upward into FIG. 5 position.

FIG. 9 shows the right-hand lift spring in its down position (compressed, spring-loaded) when the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 is down in vending position, as in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

FIG. 10 shows the right-hand lift spring (expanded) when it has lifted (or assisted) the hopper rows until 43, 80 upwardly (FIG. 5), in readiness to swinging outward (FIG. 6).

It is believed that the foregoing description discloses the invention. Each view has been presented in detail. The earlier case, by its drawings, has been referred to. The new parallel two-row hoppers-

unit

43, 80 has been explained. However, further details are described.

More detailed description of my new vender In more particularly describing my invention, the parts of the earlier vender heretofore summarized are used in combination with the new elements constituting the improvement. In the earlier drawings, the last part number (reference character) is 75. Accordingly, the new parts constituting my improvement start with reference No. 80, as heretofore noted.

Accordingly, I utilize the front swing hopper row 43 of the earlier vender and mount my new hopper row 89 on or with it, by employing two channel stringers 81 to which the two

hopper rows

43 and 80 are welded. In this 'way, I provide two rows of hoppers at the front 'of my machine, and they are accessible by opening the door 3 of the cabinet. The two joined (integrated) front hopper rows may be referred to as the hopper rows unit or lift swing out

unit

43, 80.

Two spaced hinge pin ears 82 are shown fixed to or integrally on the left end of the

hopper rows unit

43, 80. A hinge pin 83 (rod or shaft) is fixed in the lower ear, and thus in fixed relation with the hopper rows unit. The left end chassis standard 30 in the earlier case and also in this improved machine has two spaced bearing flanges 84 extending inwardly of the cabinet, and a lift spring 85 is compressed on the hinge pin 83 between the upper ear 82 of the hopper rows unit and the lower flange 84 of the chassis 30. See FIGS. 7 and 8.

A stop lug 86 (FIGS. 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8) is fixed on the left end of the hopper rows unit,.in vertical alignment with the lower bearing flange 34. This stop lug 36 seats and rests upon the lower flange 84- when the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 is down in normal vending position (FIGS. 1-4 and 7), and rises above it when the hopper rows unit is lifted (FIGS. 5 and 8) and thereafter swung outward (FIG. 6).

The right end of the hopper rows unit is provided with a spring-loaded lifting mechanism, as now described. A horizontal lift bar 88 is fixed (welded) on the right end of the hopper rows unit 43, 8%). It serves as a stringer to secure the two hopper rows together and, moreover, is a part of the spring-loaded lift means, which complements the spring-loaded lift means at the left end of the hopper rows unit.

It is noted that the right end standard 31 of the machine chassis has two spaced bracket lugs 89 extending inward of the machine chassis. A guide rod 90 is fixed in the two lugs 39 and thus is a stationary part with the chassis. A lift plate 1 has its bearing hub slidably mounted on the guide rod 90 for an up and down movement thereon. Note that this slidable lift plate 91 extends under and in vertical alignment with the lift bar 88 fixed on the right end'of the hopper rows unit and, thereby adapted to engage it.

A lift coil spring 92 is initially compressed on the guide rod 90, with the upper end of the spring engaging the movable lift plate 91 for urging the latter upwardly. The lower end of the lift spring 92 stops against the stationary bracket lug 89 on the chassis 31. Under initial compression, the spring pushes up on the bearing hub of the lift plate 91 and against the lift bar 88 on the

hopper rows unit

43, 80. 7

It will be understood that the initial compression of the lift spring 92 approximately conforms to that of the lift spring 85 at the opposite end of the

hopper rows unit

43, 80. With this arrangement, the two lift springs 85 and 92 (one at each end of the unit), tend to urge the entire unit upwardly on an even keel, equalized, and in exact horizontal balance.

In the event that the package hoppers of the unit are loaded with packages, the operator will assist the two

springs

85 and 92 by manually adjusting the unit upwardly. On the other hand, the unit may rise automatically if it is empty, when the operator makes ready to service the vender and fill it with packages.

A horizontal swing bar 93 has its left end pivoted at 94 on the chassis standard 34 extends the full length of the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 at the front of the latter, and is manually operated by a service man or operator for releasing the unit in order that the latter may be displaced upward, swung out and filled with packages. Incidentally, the swing bar 93 is made sufficiently wide to support a match book magazine dispenser (not shown) usually included in the mechanism of a vending machine.

