US2990488A - Commutators and method of making the same - Google Patents

Commutators and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US2990488A
US2990488A US759694A US75969458A US2990488A US 2990488 A US2990488 A US 2990488A US 759694 A US759694 A US 759694A US 75969458 A US75969458 A US 75969458A US 2990488 A US2990488 A US 2990488A
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United States
Prior art keywords
core
segment
segments
dovetailed
annulus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US759694A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schafer Fridolin
Wick Karl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to US94891A priority Critical patent/US3161947A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2990488A publication Critical patent/US2990488A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to commutators for electric machines, and more particularly to improvements in commutators of the type in which an annulus consisting of insulated dovetailed segments is held together by a pair of clamping rings and by a tubular core whose longitudinal ends are deformed or swedged to bear against the end faces of clamping rings and to thereby hold the annulus of segments in required position with respect to the axis about which the commutator revolves.
  • the apparatus for introducing the hardenable insulating substance comprises a pair of rams or plungers which are introduced from opposing ends of the core into its axial bore to compress and plasticize the insulating substance therebetween, to cause flow of plastic substance through the aperture into the annular space between the dovetailed portions and the peripheral Zone of the core.
  • the insulating substance prevents tilting of segments about the clamping rings, such tilting being undesirable because it causes rapid destruction of the runway for customary carbon brushes or wipers when the commutator is in actual use.
  • the insulating substance Since the insulating substance is introduced through the axial bore of the core, its introduction must precede the mounting of a so-constructed commutator onto the spindle of an armature because, as is well known in machines of this character, the spindle also passes through the axial bore in the core or rivet of such commutators.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method of filling the commutators with a hardenable insulating substance.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a commutator whose annulus of segments and of non-conducting sheets therebetween may be filled with a hardenable plasticized insulating substance after mounting of the commutator onto the spindle of an armature.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a commutator of the above described characteristics which is so constructed that the filling of its annulus with, and coating of armature coil by, an insulating substance may be carried out in a single operation.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a commutator having a rivet like core and a series of dovetailed annularly disposed segments which is so constructed that the insulating substance which prevents tilting of segments about their clamping rings may be introduced into the space surrounding the periphery of the core Patented June 27, 1961 through a single segment or through a number of segments while the construction of all other component parts remains unchanged.
  • the annulus, and more particularly at least one segment defines at least one passage or channel through which the annular space between dovetailed portions and the core communicates with the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the hardenable material may be introduced from the peripheral zone or from one or both end faces of one or more segments while the core is already mounted on the spindle of an armature and after the armature wires are already soldered to the lugs which latter form part of wedge-shaped dovetailed segments.
  • a segment is formed with at least one longitudinal cutout or groove in one or both of its major surfaces, the groove or grooves communicating with a transverse bore extending between the major surfaces of the segment.
  • At least one non-conducting sheet or plate adjacent to the so constructed segment or segments has its dovetailed portion formed with a cutout opening into the annular space defined by the dovetailed portions and the periphery of the commutators core.
  • the annular space may be filled with hardenable insulating material through the groove or grooves and the transverse bore in one or more segments, and through the cutout of one or more adjacent non-conducting sheets.
  • the introduction of insulating substance is carried out in vacuo by dipping the fully assembled commutator into the hardenable substance.
  • At least one segment is provided with one or more bores, grooves or cutouts which may be either perpendicular or inclined with respect to the axis about which the commutator rotates, one end of each cutout terminating in an exopsed surface of the segment, i.e. in its peripheral zone or in one of its end surfaces, and the other end opening into the space between the periphery of the core and the dovetailed portions of segments and of interposed non-conducting sheets.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial section through approximately one half of a commutator constructed in accordance with one embodiment of our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the segment shown in FIG. 1, the segment having a pair of longitudinal grooves and a tra sverse bore between the grooves;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a non-conducting sheet
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in perspective a modified segment having a radial groove
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a different segment having a pair of inclined grooves in its major surfaces.
