US2990489A - Commutators for electric machines - Google Patents

Commutators for electric machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2990489A
US2990489A US759696A US75969658A US2990489A US 2990489 A US2990489 A US 2990489A US 759696 A US759696 A US 759696A US 75969658 A US75969658 A US 75969658A US 2990489 A US2990489 A US 2990489A
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United States
Prior art keywords
core
segments
annulus
commutator
space
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Expired - Lifetime
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US759696A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schafer Fridolin
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of US2990489A publication Critical patent/US2990489A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to commutators for electric machines, especially small electric machines, and more particularly to improvements in commutators of the type in which the annulus consisting of dovetailed insulated segments is held together by a pair of clamping rings and by a tubular core or rivet whose ends are deformed or swedged to bear against the end faces of clamping rings and to thereby hold the segments in proper position with respect to the axis about which the commutator revolves.
  • the apparatus for introducing the insulating substance preferably a material of good heat conductivity such as Bakelite or another synthetic product, comprises a pair of rams extending into the axial bore of the core, the rams compressing the insulating substance therebetween sufiiciently to transform the latter into a plastic mass which enters the space between dovetailed portions of the segments and the core through the aforementioned aperture or apertures and fills the space to prevent, after hardening thereof, any tilting of segments about the clamping rings.
  • the tilting of segments is undesirable as it would cause rapid destruction of the runway (ie the peripheral zone of the annulus of segments) which is in contact with customary carbon brushes or wipers when the commutator is put to use. Since the insulating substance is introduced into the annulus of segments through the core, the step must be performed before the commutator is mounted onto the spindle of an armature because the spindle, too, passes through the axial bore of said core.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a commutator of the above described characteristics which is so constructed that the insulating material may be introduced into the space between dovetailed portions of segments and the peripheral zone of the core while the commutator is already mounted on the spindle of an armature, that is, after the armature wires are already soldered to the segments of the commutator.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a commutator of the type above set forth which is so constructed that the insulating substance which prevents tilting of segments about their clamping rings may be introduced simultaneously with the step of coating the armature coil with the same insulating substance, i.e. that the coating of armature coil and the filling of annulus with a view to prevent tilting of segments may be performed simultaneously.
  • a commutator in which at least one clamping ring is formed with one or more bores and/or grooves constituting channels or communi- 2,990,489 Patented June 27, 1961 cating passages between the surrounding atmosphere and the space defined by dovetailed portions of segments and by the peripheral zone of the commutators core, whereby the insulating material need not be introduced through the axial bore in the core. Accordingly, the introduction of insulating material into the aforementioned space need not precede the step of mounting the commutator on the spindle of an armature as the material may be introduced at any time due to accessibility of one end of each channel in the clamping rings regardless of whether the axial bore in the core is filled or not.
  • each clamping ring It is preferred to provide at least three channels in each clamping ring and to angularly space the channels from each other.
  • the channels in clamping rings may consist of bores perpendicular or inclined with respect to the axis of a commutator, or each channel may consist of an arcuate groove and an axially parallel groove, the latter having one of its ends in communication with the space between the annulus of segments and the core of the commutator.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through approximately onehalf of a commutator constructed in accordance with my invention wherein the bores in clamping rings are inclined with respect to the axis about which the commutator rotates;
  • FIG. 2 is a similar section through a commutator whose clamping rings are provided with radial bores perpendicular to the axis of rotation;
  • FIG. 3 is a similar sectional view of a commutator in which the channels in clamping rings consist of arcuate and axially parallel grooves,
  • the commutator therein shown comprises an annulus of wedgeshaped segments 11 insulated from each other by interposed layers or sheets 12 of non-conducting material, e.g. mica; a pair of clamping rings 14, 15 so shaped as to extend into the axial bore of annulus and into the V-shaped annular recesses defined by dovetailed portions 13 of segments 11; a pair of insulating rings 17, 18 which prevent short-circuiting of segments 11 by clamping rings 14, 15; and a cylindrical core or rivet 16 whose ends 16a, 16]) are bent over or swedged and extend into the recesses provided in the end faces 14a, 15a of respective clamping rings.
  • non-conducting material e.g. mica
  • clamping rings 14, 15 so shaped as to extend into the axial bore of annulus and into the V-shaped annular recesses defined by dovetailed portions 13 of segments 11
  • a pair of insulating rings 17, 18 which prevent short-circuiting of segments 11 by clamping rings 14, 15
  • peripheral zones of rings 14, 15 are partly received in the axial bore of annulus consisting of members 11, 13 and extend partly beyond the adjacent ends of the annulus.
  • Outer ends of channels 20, 21 terminate in the peripheral zones of respective rings 14, 15 beyond the adjacent ends of the annulus,
  • Core 16 has an axial bore 164 which receives the spindle of an armature (not shown) when the commutator is put to use.
  • the hardenable insulating material 40 shown in FIG. 2 may be introduced in plastic state through bores or channels '20, 21 in clamping ring 14 or 15, the filling of annular space 19 with such substance may occur before or after the segments are soldered to the wires of an armature. It is preferred to provide at least three spaced bores in each clamping ring.
  • Insulating material 40 is of such characteristics that it will become plastic under adequate pressure and will harden in the annular space 19. While the plastic material is introduced through the bores in one clamping ring, air is free to escape from space 19 through the bores in the other clamping ring.
