US2997244A

US2997244A - Spray nozzles

Info

Publication number: US2997244A
Application number: US716175A
Authority: US
Inventors: Demaison Raymond Jules
Original assignee: Quigley Co Inc
Current assignee: Quigley Co Inc
Priority date: 1958-02-19
Filing date: 1958-02-19
Publication date: 1961-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 1978-08-22

Description

Aug 22, 1961 R. J. DEMMSON 2,997,244

SPRAY NOZZLES Filed Feb. 19, 1958 Z0 V9 INVENTOR RAYMQND J DE Mmsom ATTORNEYS.

2,997,244 SPRAY NOZZLES Raymond Jules Demaison, New York, N.Y., assignor to Quigley Company, Inc., a corporation of New York Fiied Feb. 19, 1958, Ser. No. 716,175 Claims. (Cl. 239-598) This invention relates to an apparatus for applying repair materials in fluent forms to the interior of a metallurgical furnace, and particularly to the front portions of the interior, which have heretofore been difficult to cover with existing apparatus.

A typical lining for such a furnace is made of refractory brick, but these linings deteriorate during use and require repair after each heat. This is accomplished by applying a refractory cement, such as that described and claimed in Patent No. 2,908,126, of `October 8, 1957, to Murphy and Demaison, and known as roof chrome.

This repair material is commonly applied by a spray gun. Such guns, have, however, heretofore been designed to project the material forward in substantially the same direction as the feed tube to which they are attached. With such a gun it has been difficult to apply the repair material to the forward portions of the roof, and to the inside of the front Wall and the door jambs, because it has been difficult to direct the spray upon them.

Attempts to remedy this diculty by bending the feed tube of the spray nozzle, or by providing a spray with a lateral discharge have not been successful. One of the reasons for this is that such devices have tended to concentrate the discharge upon one spot rather than spread it out as a spray, so that it is very diicult to secure a uniform coverage on the furnace lining. Another difficulty arises from the fact that the repair cement is very abrasive, so that it will wear the metal through at the bend, making such devices impractical.

It is an object of this invention to provide a nozzle which will give a uniform distribution of the sprayed material, and which will yet be capable of being directed against those portions of the furnace which have heretofore been hard to reach.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a spray nozzle in which the direction of movement of the fluent cement is changed without being deflected by any fixed surface, but instead the force required to redirect the stream in the new direction is exerted by a body of the fluent `material itself, whereby wear and tear on the nozzle is avoided, and the stream is caused to assume a new direction Without being distorted by the velocity of the incoming stream.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a nozzle which will produce a spray which will spread out fan-shaped in a plane transverse to the axis of the furnace, and which will be uniform in distribution, but in which the fan-shaped spray may be of relatively narrow width in the direction of the axis of the furnace, so that the fluent refractory may be distributed in even layers over the furnace surface, without obtaining a heavy build-up of material in any one area. In this manner a more even and more durable lining may be applied.

The invention therefore comprises the device hereinafter described, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. l is a conventionalized section through an open hearth furnace, showing the application of the protective lining to the furnace. In the drawings, one such device is shown in solid lines, and in dotted lines there is shown a different position of the same device;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the nozzle of the spray gull;

States Patent ice FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the nozzle itself; and

FIG. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.

Since the furnace itself forms no part of the invention, no attempt is made to show its details.

yAs here shown, the numeral 10 symbolizes the furnace, having a door opening 11. The numeral 12 represents a feed pipe which is connected to a spray gun pump, or other source of fluent refractory material under pressure, not here shown.

The nozzle itself comprises a cylinder 13 having female threads at both ends. One of these ends 14, screws onto the feed pipe 12, and the other end, 15, of the cylinder 13 is closed by a plug 16. A fan-shaped opening 17 is cut through the peripheral wall of the cylinder 13 between its ends, said opening having tWo end walls 18, lying substantially in parallel planes at right angles to the axis of the cylinder throughout the thickness of said end walls to the outlet of the nozzle, and said opening having sidewalls 19 lying in radial planes.

The nozzle of this construction discharges through the opening 17, and this discharge is in the form of a small sector of a disc. It has been found that when the plug 16 is spaced back of the discharge opening wall to provide a small cavity 20 beyond the opening 17, the discharge itself assumes a direction at right angles to the axis of the tube, and the distribution is even over the area `of the sector. Thus the material may be spread over the furnace surface, and the supply pipe and nozzle may easily be tilted sufficiently to cover the inner walls and the front of the furnace.

