US2998098A - Gas cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Gas cleaning apparatus Download PDF

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US2998098A
US2998098A US774529A US77452958A US2998098A US 2998098 A US2998098 A US 2998098A US 774529 A US774529 A US 774529A US 77452958 A US77452958 A US 77452958A US 2998098 A US2998098 A US 2998098A
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Prior art keywords
plates
fluid
head
conduit
treating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US774529A
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Jr Preston E Mcnall
Asbjorn M Severson
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Honeywell Inc
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Honeywell Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/78—Cleaning the electrodes by washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/06—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet by jet reaction, i.e. creating a spinning torque due to a tangential component of the jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1007—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B3/1021—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with individual passages at its periphery

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with an improved fluid treating or washing apparatus for use with an electrostatic gas cleaner; in particular, an opening is provided across the collecting unit into which a distribution apparatus is placed for distributing treating fluid between the parallel plates of the unit from the opening towards the outer edges of the parallel plates.
  • Fluid treating apparatus or washing mechanisms for use with electrostatic air cleaners are quite common. Where the collecting cell plates are long in the direction of air flow, the conventional apparatus spraying the treating fluid or water into the front of the gas cleaner in the direction of gas flow does not always deliver the treating fluid or water to the downstream area of the collecting plates. In order to insure proper treating or washing, the pressure of the fluid leaving the distribution or spraying apparatus must be high enough to force the fluid completely through the cell along all of the surface of the plates. Where a cell has long collecting plates, the pressures needed to provide the proper fluid treatment or washing are often quite high, and a high pressure fluid source is not always available.
  • an improved fluid treating or washing apparatus is provided by the insertion of the spraying or distribution mechanism into a hole or opening across the cell in a direction perpendicular tothe plates and the air flow.
  • During washing water is directed from the opening through the center of the cell outward toward the edges of the parallel plates to wash the dirt off of the surface of the parallel plates.
  • the water pressure can be reduced considerably with such an invention since the distance the water must travel across the plate surfaces is substantially less than that of a conventional washing apparatus for a similar gas cleaning apparatus.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved fluid treating apparatus for an electrostatic air cleaner.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid treating apparatus for an electrostatic air cleaner in which the fluid is directed from an opening across the collecting unit in a direction parallel to the plates and toward the outer edges of the plates.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an improved Washington apparatus for electrostatic air cleaner in which a rotating sprinkler type device is inserted in an opening at the center of the collecting unit; so that, the water is sprayed in between the plates toward the outer edges of the plates.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of an electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus with a schematic showing of the improved fluid treating apparatus.
  • FIGURE 2 is a cut away view of the collecting unit shown in FIGURE 1 to show the rotating distribution head for the fluid treating apparatus.
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of the distribution head shown in FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of a distribution head for another embodiment of the fluid distribution appara- Patented Aug. 29, 1961 tus which can be mounted in the opening of the collecting unit in the manner shown in FIGURE 2.
  • an electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus having a casing 10.
  • a conventional ionizer 11 Mounted in the upstream end of casing 10 is a conventional ionizer 11.
  • the ionizer has a pluality of spaced parallel plates 12 which are connected to the grounded case 10. In between each of the parallel plates is strung an ionizing Wire 13.
  • the Wires are mounted at their extremities to the casing 10 by electrical insulators 14.
  • the wires are connected to a positive source of power; so that, as gas or air passes through the ionizer, the foreign particles in the gas are charged.
  • a collecting unit or collector 15 Downstream of the ionizer and mounted in casing 10 is a collecting unit or collector 15 which is made up of a plurality of oppositely charged parallel plates.
  • One set of plates 20 which consists of every other plate is connected to the positive source of power.
  • the other set of plates 21 spaced between the positive plates are connected to the casing 10 and thus ground. As the charged foreign particles in the gas pass into the collecting unit, they are attracted to the plates of the opposite charge and are collected on the plates.
  • a dis tribution or spraying apparatus 23 which is connected by a conduit 24 to a source of fluid or Water for treating the plates of the collector.
  • FIGURE 2 A cross sectional View of washing apparatus 23 of FIGURE 1 is shown in FIGURE 2.
  • Conduit 24 is shown extending from the opposite sides of casing 10.
  • the conduit has a series of holes therein for supplying water to a rotary spraying head 31 which is journalled on conduit 24 at its extremities by bearings 32.
  • Suitable spacers at each end of the spraying head 31 positions a series of nozzles 34 in the head in line with the spaces between the parallel plates of the collecting unit.
  • the orifices 34- are formed by bending a portion of the spraying head outward as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • An ear 35 forming part of the orifice is bent at a slight angle with respect to a radius of the conduit 24; so that, as fluid flows from the conduit openings 30 into the spraying head 31, it will flow out of the orifices 34 in such a direction producing a tangential or jet-like reaction force to propel the spraying head 31.
  • the head 31 will then rotate about conduit 24 to produce a spraying action.
  • the orifices on each side of the spraying head are offset; so that, water is directed from the spraying head between all of the plates of the collector.
  • the fluid In order to properly treat the surface of the plates of the collector, the fluid must reach the complete surface area of the plates. In order to do this, the pressure needed depends greatly upon the distance between the spraying apparatus and the edges of the plates. With the spraying head 31 mounted in the opening formed by the holes 22 in the plates, the distance the fluid must be forced is minimized and thus the force or pressure necessary to obtain adequate plate treating is greatly reduced. The lower pressure requirement is quite important where electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus is used in localities where water pressure is not too high.
  • Conduit 40 supports the housing 41 which has a plurality of orifices 42.
  • the orifices are made up of a straight section of pipe 43 mounted at an angle substantially tangent with the housing 41.
  • Attached to the straight pipe is a flexible rubber hose or nozzle 44 which has a restricted discharge opening 45.
  • a rotating distributing mechanism such as heads 34 and 41 of FIG- URES2 and 4 have a certain speed for providing the most efiicient washing operation.
  • a conduit for supplying treating fluid from a source means adapted to support said conduit in a cavity in the cell between the upstream and downstream edges of the plates so the axis of said conduit is perpendicular to the plates, and a distribution head attached to said conduit and contained in the cavity for distributing treating fluid between the plates, said fluid being distributed from said head toward the outer edges of the plates so that the distance said fluid must travelto cover the surface of the plates is a minimum, said distribution head being pivotally mounted on said conduit and having a number of orifices for directing fluid between the plates, said orifices being attached to said head generally tangential with respect to the axis of said conduit so that upon the flow of fluid from said orifices a tangential force causing rotary motion of said head is obtained, an end portion of said orifices being flexible so that when the centrifugal force applied to said end portion of said orifices reaches a predetermined value said

