US3410106A - Purge unit for refrigeration machine - Google Patents
Purge unit for refrigeration machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3410106A US3410106A US599816A US59981666A US3410106A US 3410106 A US3410106 A US 3410106A US 599816 A US599816 A US 599816A US 59981666 A US59981666 A US 59981666A US 3410106 A US3410106 A US 3410106A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- refrigerant
- chamber
- foreign
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 title description 31
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/04—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases
- F25B43/043—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for withdrawing non-condensible gases for compression type systems
Definitions
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a refrigeration machine having a purge unit of the present invention associated therewith.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken through the purge unit used in the FIG. 1 machine.
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 3-3 in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a conventional refrigeration machine of, for example, fifty tons or more capacity, comprising a tube-shell refrigerant condenser 10, tubeshell refrigerant evaporator 12, and centrifugal refrigerant compressor 14.
- Condenser is provided with the conventional float chamber 16 which supplies liquid refrigerant to the main liquid line 18 going to evaporator 12.
- Evaporated refrigerant is discharged from the evaporator to a vapor line 20 going to the inlet of compressor 14.
- Compressed refrigerant vapor is delivered to a hot gas line 22 leading to condenser 10.
- Condenser 10 preferably operates somewhat above atmospheric pressure, while evaporator 12 operates at sub-atmospheric pressures.
- the illustrated machine is provided with a purge unit 24 designed to rid the treated refrigerant of foreign nortcondensibles such as air carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and foreign condensibles such as water.
- Unit 24 comprises an upright cylindrical shell which is supplied with impure or or untreated refrigerant gas through a small conduit coming from the upper portion of condenser shell 10.
- Coolant for separating the non-condensibles may be supplied through a small liquid refrigerant line 32 coming from the liquid supply chamber 16; liquid flow through line 32 is set by a fixed orifice 34.
- the spent liquid coolant may be discharged from purge unit 24 back to the machine via a liquid line 36 discharging into the low side of the machine, as for example the upper portion of evaporator 12.
- the treated condensed refrigerant (freed of the noncondensibles) falls into the lower portion of the purge unit where the foreign condensibles (water) are separated by density differences.
- the purified refrigerant may be discharged from the purge unit through a liquid line 38 connecting with the evaporator 12 or some point in the system below purge unit pressure. Separated foreign condensibles may be periodically discharged through a manual valve 98.
- the purge unit comprises an upper cylindrical shell section 40 having a flat top wall 42 welded thereto at its upper edge and a flat annular flange plate 44 welded about its lower edge; positioned flatwise against 3,410,106 Patented Nov. 12, 1968 "ice flange 44 is a bottom plate 46, suitable bolts 48 extending through the flange and plate to removably secure the plate on the lower portion of the shell.
- An O-ring seal 50 may be provided to seal the shell-plate joint.
- the purge unit can be sized within a range of different dimensions, depending on the size of the refrigeration machine, an illustrative shell might have a height of about thirteen inches and a diameter of eight inches, making it quite small in comparison with the refrigeration machine, which might be on the order of fifteen feet in length.
- the aforementioned gas line 30 connects with a small cup-like fitting 52 having a hole registering with the orifice 54 in shell 40, whereby a controlled quantity of vapor flows into the space 56 due to the pressure drop existing between condenser 10 and the space 56 within shell 26.
- the condenser pressure is somewhat above atmospheric pressure, and the pressure in space 56 may be at slightly greater or slightly less than atmospheric pressure. depending on the accumulation of noncondensibles therein.
- annular partition 58 Removably arranged within shell 26 is an upstanding annular partition 58 of cylindrical tubular configuration, said partition having at least one opening 60 nearits mid point for equalizing the pressure across the partition side wall.
- the upper edge of partition 58 is welded to a flat circular plate-like roof 62 having a short angle iron spacer element 64 secured thereto for spacing the partition roof assembly from the shell tube wall 42.
- the lower edge of annular partition 58 is provided with one or more openings 66 which permit liquid to flow from annular chamber 56 inwardly into the space 68 circumscribed by the lower portion of wall 58.
- Heat exchange coil 70 located in the annular chamber 56, i.e. in the space between partition 58 and shell wall 40.
- Heat exchange coil '70 comprises a generally vertical liquid coolant supply conduit 72 brazed onto a pipe 74 which is welded to plate 46.