The nozzle appears to depend for its effectiveness upon the small amount of the repair material which accumulates at 20, in the end of the cylinder, beyond the spray opening 17 and in front of the plug 16. The direction of motion of the stream is thus not a direct reflection from a smooth metal surface, as it would be by a tdirect bend of the pipe but it appears rather to be a building up of pressure within the cylinder, the pressure being equal to and directly opposite to the incoming pressure, wherefore the resultant forces cause the discharge to move in a new direction. In any event, the effect is the same as though the fluent material were discharged under pressure from the center of the tube opposite the center of the discharge opening.

It may be that the material in the nozzle beyond the discharge opening assumes some form of inclined surface which itself reflects and redirects the stream. In any case, however, there is no surface subject to Wear by this redirection, and any portion of this surface which is carried out in the spray is itself quickly replaced by material coming in through the tube," so that the deflection surface, if one exists, is maintained at all times.

At the same time, because all the material causing this bending of the stream is within the iiuent material itself, no stationary part of the gun receives undue wear.

The angle between the side wall 19 of the nozzle opening will determine the spread of the spray discharge from the device, but it has been found that the best results have been obtained where this angle and the angle of the resulting spray is less than and more speciiically about 70. The end walls 18 are generally made parallel, but the spray may be caused to spread out by changing the angle between them. It is desirable that the wall of the cylinder 13 shall be rather thick in order that the side Walls of the nozzle can substantially define the angle of the spray.

The nozzle may be readily cleaned from time to time if required by removing the plug 16. The extent to which the plug 16 is screwed into the coupling will help to determine the angle and character of the spray issuing from the nozzle.

What is claimed is:

1. A lateral discharge spray nozzle for deflecting a stream of iluent abrasive material in a substantially at rectangular fan-shaped spray pattern from a supply pipe, said spray nozzle comprising a tubular member attachable to said supply pipe and having an inlet opening in axial alignment therewith, the size of said inlet opening permitting the iluent abrasive material to enter the tubular member in full volume and at full pressure from the supply pipe, and said tubular member being formed in its peripheral wall with an arcuate spray discharge opening presenting front and back end walls lying in parallel planes at right angles to the axis of the tubular member throughout the thicknesses of said end Walls to the outlet of the nozzle and side Walls arranged radially from said axis, and said tubular member containing a material collecting and pressure equalizing reservoir in axial alignment with its inlet opening and located beyond said spray discharge opening, whereby the material collecting in said reservoir will absorb the impact of the incoming stream and present a pressure equalizing force in a full area plane perpendicular to the axis of said tubular member and located at the back wall of the spray discharge opening, so as thus to cause a right angular deflection of the flowing stream of fluent abrasive material through said spray discharge opening under full supply pipe pressure.

2. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim l, wherein the radial side walls of the arcuate spray discharge opening are arranged at less than 90 apart.

3. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the radial side walls of the arcuate spray discharge opening are arranged at substantially 70 apart.

4. A lateral discharge spray nozzle for deecting a stream of uent abrasive material in a substantially iiat rectangular fan-shaped spray pattern from a supply pipe, said spray nozzle comprising a straight cylindrical pipe section open at one end to receive the material directly from the supply pipe and' closed at the opposite end to 4 interrupt the inilowing material, said pipe section having a bore of uniform cross section throughout its length and having its open end of a size permitting the iluent abrasive material to enter the bore in full volume and at full pressure from the supply pipe, said pipe section having a circumferentially elongated arcuate spray discharge opening contained wholly in its peripheral wall and presenting front and back end walls lying in parallel planes at right angles to the axis of the bore throughout the thicknesses of said end walls to the outlet of the nozzle and side Walls arranged radially from said axis, said spray discharge opening being arranged between the open end and the closed end of the pipe section, leaving a material collecting and pressure equalizing reservoir beyond said spray discharge opening, whereby the material collecting in said reservoir will absorb the impact of the incoming stream and present a pressure equalizing force in a full area plane perpendicular to the axis of the bore and located at the back wall of the spray discharge opening so as thus to cause a right angular deflection of the llowing stream of abrasive material through said discharge opening under full supply pipe pressure.

5. A lateral discharge spray nozzle according to claim 4 wherein the radial side walls of the spray discharge opening are spaced substantially 70 apart.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 826,890 Schafer July 24, 1906 1,644,226 Bedard Oct. 4, 1927 1,663,195 Ford Mar. 20, 1928 1,936,413 Stillson Nov. 21, 1933 2,487,939 Norton Nov. 15, 1949 2,641,491 Mueller et al. June 9, 1953 2,724,928 Kirkland Nov. 29, 1955 2,801,133 Ridley July 30, 1957 2,878,068 Rienke Mar. 17, 1959