  • the purpose of hardenable substance 40 is to prevent the tilting of segments 11 about inwardly extending V-shaped portions of clamping rings 14, which could upset the arrangement of segments with respect to the axis of a commutator and would rapidly destroy the latter after relatively short periods of use.
  • the substance 40 after hardening, counteracts radially inwardly directed components of force which acts between rings 14, 15 and the dovetailed portions 13 of commutator segments 11.
  • members 11, 12 and 16 are identical with those shown in FIG. 1.
  • Insulating inserts 22, 23 are slightly modified in that they extend only between the inclined surfaces of dovetailed portions 13 and of respective clamping rings 26, 27.
  • Bores or channels 24, 25 in rings 26, 2.7, respectively, are radial, is. perpendicular to the axis of core 16, and communicate with the annular space 19 through clearances 26a, 27a between respective members 26, 27 and the peripheral zone 160 of core 16.
  • members 26, 27 are preferably provided with suitable axially parallel grooves in the walls surrounding their axial bores through which the insulating material 40 may pass from respective bores 24, 25 into the space 19.
  • outer ends of bores or channels 24, 25 terminate at the peripheral zones 26b, 27b of the clamping rings and beyond the ends of members 11, 12 to permit introduction of hardenable insulating material regardless of whether or not the spindle of an armature passes through the axial bore 16a of the commutators core 16.
  • FIG. 3 differs from that illustrated in FIG. 2 only in the construction of clamping rings 29, 30.
  • Arcuate grooves 31, 32 in respective members '29 terminate at the latters end faces 29a, 30a.
  • grooves 34, 35 are formed by removing layers of material from the walls surrounding the axial openings of clamping rings 29, 30, respectively.
  • Insulating inserts 36, 37 correspond to and serve the same purposes as members 22, 23 shown in FIG. 2.
  • Grooves 31, 34 and 32, 35 constitute channels communicating with space 19 at one end and with surrounding atmosphere at the other end.
  • a commutator comprising, in combination; an an.- nulus of insulated segments having two ends, an axis, and a coaxial bore, each segment having a dovetailed portion extending toward said bore and each dovetailed portion having a surface turned toward the axis of said annulus; a core coaxially received in said bore, said core having a pair of deformed end portions and a peripheral Zone defining an annular space with the surfaces of said dovetailed portions; a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, each ring having an end face engaged by one end portion of said core, a V-shaped extension engaging with said dovetailed portions in such manner as to urge said segments toward the axis of said annulus, and an axial opening surrounding the peripheral zone of said core, at least one of said rings defining at least one channel having one terminal in communication with said space and another terminal in the end face of the respective ring, each channel comprising a first groove having one end terminating in the end face and another end communicating with the opening of
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: an anulus of insulated segments having two ends, an axis, and a coaxial bore, each segment having a dovetailed portion extending toward said bore and each dovetailed portion having a surface turned toward the axis of said annulus; a core coaxially received in said bore, said core having a pair of deformed end portions and a peripheral zone defining an annular space with the surfaces of said dovetailed portions; a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, each ring having an end face engaged by one end portion of said core, a V-shaped extension engaging with said dovetailed portions in such manner as to urge said segments toward the axis of said annulus, and an axial opening surrounding the peripheral zone of said core, each ring defining at least one channel having one terminal in communication with said space and another terminal in the end face of the respective ring, each channel comprising a first groove having one end terminating in the end face and another end communicating with the opening of the respective ring, and
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: an annulus of insulated segments having two ends, an axis, and a coaxial bore, each segment having a dovetailed portion extending toward said bore and each dovetailed portion having a surface turned toward the axis of said annulus; a core coaxially received in said bore, said core having a pair of deformed end portions and a peripheral zone defining an annular space with the surfaces of said dovetailed portions; a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, each ring having an end face engaged by one end portion of said core, a V-shaped extension engaging with said dovetailed portions in such manner as to urge said segments toward the axis of said annulus, and an axial opening surrounding the peripheral zone of said core, at least one of said rings defining at least one channel having one terminal in communication with said space and another terminal in the end face of the respective ring, each channel comprising a first groove having one end terminating in the end face and another end communicating with the opening of the respective
  • a commutator comprising, in combination, an annulus of insulated segments having two ends, an axis, and a coaxial bore, each segment having a dovetailed portion extending toward said bore and each dovetailed portion having a surface turned toward the axis of said annulus; a core coaxially received in said bore, said core having a pair of deformed end portions and a peripheral zone defining an annular space with said surfaces of said dovetailed portions; a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, each ring having an end face engaged by one end portion of said bore, a V-shaped extension 6 engaging with said dovetailed portions in such a manner as to urge said segments toward the axis of said annulus, and an axial opening surrounding the peripheral zone of said bore, each clamping ring defining at least one channel having one end communicating with the surrounding atmosphere and another end communicating with said space; and a hardenable insulating material in said space.
  • each of said channels is formed by a bore through the respective clamping ring and extending inclined to the axis of said annulus.
  • each of said channels is formed by a radial bore through the respective clamping ring and extending at substantially right angle to the axis of said annulus.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
US759696A 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators for electric machines Expired - Lifetime US2990489A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0045965 1957-09-06
DEB46300A DE1196289B (de) 1957-09-06 1957-10-05 Nietkollektor
DEB0046473 1957-10-19