- the upper end of conduit 72 connects with a helical conduit 76 which spirals upwardly around the outer surface of partition 58 to a generally U-shaped return bend 78.
- the return bend connects with a downwardly spiraling helical conduit 80 which has its lowermost convolution connected to a vertical discharge conduit 82, said conduit 82 being brazed onto a pipe (not shown) which is welded to plate 46 in a manner similar to pipe 74.
- Pipe 74 connects with the aforementioned conduit 32 (FIG. 1). and the corresponding pipe for conduit 82 connects with line 36 (FIG. 1).
- Helical conduits 76 and 80 may be formed with fins on their outer surfaces to increase condensing surface and improve the cooling action on the gas in chamber 56.
- the cooling action causes the refrigerant (with foreign eondensibles) to be condensed and to flow gravitationally downwardly to collect in the lower annular chamber designated by numeral 60.
- the non-condensibles (such as air which has leaked into the system) collect in the upper portion of chamber 56 and move around the peripheral edge of roof 62 into the space 84 between roof 62 and shell top wall 42.
- a conventional pressure switch 86 (FIG. 1) connects with space 84 via a pipe 88, and a conventional solenoid valve 90 connects with space 84 via a pipe 92.
- the solenoid portion of the valve is electrically connected with the pressure switch 86 so that when the pressure in space 84 indicates an accumulation of non-condensible gas and is slightly above atmospheric pressure the solenoid is energized to open the valve and discharge the non-condensibles to the atmosphere.
- a stand pipe 94 having its open upper end on the same level as the upper edge 96 of the annular tubular partition 98.
- the stand pipe 94 connects with a manual valve 98 (FIG. 1) which is normally closed. Therefore after a period of service during which foreign condensibles have accumulated in the system a column of liquid will normally collect in stand pipe 94 as well as in the annular chamber 60.
- the relatively pure refrigerant will of course have a few parts per million water dissolved therein, and the term pure is therefore used in a comparative sense. Due to the density differences no water will get down to the openings 66 in partition 58.
- the liquid column in chamber 68 will therefore be pure liquid refrigerant.
- the lighter water layer will have a surface level 104 somewhat higher than the surface level 106 of the relatively pure refrigerant in annular chamber 68 because the water column has a lesser weight per unit height than the corresponding refrigerant column in chamber 68.
- the difference in surface level (104 compared to 106) will increase as the amount of liquid impurity increases.
- the level interface 105 will tend to lower and the surface level 104 will tend to raise as the amount of foreign con densibles increases.
- the manual valve 98 will be opened to remove the accumulated foreign condensibles.
- a conventional float valve 110 Arranged within the chamber space 108 circumscribed by partition 98 is a conventional float valve 110 connected with a pipe 112 which is welded to bottom plate 46. Pipe 112 in turn connects with line 38 (FIG. 1) going back to the machine.
- the arrangement is such that overflow of liquid refrigerant across the upper edge 96 of wall 98 will establish a general liquid level 114 in chamber 108.
- the float valve opens to discharge pure liquid refrigerant back to the machine.
- the float valve closes.
- the float valve maintains a sufficient liquid level in chambar 108 to provide a desired pressure differential between space 68 and the liquid line 18, thus preventing the chamber 56 gas from bypassing the heat exchange coil through pressure equalizer opening 60, pipe 112, and line 38.
- the illustrated purge unit incorporates two purge unit functions in a single shell, i.e. foreign non-condensibles purging and foreign condensibles purging.
- the single shell structure thus represents an improvement in compactness and parts simplicity, as well as a reduced number of external joints subject to leakage.
- each of the various pipes 74, 94, 88, 92 and 112 are welded to a flat plate-like portion of the shell, not to a curved shell surface. The welds are therefore more likely to form good sealed joints with the shell walls.
- An important feature of the invention is the removable or separable character of shell bottom wall 46, and the manner in which said bottom wall is used to mount the heat exchange coil 70.
- By removing bolts 48 it is possible to separate wall 46 from the upper portion of the shell to thus expose the shell interior for clean-out of sludge, residue or the like which may have accumulated during prolonged service.
- coil 70 comes along with it, thus permitting inspection of the coil surface and possibly cleaning of the coil fins. Additionally the coil and its joints may be leak tested using any convenient acceptable method.