A left side latch 95 is provided at the left end of the swing bar 93 and comprises a hook which overrides, engages, and holds down against a lug on the left end of the hopper (FIGS. 1, 2 and 5). Similarly, a right hook 96 is provided on the right end of the swing bar, and it rides -over and holds down the forward end of the lift bar 88. The two latching means 95 and 96 are rigidly formed on the swing bar 93 and may be released from the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 by an operator who grips a handle shown on the latch 96, .or otherwise pulls the bar outward to release the two

latches

95 and 96.

The left end hook 95 and right end hook 96 cooperate to stabilizethe

hopper rows unit

43, 80 in its normal vending position. Each hook is located at opposite'ends of the unit and anchors it in a locked down and precisely even-keel vending position against up movement from the two lifting springs 85 and 92.

There is next provided a means for ensuring that the above described pivoted swing bar 93 will remain in its required exact position, with the two manually

operable latches

95 and 96 gripping the

hopper rows unit

43, 80. Since the unit is being pushed upwardly by the lift springs 85 and 92, it is necessary to provide a chassis anchorage for the right end of the swing bar 93 to insure against slight misalignment relatively to the

chassis

30, 31 which lost-motion at the pivot 94 might otherwise permit.

A levelling stud 97 projects from the right end of the swing bar 93 and is moved into a definite stop position under the chassis 31 or a projection therefrom marked 31 in FIGS. 1 and 2. t In this way the chassis, as a foundation, establishes a positive levelling position, through the levelling stud 97, for the entire length of the pivoted swing -bar 93. This ensures that the bar 93 holds the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 in normal vending position, i.e., in precise operative relation to the coin operated vend mechanism underneath the hoppers, as later explained.

A stud hook 98 is pivoted on the chassis 31 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and hooks over the levelling stud 97 to positively hold the stud under the chassis bracket 31 and hence the two

latches

95 and 96 in locking position. The several anchorage means involved ties the hopper rows unit and swing bar together as one and also the latter to the machine chassis.

The foregoing description covers a triple latch and/or hook means 95, 96 and 98, which anchors the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 against forward and upper displacement, thereby serving those two important functions in maintaining the unit in precisely exact vending position. However, the foregoing latching and/ or hook means does not provide for a positive and accurately locked down stop against lateral (endwise) misalignment of the hopper rows unit. Accordingly, the latter is next described.

A channel rail 99 has its end (FIGS. 1 and 6) projecting from the right end of the second or back row 80 of the hopper rows unit. The channel rail 99 as a whole has parts and performs a function in the machine other than here related to the invention, but those parts are omitted. A headed slip-in stud 100 is rigidly carried on the rail end 99. A centering pocket 101 is fixed on the chassis standard'31. The pocket has a V-shaped slot entry for the head and shank of the slip-in stud 100 (FIGS. 1 through 5).

The stud 100 and its centering pocket or socket 101, in combination, may be referred to as an aligning down stop. When the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 is locked down in vending position, by the aforesaid triple latch and/or hook means 95, 96 and 98, the aligning stop slip-in stud 100 sits in its pocket 101 and provides a precisely accurate down position for the lower ends of the hopper bottoms, in order that the vending (ejecting) mechanism underneath the hoppers may properly align and operate to vend packages therefrom. In other Words, the mobile

hopper rows unit

43, 80 is fixed against mobility (lateral, edgewise) fractional misalignment, in relation to the

ejecting mechanism

61 and 63 underneath thereof.

According to the foregoing, it is seen that the aligning down

stop parts

100 and 101 at one end of the hopper rows unit, complemented by the stop lug 86 (FIGS. 2, 5, 7 and 8) at the other end, insures a centered and parallel alignment (against lateral misalignment) of the hopper bottoms with their underneath vending (eject) mechanism, next explained.

The front ejecting cradle 61, and rear ejecting cradle 63 are, respectively, for the front and rear hopper rows 43 and of my new mobile hopper rows unit. As noted from the reference numbers, these two ejecting cradles, with their ejecting fingers 67, are the same parts as used in the earlier machine.