  • the commutator 10 comprises an annulus consisting of wedge-shaped segments 11, one of which is shown in FIG. 2, and of non-conducting sheets or plates 12 interposed between the adjacent major surfaces of the segments, one sheet 12 being shown in FIG. 3.
  • Segments 11 comprise dovetailed portions 13 alternating with similar dovetailed portions 12a of non-conducting members 12.
  • Dovetailed portions 13, 12a are urged in direction perpendicular to and toward the axis of a tubular core 16 by a pair of clamping rings 14, 15 whose V-shaped extensions are received in complementary annular recesses defined by the portions 15, 12a.
  • Rings 14, 15 extend into the axial bore of annulus constituted by members 11, 12 and are inserted into said bore from the respective ends of the annulus. Short- .circuiting of segments 11 by rings 14, 15 or by core 16 is prevented by a pair of V-shaped annular insulators 18, 19 and by a cylindrical insulator 17 which latter surrounds the peripheral zone of core 16.
  • Core 16 has a pair of deformed or swedged end portions 16a, 16b which are bent over the end faces of respective clamping rings 14, 15 and urge said rings in the direction of dovetailed portions 13, 12a.
  • Core 16 constitutes the nave of commutator It) in that it receives the spindle (not shown) of an armature, and is coaxial with the annulus of segments 11 and plates 12.
  • one, more or all segments 11 are formed with a pair of longitudinal cutouts or grooves 2t), 21 as is best shown in FIG. 2. These grooves are provided in the lateral or major surfaces of the segment and extend between its longitudinal end surfaces preferably so that they partially extend into the material of dovetailed portion 13. Grooves 2t 21 are connected by a transverse bore 22 extending between the major surfaces of the segment.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a non-conducting sheet or plate 12 having a dovetailed portion 12a and a cutout 23 opening into the end face 12a of portion 12a.
  • the upper part of cutout 23 is aligned with bore 22 of an adjacent segment 11, as is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the exposed surface of insulating insert 17 and the end faces 13', 12a on dovetailed portions 13, 12a of respective members 11, 12 define therebetween a space 24 which may be filled with a hardcnable insulating substance 26 (shown broken away in FIG. 1) through grooves 2t), 21, through transverse bore 22, and through the inwardly opening cutout or aperture 2 3.
  • the introduction of insulating substance 26 may be carried out after the core 16 is already mounted on the spindle of an armature.
  • Grooves 21, bore 2 2 and cutout 23 thus form a channel or passage for introduction of insulating material 26 and, if the commutator comprises more than one segment of construction shown in FIG. 2 and more than one non-conducting sheet 12 of the construction shown in FIG. 3, the air from space 24 will escape through one or more channels while the material 26 is introduced through the remaining channel or channels.
  • the modified segment 30, shown in FIG. 4, is formed with a groove 31 extending from its exposed outer or peripheral surface 32 toward the end face 33' of its dovetained portion 33.
  • no cutouts or apertures need be provided in the non-conducting plates or sheets 12 because the hardenable insulating substance 26 may be introduced from the exposed peripheral zone of annulus constituted by segments 30 and by interposed plates directly into the annular space 24 of the commutator.
  • the periphery of annulus constituted by the segments and interposed non-conducting sheets is the runway for carbon brushes or wipers (not shown) of an electric machine.
  • groove 31 may be replaced by a radial or inclined bore between outer surface 32 and end face 33' of segment 30.
  • the segment 50 therein shown is formed with a pair of inclined grooves 51, 52 extending in its major surfaces between the opposing end surfaces 50a, 5 31), respectively, and the longitudinal ends of end face 53 on dovetailed portion 53.
  • the segment may be formed with a single groove 51 or 52, and such grooves may be provided in one, more or all segments of the commutator.
  • the advantage of construction shown in FIG. 5 is in that the cutouts do not terminate in the exposed outer or peripheral surface Site of the segment but rather in its end surfaces, so that the insulating substance filling the space 24 and the grooves or channels in the segment or segments cannot hinder the travel of wipers about the periphery of the commutator.
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core and having two ends and a bore, the annulus consisting of wedge-shaped segments and of interposed non-conducting plates, each segment and each plate having a dovetailed portion extending to said bore and each dovetailed portion having an axially extending inner face defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core, said annulus having at least one channel communicating with said space and with the surrounding atmosphere; a hardenable insulating substance filling said space; and a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, and each engaging with one of said deformed end portions and with said dovetailed portions in such manner as to urge said segments and said plates toward the axis of said core.
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core, said annulus having two ends, a bore, and consisting of wedge-shaped segments and of interposed non-conducting plates, each segment and each plate having a pair of major surfaces so disposed that each major surface of each segment abuts against one major surface of an adjacent plate, each segment and each plate having a pair of end surfaces and a dovetailed portion extending to the bore of said annulus, each dovetailed pontion having an axially extending inner face, the axially extending inner faces of said dovetailed portions defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core, at least one segment having at least one longitudinal groove in at least one of its major surfaces extending between the end surfaces of the respective segment and a transverse bore between the major surfaces communicating with said groove, and at least one plate adjacent to said one segment having a cutout in its dovetailed portion communicating with said