- Partition 58 could perhaps be fixedly secured to shell 40 or top wall 42, but in that event the shell interior would not be completely exposed during the servicing operation, and clean out of the shell would not be so readily accomplished. Therefore it is preferred to make the partition 58- roof 62 assembly as a separable unit.
- Heat exchange coil 70 can of course be connected with an external source of cold water if it is desired to obtain continuous systemrunning and system-idle purging (without reliance on the machine refrigerant as a source of coolant).
- Plate 46 can be cup-shaped instead of flat, whereby to form part of the shell side wall.
- a refrigeration machine comprising a refrigerant condenser, a refrigerant evaporator, and a refrigerant compressor arranged in a closed cycle; and improved purge unit comprising an upstanding shell formed as upper and lower separable shell sections, an annular upstanding partition disposed within the shell to cooperate therewith in defining an upper outer annular chamber for collection of foreign non-condensibles, a first outer lower annular chamber for collection of foreign condensibles and liquid refrigerant; an annular upstanding weir within the second lower chamber for defining a float chamber therewithin, the weir being arranged so that pure liquid refrigerant can flow thereacross into the float chamber, and thence out of the purge unit; a heat exchange coil arranged in the upper annular chamber; means for passing coolant through the coil to cool gas flowing into the upper chamber; said first lower chamber being in unrestricted communication with the upper chamber whereby gaseous refrigerant and foreign condensibles li
- an improved purge unit comprising an upstanding shell formed as upper and lower separable shell sections, said shell being internally partitioned to define an upper chamber for collection of foreign non-condensibles, a first lower chamber for collection of foreign condensibles and liquid refrigerant, and a second lower chamber for collection of pure liquid refrigerant; a heat exchange coil arranged in the upper chamber; means for passing coolant through the coil to cool gas flowing into the upper chamber; said first lower chamber being in unrestricted communication with the upper chamber whereby gaseous refrigerant and foreign condensibles liquify on the coil surfaces and are deposited in the first lower chamber by gravitational forces; foreign liquid removal means mounted on one of the shell sections for removing foreign condensibles accumulating in the first lower chamber; pure liquid refrigerant discharge means connected with the lower
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US599816A US3410106A (en) | 1966-12-07 | 1966-12-07 | Purge unit for refrigeration machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US599816A US3410106A (en) | 1966-12-07 | 1966-12-07 | Purge unit for refrigeration machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3410106A true US3410106A (en) | 1968-11-12 |
Family
ID=24401214
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US599816A Expired - Lifetime US3410106A (en) | 1966-12-07 | 1966-12-07 | Purge unit for refrigeration machine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3410106A (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3520144A (en) * | 1968-06-07 | 1970-07-14 | Carrier Corp | Absorption refrigeration system |
US4129997A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1978-12-19 | Kunkle Robert J | Permanent refrigerant dehydrator |
WO1993010409A1 (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-05-27 | Redi Controls, Inc. | Double pass purge system |
US5261246A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1993-11-16 | Blackmon John G | Apparatus and method for purging a refrigeration system |
US5337578A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-16 | Wynn's Climate Systems, Inc. | Trapped air monitor for a refrigerant recovery unit |
US5367886A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1994-11-29 | Spx Corporation | Refrigerant handling system with air purge and system clearing capabilities |
US5515690A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-05-14 | Carolina Products, Inc. | Automatic purge supplement after chamber with adsorbent |
US5517825A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-05-21 | Spx Corporation | Refrigerant handling system and method with air purge and system clearing capabilities |
WO2003036196A3 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-12-04 | American Standard Int Inc | Purge system |
WO2004051160A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-17 | York Refrigeration Aps | Air/water purger for refrigeration plant |
US20090091128A1 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | Pipelife Nederland B.V. | Coupling construction for a pipe |
US8196801B1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2012-06-12 | Blaton David J | Method of brazing of a special gas delivery system using fittings having purge orifices |
US11365919B2 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2022-06-21 | Danfoss A/S | Apparatus for removing non-condensable gases from a refrigerant |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1687597A (en) * | 1926-04-26 | 1928-10-16 | Daniel C Springer | Air and foul-gas ejector for gas systems |
US2450707A (en) * | 1945-06-06 | 1948-10-05 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Purging system for refrigerating systems |
US2577598A (en) * | 1950-04-01 | 1951-12-04 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Water remover and air concentrator for refrigerating systems |
