US2999364A - Method and devices for separating components from a gas- and/or vapour mixture - Google Patents

Method and devices for separating components from a gas- and/or vapour mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
US2999364A
US2999364A US749509A US74950958A US2999364A US 2999364 A US2999364 A US 2999364A US 749509 A US749509 A US 749509A US 74950958 A US74950958 A US 74950958A US 2999364 A US2999364 A US 2999364A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
snow
gauze
layer
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US749509A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hellingman Evert
Cornelis Jacobus Marie Va Laan
Roozendaal Klaas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US2999364A publication Critical patent/US2999364A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D7/00—Sublimation
    • B01D7/02—Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2

Definitions

  • FIGSQ NVENTOR EVERT HELLINGMAN CORNELIS JACOBUS MARIA VAN DE R LAAN KLAAS ROOZENDAAL AGE tateS
  • the present invention relates to methods and devices for separating components from a gas and/or vapour mixture by cooling.
  • the required wall surface is comparatively large.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a device for separating fractions, for example water and carbonic acid from the air, which has a simple construction and is fairly compact, While the snow deposit is readily removable.
  • the fractionating device permits a considerable operation period'of the machine atent 1 or system, for example a gas-fractionating system, in
  • a layer of gas and/ or vapour-passing snow is built up, while separation of the components, for example water and carbonic acid, isetfected by passing the mixture of gas and/or vapour through said layer of snow.
  • the snow may be formed by one or more of the components themselves. Alternatively, however, snow may first be formed, for example from water vapour, and serve to collect another component, for example carbonic acid.
  • snow can be trapped, as it were, with snow.
  • the layer of snow built up increases on passing the mixture to be treated through it against the direction of flow of the air and fresh snow deposits on the previous snow in a form allowing the passage of The snow deposit is found to result from the fact that the heat flow through the mass of snow itself is sufiicient to maintain the outside at a low temperature, thus creating a temperature gradient in the layer of snow itself.
  • snow is to be taken in a wide sense.
  • sulphur may be separated from a vapour by passing this vapour through a layer of sulphur snow, in which layer a temperature gradient must then be present according to the invention.
  • the temperature of the snow is not below zero.
  • the layer of snow built up continuously remains in good condition as a filter for the fractions to be separated, for example water and carbonic acid. It is found that, during operation, the layer of snow may become very thick, for example 7 cms. and more without involving a high flow resistance.
  • the layer of gas-passing snow essential to the invention may be formed on a cooled wall which should also permit the passage of gas or vapour.
  • porous walls or walls consisting ice of sieve material enter into account.
  • the sieve mate-- rial may-have round orslit-shaped meshes.
  • the layer of snow formed on such gauze is easily removable, even by means of a simple scraper.
  • the gauze need not be fine-meshed.
  • the apertures in the wall may, for example, have a minimum dimension of from 0.1 to S mms., preferably 0.4 to 2 mms.
  • the wall(s) should be maintained at a comparatively low temperature.
  • the wall is maintained at a temperature zero or a number of degrees lower than that corresponding to the permis sible vapour tension of the component frozen out at the lowest temperature.
  • a wall temperature of approximately '-l65 C. is advisable.
  • Several walls may be placed one behind the other in the current of gas so that, for example, the first wall mainly serves for separating water, the next one for separating CO and, if desired, a third wall for separating acetylene.
  • therate of fiow of the supplied gas current is preferably maintained at a value amounting at most to 10 cm./sec.
  • the term-rate of flow is to be understood to mean the speed of the gas near the location of the gauze, if the gauze is; thought to be removed.
  • the required wall (gauze) sur face being calculated from this rate-and the quantity of gas.
  • the wall(s) on which the layer of snow deposits can be continuously cooled in many difierent ways.
  • the wall is conductively connected to conductive strips, ribs, rods or tubes adapted. to be cooled. They are secured, for example through at heat-conductive member such as a copper plate, to a cold member, for example the head of a gas refrigerator, that is to say a machine operating according to the reversed hot-gas principle.
  • the separator may be a selfcontained removable unit and in this case cooling may be elfected by placing the wall(s) partially in a collecting member, for example a trough for liquid gas.
  • the wall(s) of the separator may be provided around or against a boiler of a gas-fractionating column, for example about or against circulation vapour pipes of such a boiler.
  • novel separator may be used with advantage in refrigerators for very low temperatures designed for circulation of a cold gas.
  • the snow layer is an efiective filter for the newly formed snow which forms invariably, for example when opening such refrigerators.
  • the desired layer of snow is formed on the gauze by passing moist air through the gauze. After some time a layer of snow forms by which all the snow is collected.
  • the required surface of the gauze need not be extremely large.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a self-contained gas separator which is cooled by means of liquid gas in a trough.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view'of a detail on the line -II-II of FIG. :1.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal section ofa'separator secured to the cold head of a gas refrigerator.
  • FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional view on the line of FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 4and 5 illustrate diagrammatically the use with the boiler of a gas-fractionating column.
  • FIG. 5a illustrates a possible form of the gauze shown in FIG. 5.
  • a refrigeration chamber is'shown diagrammatically in iln FIGS. 1 and '2, a cage is formed by radial copper strips 1 placed on edge and flat strips 4, which strips are surrounded by gauze or perforated wall 2 secured by soldering.
  • the assembly is placed in a trough 3, for example filled with liquid air.
  • the well So should adjoin the gauze 2.
  • the -direction of flow of the gas to be treated is from the outside to the inside (arrows p).
  • a cage is formed of flat strips 1 and 4 connected to sturdy pieces 5 and 6 of heat-conductive material.
  • the plate 5 is secured to the cold head 9 of a gas refrigerator with ribs '10. on which air fed to the head' condenses.
  • the cage is surrounded'by gauze 2.
  • This gauze is the coldest element and'a layer of snow formed on it mainly traps C
  • the piece of gauze 2a is provided around rods or 13 which are connected through a disc 14 to a bushing '6jand to which cold is supplied from this member.
  • the gauze is soldered to pipes it can be cooled by *means of cold liquid or gas flowing through the pipes.
  • the annular spaces -r and s should have a volumetric capacity sufiicient for housing the layers of snow.
  • the gauze 2 is provided around circulation pipes 15 of a boiler 16.
  • FIG. a shows how the gauze 2 may be folded in zignag-form.
  • FIG. 6 shows a refrigeration chamber 17. Cold-air is fed at 18 and carried off at 19. A snow filter forms on the gauze 2. 7 Y

