US2998360A - High-level nickel plating - Google Patents
High-level nickel plating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2998360A US2998360A US796252A US79625259A US2998360A US 2998360 A US2998360 A US 2998360A US 796252 A US796252 A US 796252A US 79625259 A US79625259 A US 79625259A US 2998360 A US2998360 A US 2998360A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- liter
- grams
- sulfate
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- -1 hydrocarbon radical Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- OITMMDJGVKLUAX-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium 2-methoxyphenol sulfate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2].COC1=C(C=CC=C1)O OITMMDJGVKLUAX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEJQUBCOFVQQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2].C(CCC)OC1=C(C=CC=C1)O Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2].C(CCC)OC1=C(C=CC=C1)O SEJQUBCOFVQQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEGRBICAPZSONI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium 2-propoxyphenol sulfate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2].C(CC)OC1=C(C=CC=C1)O IEGRBICAPZSONI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MAQMGKCQDXCJSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 2-methoxyphenol sulfate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].COC1=C(C=CC=C1)O.[Na+] MAQMGKCQDXCJSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical group [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-OUBTZVSYSA-N nickel-60 atom Chemical compound [60Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- This invention relates to foundation coatings for bright nickel plating processes, and more particularly the preliminary treatment of metallic surfaces by the electrodeposition of basic nickel foundation layers having a high degree of receptability.
- particular objective of the present invention is to provide I base nickel layers of inherent receptability to the outer bright nickel coating, thereby eliminating the necessity of a special activation step.
- the base nickel. layers of the invention are electro lytically deposited from conventional plating baths and have the characteristics of ductility and smoothness'to an exceptional, degree. Compared with the available procedures for producing base nickel coatings, the presently described coatings have substantially higher leveling characteristics and are inherently activated during the depcsiticn processto provide high susceptibility for ,the subsequent application of bright nickel platings.
- the invention involves the use of an additive comprising compounds of the following formula:
- R is a hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl group
- X is an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
- Compounds of the indicated formula may be prepared by conventional procedures and are commercially available.
- the preferred compounds employed in the process of the invention are those wherein R is a methyl radical and X is magnesium.
- Other alkali and alkaline earth metal salts including alkoxy phenolic metal sulfates of the characterized formulation are appropriate and suitable in the practice of the present invention.
- the amount of the additive employed preferably lies within the range of from about 0.2 to 10 grams per liter based upon the composition of the electrolytic plating bath.
- the major constituents of the plating bath may be the inorganic nickel sulfate and chloride salts.
- Nickel sulfate will, in practice, range from 180 to 400 grams/liter, and nickel chloride from 8 to 120 grams/liter of bath solution. This corresponds to a total available nickel content of about 40 to 120 grams/liter in solution.
- An average composition is 280 grams/liter of the nickel sulfate and 60 grams/liter of the nickel chloride, or a total of about 76 grams/ liter of available nickel.
- Boric acid concentrations of from 8 to 50 grams/liter are desirable as a buffering agent, with a range of 30 to 50 being generally most suitable. Normally about 45 grams/liter of boric acid is considered to give optimum results.
- An anti-pitter or wetting agent comprising a sulfuric ester of a normal primary aliphatic alcohol having eight to eighteen carbon atoms in the molecule, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, is also desirably included in the 2,998,360 Patented Aug. 29, 1961 ICC 2 bath. Such anti-pitting agents are disclosed in the prior patent to Waite and Martin, No. 2,254,161. A small amount of this agent, on the order of 0.1 gram/liter, is suitable.
- the pH of the bath may vary from a low of 3.0 to a high of 4.8 determined electrometrically, and the optimum range here is from 3.8 to 4.8.
- the process of the invention involves operating at bath temperatures ranging from about 35 to 60 C., with 50f to 55 C. being especially suitable in commercial practice. Cathode current densities of 25 to amperes per sq. ft. are practical in most cases and 50 to 55 amperes per sq. ft. is typical of good operating practice.
- the nickel coating was applied in accordance with the procedures described above, using similar current densitim, and corresponding improvements are observed.
- Example 4 Nickel sulfate 300 grams/liter.
- R0 SOlX wherein R is a lower alkyl radical, and X is selected from the class consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
- a process for producing high-level base nickel coatings on metal which comprises electrodepositing a base nickel coating from an aqueous acidic solution of at least one nickel salt containing in solution from about 0.2 to about 10 grams per liter of an alkali metal lower alkoxy phenol sulfate.
- a process for producing high-level base nickel coatings on metal which comprises electrodepositing a base nickel coating from an aqueous acidic solution of at least one nickel salt containing in solution from about 0.2 to about 10 grams per liter of an alkaline earth metal lower alkoxy phenol sulfate.
- a process for producing high-level base nickel coatings on 'metal which comprises electrodepositing a base nickel coating from an aqueous acidic solution of at least one nickelsalt containing in solution from about 0.2 to about 10 grams per liter of an alkali metal methoxy phenol sulfate.
- a process for producing high-level base nickel coatings on metal which comprises electrodepositing a base nickel coating from an aqueous acidic solution of at least one nickel salt containing in solution from about 0.2 to about 10 grams per liter of a methoxy phenol magnesium sulfate.
- An aqueous electrolytic solution for producing inherent high adhesion for bright nickel platings comprising at least one nickel salt in an amount of from 8 to 400 grams per liter and from 0.2 to 10 grams per liter of an additive of the formula R0 SOLX References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Flett Apr. 2, 1940 Haas et al. July 7, 1959
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US796252A US2998360A (en) | 1959-03-02 | 1959-03-02 | High-level nickel plating |
| GB5751/60A GB887692A (en) | 1959-03-02 | 1960-02-18 | An electrolytic bath and method for depositing a nickel base on metal |
| DES67373A DE1118564B (de) | 1959-03-02 | 1960-03-01 | Saures galvanisches Nickelbad zum Abscheiden einer Grundschicht auf Metalloberflaechen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US796252A US2998360A (en) | 1959-03-02 | 1959-03-02 | High-level nickel plating |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2998360A true US2998360A (en) | 1961-08-29 |
Family
ID=25167713
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US796252A Expired - Lifetime US2998360A (en) | 1959-03-02 | 1959-03-02 | High-level nickel plating |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2998360A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE1118564B (de) |
| GB (1) | GB887692A (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3089888A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1963-05-14 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Sulfates of alkenoxylated butynediol |
| CN103898565A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-07-02 | 无锡市锡山区鹅湖镇荡口青荡金属制品厂 | 一种在镁合金笔记本电脑外壳表面电镀镍镀液 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2195409A (en) * | 1936-07-31 | 1940-04-02 | Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc | Electrodeposition |
| US2893932A (en) * | 1953-08-13 | 1959-07-07 | Dehydag Gmbh | Production of metal electrodeposits |
-
1959
- 1959-03-02 US US796252A patent/US2998360A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1960
- 1960-02-18 GB GB5751/60A patent/GB887692A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-03-01 DE DES67373A patent/DE1118564B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2195409A (en) * | 1936-07-31 | 1940-04-02 | Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc | Electrodeposition |
| US2893932A (en) * | 1953-08-13 | 1959-07-07 | Dehydag Gmbh | Production of metal electrodeposits |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3089888A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1963-05-14 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Sulfates of alkenoxylated butynediol |
| CN103898565A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-07-02 | 无锡市锡山区鹅湖镇荡口青荡金属制品厂 | 一种在镁合金笔记本电脑外壳表面电镀镍镀液 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1118564B (de) | 1961-11-30 |
| GB887692A (en) | 1962-01-24 |
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