It is now apparent that the front cradle 61 is in forward horizontal alignment with the lower portion of the bottoms of the second hopper row 80 (FIG. 2). Therefore, my new

hopper rows unit

43, 80 cannot be swung outwardly, to the left, on its hinge 83, without first raising the unit. FIG. 5 demonstrates how it is first lifted, in order to clear the front cradle 61 which otherwise would obstruct it.

The cycle interlock This element of the invention provides means for protecting the delicate vending and

ejecting mechanism

61 and 63 from damage in the event an operator undertakes to lift the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 when, indeed, the machine may have stopped in the middle of its vending cycle (FIG. 3). In the event of the latter, an ejecting finger 67 is operatively engaged with and on the inside of one of the hopper bottoms. The hopper rows unit, if lifted, would damage the ejecting fingers 67 and other parts of the

hopper rows unit

43, 80.

To prevent such damage to this new machine, an automatic interlock, or cycle lock 102, is pivotally mounted on the chassis standard 31 (FIG. 1). It is also shown (FIGS. 2, 3 and 5) mounted on its pivot which is in section, and thus without the chassis standard 31. In FIG. 3, however, the stationary frame support 31 for the pivot of the cycle lock 102 is shown in phantom (dot-dash lines).

The cycle interlock 102 comprises a simple form of weighted hook, the hook portion forming the top end and a weight forming the bottom end of this automatic lock. The lower weighted end of the lock 102 urges it clockwise. Consequently, its hook always engages the lower flange of the channel rail 99, heretofore men tioned. Note also that the cycle interlock 102 is located at the rear of the machine and not conveniently accessible to the operator, by which he might release it if the machine has a mishap and stops in the middle of a vending cycle (FIG. 3).

The interlock 102 is entirely automatic, in that it is released from the rear channel 99 only at the time the rear cradle 63 has returned to its back position at the end of its vending cycle, whereupon the cradle 63 engages (strikes) the lower weighted end of the cycle lock 102 and forces its hook counterclockwise, thereby disengaging it from the channel rail 99.

In the foregoing manner, the interlock 102 positively prevents in operator from raising the

hopper rows unit

43, 80 in the event that the machine stops in the middle of its cycle (FIG. 3) when ejecting a package P from the bottom of a hopper. The operator cannot do so, despite the fact he may have released the swing bar 93 and the stud hook 98 at the front of the machine. He must first get the machine started again, or work it by hand, until it completes a cycle and releases the interlock (FIG. 2), before the mobile hopper rows unit is raised (FIG. 5).

This disclosure explains the principles of the invention and the best mode contemplated in applying such principles, so as to distinguish the invention from others;

and there is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed the part, improvement or combination, which is believed to be the invention or discovery.

This invention is presented to fill a need for a new and useful vending machine. Various modifications in construction, mode of operation, use and method, may and often do occur to others, especially so after acquaintance with an invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that this disclosure is exemplary of the principles herein and embraces equivalent constructions.

What is claimed is:

1. In a known vending machine, having a cabinet and chassis, on which are mounted parts of said known machine, including three or more parallel rows of package storage hoppers, the front row thereof having its lower ends located above the lower ends of the second row of hoppers, with a package ejecting finger under the bottom of each front hopper, and an ejecting finger similarly under the bottom of each second row hopper, hence a row of ejecting fingers for said front and second rows of hoppers, the front row of ejecting fingers being positioned above and thus higher than the second row of ejecting fingers and thereby disposed in the horizontal path of the second row of hopper bottoms, with power means for actuating the ejecting fingers through a vending cycle; that improvement in said known vending machine, which consists in joining said front and second parallel rows of hoppers as a unit, thus providing a hopper rows unit, in combination with a structural arrangement, by which the unit may be elevated from its normal vending position, and moved outwardly of said cabinet, in order to have access to the back side of the second row of hoppers of the movable unit for filling said second row with packages, and then returning and holding the unit to its fixed position; said improved arrangement comprising an upright slide-bearing, which mounts the hopper rows unit in the chassis, for a limited up and down movement in relation to the ejecting finger rows; a hinge at one end of the hopper rows unit, a spring-loaded means exerting an upward lift against the hopper rows unit, operative along the slide-bearing, so that the bottoms of the second row of hoppers may be first adjusted by an operator to an up position, above the higher front ejecting finger row, and thereafter undergo a swing-out clearance over it; a hold down latch to secure the hopper rows unit in down position, against the exerted upward lift, adjacent the respective ejecting finger rows; and a releasable aligning down stop, acting to position and accurately center, by exact location, the down position of the bottoms of all the hoppers of the hopper rows unit, in operative relation to the respective ejecting finger rows, for normal vending operations.