Description

Aug. 29, 1961 P. E. MCNALL, JR; ETAL GAS CLEANING APPARATUS Filed NOV. 17, 1958 COLLECTOR WASHING WATER SUPPLY AIR FLOW INVENTORS PRESTON E. MC NALL, JR. BY ASBJORN M. SEVERSON ATTORNEY 2,998,098 GAS CLEANING APPARATUS Preston E. McNall, Jr., Minneapolis, and Asbjorn M.
Severson, Hopkins, Minn, assignors to Minneapolis- Honeywell Regulator Company, Minneapolis, Minn,
a corporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 17, 1958, Ser. No. 774,529 1 (Ilaim. (Cl. 183-7) The present invention is concerned with an improved fluid treating or washing apparatus for use with an electrostatic gas cleaner; in particular, an opening is provided across the collecting unit into which a distribution apparatus is placed for distributing treating fluid between the parallel plates of the unit from the opening towards the outer edges of the parallel plates.
Fluid treating apparatus or washing mechanisms for use with electrostatic air cleaners are quite common. Where the collecting cell plates are long in the direction of air flow, the conventional apparatus spraying the treating fluid or water into the front of the gas cleaner in the direction of gas flow does not always deliver the treating fluid or water to the downstream area of the collecting plates. In order to insure proper treating or washing, the pressure of the fluid leaving the distribution or spraying apparatus must be high enough to force the fluid completely through the cell along all of the surface of the plates. Where a cell has long collecting plates, the pressures needed to provide the proper fluid treatment or washing are often quite high, and a high pressure fluid source is not always available.
In the present invention, an improved fluid treating or washing apparatus is provided by the insertion of the spraying or distribution mechanism into a hole or opening across the cell in a direction perpendicular tothe plates and the air flow. During washing water is directed from the opening through the center of the cell outward toward the edges of the parallel plates to wash the dirt off of the surface of the parallel plates. The water pressure can be reduced considerably with such an invention since the distance the water must travel across the plate surfaces is substantially less than that of a conventional washing apparatus for a similar gas cleaning apparatus.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved fluid treating apparatus for an electrostatic air cleaner.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid treating apparatus for an electrostatic air cleaner in which the fluid is directed from an opening across the collecting unit in a direction parallel to the plates and toward the outer edges of the plates.
And still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved Washington apparatus for electrostatic air cleaner in which a rotating sprinkler type device is inserted in an opening at the center of the collecting unit; so that, the water is sprayed in between the plates toward the outer edges of the plates.
These and other objects will become apparent upon the study of the following specification and claim of which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of an electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus with a schematic showing of the improved fluid treating apparatus.
FIGURE 2 is a cut away view of the collecting unit shown in FIGURE 1 to show the rotating distribution head for the fluid treating apparatus.
FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of the distribution head shown in FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of a distribution head for another embodiment of the fluid distribution appara- Patented Aug. 29, 1961 tus which can be mounted in the opening of the collecting unit in the manner shown in FIGURE 2.
Referring to FIGURE 1 of the drawing, an electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus is shown having a casing 10. Mounted in the upstream end of casing 10 is a conventional ionizer 11. The ionizer has a pluality of spaced parallel plates 12 which are connected to the grounded case 10. In between each of the parallel plates is strung an ionizing Wire 13. The Wires are mounted at their extremities to the casing 10 by electrical insulators 14. The wires are connected to a positive source of power; so that, as gas or air passes through the ionizer, the foreign particles in the gas are charged.
Downstream of the ionizer and mounted in casing 10 is a collecting unit or collector 15 which is made up of a plurality of oppositely charged parallel plates. One set of plates 20 which consists of every other plate is connected to the positive source of power. The other set of plates 21 spaced between the positive plates are connected to the casing 10 and thus ground. As the charged foreign particles in the gas pass into the collecting unit, they are attracted to the plates of the opposite charge and are collected on the plates.
An opening which is formed by a series of holes such as 22 in plate 20 exists across the collector from one side to the other perpendicular to the plate surfaces and the direction of air flow. Mounted in the opening is a dis tribution or spraying apparatus 23 which is connected by a conduit 24 to a source of fluid or Water for treating the plates of the collector.