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US749509A 1957-07-26 1958-07-18 Method and devices for separating components from a gas- and/or vapour mixture Expired - Lifetime US2999364A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL219381 1957-07-26

Publications (1)

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US2999364A true US2999364A (en) 1961-09-12

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US749509A Expired - Lifetime US2999364A (en) 1957-07-26 1958-07-18 Method and devices for separating components from a gas- and/or vapour mixture

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2999364A (ja)
BE (1) BE569706A (ja)
CH (1) CH370104A (ja)
DK (1) DK103517C (ja)
FR (1) FR1207926A (ja)
GB (1) GB885482A (ja)
NL (2) NL98130C (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3157480A (en) * 1960-05-06 1964-11-17 Philips Corp Device for separating out in the solid state components from a gas mixture by cooling
US3162517A (en) * 1960-05-07 1964-12-22 Philips Corp Arrangement for separating in a solid state constituents from a gas mixture
US3220167A (en) * 1960-05-07 1965-11-30 Philips Corp Arrangement for separating in a solid state constituents from a gas mixture
US3835657A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-09-17 Chemetron Corp Carbon dioxide extruded pellets

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2751979A1 (de) * 1977-11-22 1979-05-23 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Verfahren zur fraktionierten desublimation von pyromellitsaeuredianhydrid

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2214672A (en) * 1936-03-26 1940-09-10 Linde S Eismaachinen A G Ges Heat storer
US2386297A (en) * 1943-10-07 1945-10-09 Air Reduction Separation of the constituents of gaseous mixtures by liquefaction and rectification
US2532288A (en) * 1946-06-21 1950-12-05 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Heat exchange unit
US2586207A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-02-19 Joy Mfg Co Accumulator
US2585912A (en) * 1947-11-01 1952-02-19 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Regenerator for the recovery of the cold content of gases
US2648205A (en) * 1948-03-30 1953-08-11 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Rectification of mixed gases
US2734354A (en) * 1951-05-25 1956-02-14 Refrigerator gas liquification device
US2777299A (en) * 1953-04-13 1957-01-15 Kellogg M W Co Separating gas mixtures

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2214672A (en) * 1936-03-26 1940-09-10 Linde S Eismaachinen A G Ges Heat storer
US2386297A (en) * 1943-10-07 1945-10-09 Air Reduction Separation of the constituents of gaseous mixtures by liquefaction and rectification
US2532288A (en) * 1946-06-21 1950-12-05 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Heat exchange unit
US2585912A (en) * 1947-11-01 1952-02-19 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Regenerator for the recovery of the cold content of gases
US2586207A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-02-19 Joy Mfg Co Accumulator
US2648205A (en) * 1948-03-30 1953-08-11 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Rectification of mixed gases
US2734354A (en) * 1951-05-25 1956-02-14 Refrigerator gas liquification device
US2777299A (en) * 1953-04-13 1957-01-15 Kellogg M W Co Separating gas mixtures

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3157480A (en) * 1960-05-06 1964-11-17 Philips Corp Device for separating out in the solid state components from a gas mixture by cooling
US3162517A (en) * 1960-05-07 1964-12-22 Philips Corp Arrangement for separating in a solid state constituents from a gas mixture
US3220167A (en) * 1960-05-07 1965-11-30 Philips Corp Arrangement for separating in a solid state constituents from a gas mixture
US3835657A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-09-17 Chemetron Corp Carbon dioxide extruded pellets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL98130C (ja)
GB885482A (en) 1961-12-28
DK103517C (da) 1966-01-17
FR1207926A (fr) 1960-02-19
BE569706A (ja)
CH370104A (de) 1963-06-30
NL219381A (ja)

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