2. A vending machine as a claim 1, characterized by means included in the hold down latch, adapting it to be manually released by an operator, in order that he may adjust the hopper rows unit upward, to gain clearance above the front higher ejecting finger row, and thereupon, swing the unit outward, so as to gain access to the back side of the hopper rows unit, for loading its rear hoppers with packages; and likewise including a cycling interlock operatively mounted on the chassis at the rear of the hopper rows unit, beyond convenient reach of the operator, for locking the hopper rows unit in normally down position, and in operative alignment with the ejecting finger rows, centered by the aligning down stop; and also means for automatically releasing the cycling interlock only at the end of each vending cycle.

3. A vending machine as in claim- 1, characterized by a horizontal swing bar, a pivot carrying that end of the swing bar which is on the same side of the machine as the hinge of the hopper rows unit; the swing bar length being substantially equal to the horizontal length of the hopper rows unit, and located at the front of the latter, accessible to an operator when servicing the machine; and two of said hold down latches carried in spaced relation on the swing bar, one latch near each end of the hopper rows unit.

' 4. A vending machine as in claim 1, wherein the spring-loaded means comprises a coil spring at eachend of the hopper rows unit, which uniformly exertsaid upward lift at each end of the unit.

5. In a known vending machine, having a cabinet and chassis, on which are mounted parts of said known machine, including three or more parallel rows of package storage hoppers, the front row thereof having its lower ends located above the lower ends of the second row of hoppers, with a package ejecting finger under the bottom of each front hopper, and an ejecting finger similarly under the bottom of each second row hopper, hence a'row of ejecting fingers for said front and said second rows of hoppers, the front row of ejecting fingers being positioned above and thus higher than the second row of ejecting fingers and thereby disposed in the horizontal path of the second row of hopper bottoms, with power means for actuating the ejecting fingers through a vending cycle; that improvement in said known vending machine, which consists in joining said front and said second parallel rows of hoppers as a unit, thus providing a. hopper rows unit, in combination with a structural arrangement, by which the unit may be elevated from its normal vending position, and moved outwardly of said cabinet, in order to have access to the back side of said second row of hoppers of the movable hopper rows unit for filling its said second row with packages, and then returning and fixedly holding the unit to and in exact operative relation with the respective rows of ejecting fingers; said improved structural arrangement comprising an upright slide-bearing, which mounts the hopper rows unit in the chassis, for a limited up and down movement in relation to the ejecting finger rows; a hinge at one end of the hopper rows unit, a means exerting an upward lift against the hopper rows unit, operative along the slide-bearing, so that the bottoms of the second row of hoppers may be first elevated to an up position, above the higher front ejecting finger row, and thereafter undergo an outward clearance movement over it; also a hold down means to secure the hopper rows unit in down position, against the exerted upward lift, adjacent the respective ejective finger rows; and an aligning down stop means, acting to position and accurately center, by exact location, the down position of the bottoms of all the hoppers of the hopper rows unit, in exact operative relation to the respective ejecting finger rows, for normal vending operations.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 533,197 Jaeger et al. Jan. 29, 1895 743,182 Meyer Nov. 3, 1903 865,275 Sons et al. Sept. 3, 1907 986,490 Morris et al. Mar. 14, 1911 1,079,556 Israel Nov. 25, 1913 1,731,544 Rockhoif Oct. 15, 1929. 1,829,140 Hitchman Oct. 27, 1931 1,922,915 Hails Aug. 15, 1933 2,313,500 Anderson Mar. 9, 1943 2,342,452 Casteen Feb. 22, 1944 2,356,687 OReilly Aug. 22, 1944 2,575,129 Rubenstein Nov. 13, 1951 2,594,147 Fry Apr. 22, 1952 2,643,929 Keefe June 30, 1953 2,808,961 Gabrielsen Oct. 8, 1957 2,824,666 Hausladen Feb. 25, 1958 2,843,242 Gabrielsen et al. July 15, 1958