A cross sectional View of washing apparatus 23 of FIGURE 1 is shown in FIGURE 2. Conduit 24 is shown extending from the opposite sides of casing 10. The conduit has a series of holes therein for supplying water to a rotary spraying head 31 which is journalled on conduit 24 at its extremities by bearings 32. Suitable spacers at each end of the spraying head 31 positions a series of nozzles 34 in the head in line with the spaces between the parallel plates of the collecting unit. The orifices 34- are formed by bending a portion of the spraying head outward as shown in FIGURE 3. An ear 35 forming part of the orifice is bent at a slight angle with respect to a radius of the conduit 24; so that, as fluid flows from the conduit openings 30 into the spraying head 31, it will flow out of the orifices 34 in such a direction producing a tangential or jet-like reaction force to propel the spraying head 31. The head 31 will then rotate about conduit 24 to produce a spraying action. The orifices on each side of the spraying head are offset; so that, water is directed from the spraying head between all of the plates of the collector.
In order to properly treat the surface of the plates of the collector, the fluid must reach the complete surface area of the plates. In order to do this, the pressure needed depends greatly upon the distance between the spraying apparatus and the edges of the plates. With the spraying head 31 mounted in the opening formed by the holes 22 in the plates, the distance the fluid must be forced is minimized and thus the force or pressure necessary to obtain adequate plate treating is greatly reduced. The lower pressure requirement is quite important where electrostatic gas cleaning apparatus is used in localities where water pressure is not too high.
Referring to FIGURE 4, another embodiment of a spraying head is shown. Conduit 40 supports the housing 41 which has a plurality of orifices 42. The orifices are made up of a straight section of pipe 43 mounted at an angle substantially tangent with the housing 41. Attached to the straight pipe is a flexible rubber hose or nozzle 44 which has a restricted discharge opening 45. When the fluid or water flows from conduit 40 into the pipe 43 to exhaust from the nozzle opening 45, a tangential force is obtained to rotate the head 41 about the conduit 40 in a manner similar to head 31 of the apparatus shown in FIGURE 2. As the angular velocity of head 41 increases,.the centrifugal force on nozzle 44 increases. The nozzle will bend outward to change the direction of water flow. Since the direction of the water discharges from nozzle opening 45 determines the rotary propelling force applied to head 41, the speed of the head will eventually reach a maximum speed depending upon the design of the components. A rotating distributing mechanism such as heads 34 and 41 of FIG- URES2 and 4 have a certain speed for providing the most efiicient washing operation. By the proper design of the nozzles of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 4, a selected speed of head 41 can be attained at a predetermined water pressure. The self-correcting action of the nozzles tends to make the speed of rotation less dependent upon water pressure and friction of the spray head on the conduit.
7 The present invention has been described in a particular manner; however, the intention is to limit the invention only by the scope of the appended claim in which I claim: 7
In a plate surface treating apparatus for use on a parallel plate collecting cell of an electrostatic gas cleaner, a conduit for supplying treating fluid from a source, means adapted to support said conduit in a cavity in the cell between the upstream and downstream edges of the plates so the axis of said conduit is perpendicular to the plates, and a distribution head attached to said conduit and contained in the cavity for distributing treating fluid between the plates, said fluid being distributed from said head toward the outer edges of the plates so that the distance said fluid must travelto cover the surface of the plates is a minimum, said distribution head being pivotally mounted on said conduit and having a number of orifices for directing fluid between the plates, said orifices being attached to said head generally tangential with respect to the axis of said conduit so that upon the flow of fluid from said orifices a tangential force causing rotary motion of said head is obtained, an end portion of said orifices being flexible so that when the centrifugal force applied to said end portion of said orifices reaches a predetermined value said fluid flow is directed away from said head to reduce said tangential force and said rotary speed of said head.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 540,218 Stanton et a1. May 28, 1895 1,098,389 I Lister June 2, 1914 1,189,593 Lynn July 4, 1916 1,399,441 Petersen Dec. 6, 1921 1,650,292 Miscampbell Nov. 22, 1927 1,977,882 Lassen Oct. 23, 1934 2,414,528 Hutchinson et a1. Ian. 21, 1947
US774529A 1958-11-17 1958-11-17 Gas cleaning apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2998098A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3257778A (en) * 1964-07-02 1966-06-28 Honeywell Inc In-place washing apparatus for an electrostatic precipitator
US3361361A (en) * 1965-07-28 1968-01-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Spraying device for dishwashing machines
US3372529A (en) * 1966-09-08 1968-03-12 American Air Filter Co Plate electrode assembly for electrostatic precipitator
US4189308A (en) * 1978-10-31 1980-02-19 Research-Cottrell, Inc. High voltage wetted parallel plate collecting electrode arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator
DE3149469A1 (en) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-23 Karl Mengele & Söhne Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei GmbH & Co, 8870 Günzburg Dust separator
WO1999001224A1 (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-14 Toftejorg A/S Method and rinsing equipment for the cleaning of especially filter plates in an electro-filter
US6024183A (en) * 1997-10-24 2000-02-15 Caterpillar Inc. Track belt tension management system
CN103551251A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-02-05 宁波久源润滑设备制造有限公司 Cleaning structure of high-pressure static fume scrubber