US2600435A (en) * | 1948-11-29 | 1952-06-17 | Samuel A Shapiro | Freon 12 dehydrator and manifold |
US3145544A (en) * | 1961-11-07 | 1964-08-25 | American Radiator & Standard | Refrigeration system impurity purge means |
-
1966
- 1966-12-07 US US599816A patent/US3410106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1687597A (en) * | 1926-04-26 | 1928-10-16 | Daniel C Springer | Air and foul-gas ejector for gas systems |
US2450707A (en) * | 1945-06-06 | 1948-10-05 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Purging system for refrigerating systems |
US2600435A (en) * | 1948-11-29 | 1952-06-17 | Samuel A Shapiro | Freon 12 dehydrator and manifold |
US2577598A (en) * | 1950-04-01 | 1951-12-04 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Water remover and air concentrator for refrigerating systems |
US3145544A (en) * | 1961-11-07 | 1964-08-25 | American Radiator & Standard | Refrigeration system impurity purge means |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3520144A (en) * | 1968-06-07 | 1970-07-14 | Carrier Corp | Absorption refrigeration system |
US4129997A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1978-12-19 | Kunkle Robert J | Permanent refrigerant dehydrator |
WO1993010409A1 (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-05-27 | Redi Controls, Inc. | Double pass purge system |
US5241837A (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-09-07 | Redi Controls, Inc. | Double pass purge system |
US5261246A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1993-11-16 | Blackmon John G | Apparatus and method for purging a refrigeration system |
US5337578A (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-16 | Wynn's Climate Systems, Inc. | Trapped air monitor for a refrigerant recovery unit |
US5367886A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1994-11-29 | Spx Corporation | Refrigerant handling system with air purge and system clearing capabilities |
US5517825A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-05-21 | Spx Corporation | Refrigerant handling system and method with air purge and system clearing capabilities |
US5515690A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1996-05-14 | Carolina Products, Inc. | Automatic purge supplement after chamber with adsorbent |
WO2003036196A3 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-12-04 | American Standard Int Inc | Purge system |
WO2004051160A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-17 | York Refrigeration Aps | Air/water purger for refrigeration plant |
US20090091128A1 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | Pipelife Nederland B.V. | Coupling construction for a pipe |
US8196801B1 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2012-06-12 | Blaton David J | Method of brazing of a special gas delivery system using fittings having purge orifices |
US11365919B2 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2022-06-21 | Danfoss A/S | Apparatus for removing non-condensable gases from a refrigerant |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MERCANTILE TEXAS CREDIT CORPORATION; MERCANTILE CO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SYNDER GENERAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003985/0168 Effective date: 19820401 Owner name: MERCANTILE TEXAS CREDIT CORPORATION, TEXAS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SYNDER GENERAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003985/0168 Effective date: 19820401 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SNYDER GENERAL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF TEX. Free format text: ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTEREST, AS OF APRIL 2, 1982 SUBJECT TO LICENSES AND CONDITIONS RECITED;ASSIGNOR:SINGER COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:004051/0894 Effective date: 19820402 Owner name: SNYDER GENERAL CORPORATION Free format text: ASSIGNS THE ENTIRE INTEREST, AS OF APRIL 2, 1982 SUBJECT TO LICENSES AND CONDITIONS RECITED, SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS;ASSIGNOR:SINGER COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:004051/0894 Effective date: 19820402 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT, INC., 717 NORTH HARWOO Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SYNDER GENERAL CORPORATION A TX CORP;REEL/FRAME:004307/0351 Effective date: 19840726 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., NEW YORK Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION, A MN CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005013/0592 Effective date: 19881117 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION, A MN CORP., TEXAS Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:MCREDIT;REEL/FRAME:005003/0183 Effective date: 19881115 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MCQUAY INC., A CORP. OF MINNESOTA, MINNESOTA Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005278/0013 Effective date: 19881117 Owner name: SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF MINNESOTA, T Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005278/0013 Effective date: 19881117 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION A CORP. OF DELAWARE Free format text: RELEASE BY SECOND PARTY OF A SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED AT REEL 5013 FRAME 592.;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. A CORP. OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:006104/0270 Effective date: 19920326 |