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US2990489A true US2990489A (en) 1961-06-27

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US759696A Expired - Lifetime US2990489A (en) 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators for electric machines
US759694A Expired - Lifetime US2990488A (en) 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators and method of making the same

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US (2) US2990489A (en))
BE (1) BE570885A (en))
CH (1) CH366889A (en))
DE (1) DE1196289B (en))
FR (1) FR1209182A (en))
GB (1) GB843892A (en))
NL (2) NL231146A (en))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110121220A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2011-05-26 Societe Bic Non-Interchangeable Connecting Valves for Fuel Cartridges

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3171999A (en) * 1959-07-14 1965-03-02 Gen Electric Canada Insulated magnetic core
US3280354A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-10-18 Robertshaw Controls Co High altitude commutator and brush assembly
US3751700A (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-08-07 Gec Lynn Commutator having commutating segments adhesively bonded in shear to a base member
DE2557310A1 (de) * 1975-04-16 1976-10-21 Nippert Co Kollektor fuer einen elektromotor
DE10319460A1 (de) * 2003-04-29 2004-11-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine mit elektromotorischem Antrieb

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1354005A (en) * 1917-03-03 1920-09-28 Toledo Standard Commutator Co Commutator and method of assembling same
US1503484A (en) * 1920-08-23 1924-08-05 Remy Electric Co Commutator and process of manufacture
US1845114A (en) * 1929-07-25 1932-02-16 Vincent G Apple Lab Commutator
US2677874A (en) * 1947-11-29 1954-05-11 Gen Motors Corp Manufacture of commutators
US2721283A (en) * 1952-03-22 1955-10-18 Marie A Kurath Mechanical structures having insulated parts and method of making same

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR478105A (fr) * 1914-07-17 1915-11-24 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques Du Nord Et De Lest Collecteurs pour machines électriques
FR732946A (fr) * 1931-03-11 1932-09-28 Alsthom Cgee Collecteur à lames pour machines et appareils électriques
US1846930A (en) * 1931-04-17 1932-02-23 Wagner Electric Corp Commutator and method of making same
GB517576A (en) * 1937-08-21 1940-02-02 Hoover Ltd Improvements in or relating to commutators for dynamo-electric machines
GB632020A (en) * 1948-01-12 1949-11-15 Watliff Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric commutators
GB704948A (en) * 1950-02-23 1954-03-03 Hcover Ltd Improvements relating to commutators for dynamo electric machines
US2651834A (en) * 1950-10-19 1953-09-15 Kirkwood Commutator Company Commutator blank and method of making commutators
US2606220A (en) * 1951-03-16 1952-08-05 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine commutator
US2668923A (en) * 1951-07-14 1954-02-09 Gen Electric Current collector

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1354005A (en) * 1917-03-03 1920-09-28 Toledo Standard Commutator Co Commutator and method of assembling same
US1503484A (en) * 1920-08-23 1924-08-05 Remy Electric Co Commutator and process of manufacture
US1845114A (en) * 1929-07-25 1932-02-16 Vincent G Apple Lab Commutator
US2677874A (en) * 1947-11-29 1954-05-11 Gen Motors Corp Manufacture of commutators
US2721283A (en) * 1952-03-22 1955-10-18 Marie A Kurath Mechanical structures having insulated parts and method of making same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110121220A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2011-05-26 Societe Bic Non-Interchangeable Connecting Valves for Fuel Cartridges
US20110189574A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2011-08-04 SOCIéTé BIC Pressurized Fuel Cell Cartridges
US8561965B2 (en) 2007-08-22 2013-10-22 Societe Bic Non-interchangeable connecting valves for fuel cartridges
US8932777B2 (en) 2007-08-22 2015-01-13 SOCIéTé BIC Fuel supply system with compressed gas and liquid fuel chambers for fuel cells

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Publication number Publication date
US2990488A (en) 1961-06-27
BE570885A (en))
DE1196289B (de) 1965-07-08
CH366889A (de) 1963-01-31
NL101670C (en))
FR1209182A (fr) 1960-02-29
GB843892A (en) 1960-08-10
NL231146A (en))

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