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US540218A (en) * 1895-05-28 Territory
US1098389A (en) * 1913-08-18 1914-06-02 George Lister Apparatus for washing smoke, air, and other gases.
US1189593A (en) * 1913-10-03 1916-07-04 John Lynn Spraying or atomizing device.
US1399441A (en) * 1916-07-10 1921-12-06 Int Precipitation Co Means for cleaning the electrodes in electrical fume-precipitators
US1650292A (en) * 1925-12-07 1927-11-22 Miscampbell Hugh Dust collector
US1977882A (en) * 1933-07-13 1934-10-23 Fmc Corp Rotary sprayer
US2414528A (en) * 1945-07-06 1947-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Precipitation system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US540218A (en) * 1895-05-28 Territory
US1098389A (en) * 1913-08-18 1914-06-02 George Lister Apparatus for washing smoke, air, and other gases.
US1189593A (en) * 1913-10-03 1916-07-04 John Lynn Spraying or atomizing device.
US1399441A (en) * 1916-07-10 1921-12-06 Int Precipitation Co Means for cleaning the electrodes in electrical fume-precipitators
US1650292A (en) * 1925-12-07 1927-11-22 Miscampbell Hugh Dust collector
US1977882A (en) * 1933-07-13 1934-10-23 Fmc Corp Rotary sprayer
US2414528A (en) * 1945-07-06 1947-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Precipitation system

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3257778A (en) * 1964-07-02 1966-06-28 Honeywell Inc In-place washing apparatus for an electrostatic precipitator
US3361361A (en) * 1965-07-28 1968-01-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Spraying device for dishwashing machines
US3372529A (en) * 1966-09-08 1968-03-12 American Air Filter Co Plate electrode assembly for electrostatic precipitator
US4189308A (en) * 1978-10-31 1980-02-19 Research-Cottrell, Inc. High voltage wetted parallel plate collecting electrode arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator
DE3149469A1 (en) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-23 Karl Mengele & Söhne Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei GmbH & Co, 8870 Günzburg Dust separator
WO1999001224A1 (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-14 Toftejorg A/S Method and rinsing equipment for the cleaning of especially filter plates in an electro-filter
US6533841B1 (en) 1997-06-30 2003-03-18 Toftejorg A/S Method and rinsing equipment for the cleaning of especially filter plates in an electro-filter
US6024183A (en) * 1997-10-24 2000-02-15 Caterpillar Inc. Track belt tension management system
CN103551251A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-02-05 宁波久源润滑设备制造有限公司 Cleaning structure of high-pressure static fume scrubber

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