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core, said annulus having two ends, a bore, and consisting of wedge-shaped segments and of interposed non-conducting plates, each segment and each plate having a pair of major surfaces so disposed that each major surface of each segment abuts against one major surface of an adjacent plate, each segment and each plate having a dovetailed portion extending to said bore and each dovetailed portion having an axially extending inner face, the axially extending inner faces of said dovetailed pontions defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core, each segment having a pair of end surfaces and at least one segment having in at least one of its major surfaces an inclined groove extending from one of its end surfaces to the axially extending inner face of its dove,- tailed portion and constituting a channel between said space and the surrounding atmosphere; a hardenable insulating substance filling said space
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core, said annulus having two ends, a bore, and consisting of wedge-shaped segments and of interposed non-conducting plates, each segment and each plate having a pair of major surfaces so disposed that each major surface of each segment abuts against one major surface of an adjacent plate, each segment and each plate having a dovetailed portion extending to said bore and each dovetailed portion having an axially extending inner face, the axial- 1y extending inner faces of said dovetailed portions defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core, each segment having a pair of end surfaces and at least one segment having in each of its major surfaces an inclined groove extending from one of its end surfaces to the axially extending inner face of its dovetailed portion, said grooves being oppositely inclined with respect to the axis of said core and constituting two channels between said space and the surrounding atmosphere;
  • a commutator comprising, in combination: a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core, said annulus having two ends, a bore, and consisting of wedge-shaped segments and of interposed non-conducting plates, each segment and each plate having a pair of major surfaces so disposed that each major surface of each segment abuts against a major surface of an adjacent plate, each segment and each plate having a dovetailed portion extending to said bore and each dovetailed portion having an axially extending inner face, the axially extending inner faces of said dovetailed portions defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core, each segment having an outer surface and at least one of said segments having a radical groove in at least one of its major surfaces, the groove extending from the exposed surface of the respective segment toward the axially extending inner face of its dovetailed portion and constituting a channel between said space and the surrounding atmosphere; a hardenable insulating substance filling
  • a commutator comprising, in combination, a core having an axis, a peripheral zone and a pair of deformed end portions; an annulus coaxially surrounding said core and having two ends and a bore, the annulus consisting of wedge-shaped conducting segments and of nonconducting plates interposed between and abutting against said Wedge-shaped conductive segments, each segment and each plate having a dovetailed portion extending to said bore and each dovetailed portion having an axially extending inner face and a pair of side faces, said axially extending inner faces defining an annular space with the peripheral zone of said core and said pair of side faces defining respectively a pair of V-shaped grooves located respectively at said two ends of the annulus, said annulus being formed with channel means communicating with said space, the apices of said V-shaped grooves and the atmosphere; a pair of V-shaped insulating rings respectively located in said V-shaped grooves; a pair of clamping rings, one at each end of said annulus, and each engaging with one of said de

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
US759694A 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US2990488A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94891A US3161947A (en) 1958-09-08 1961-03-10 Method of making commutators

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0045965 1957-09-06
DEB46300A DE1196289B (de) 1957-09-06 1957-10-05 Nietkollektor
DEB0046473 1957-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2990488A true US2990488A (en) 1961-06-27

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US759694A Expired - Lifetime US2990488A (en) 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators and method of making the same
US759696A Expired - Lifetime US2990489A (en) 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators for electric machines

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US759696A Expired - Lifetime US2990489A (en) 1957-09-06 1958-09-08 Commutators for electric machines

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US (2) US2990488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE570885A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH366889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1196289B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1209182A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB843892A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL101670C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3171999A (en) * 1959-07-14 1965-03-02 Gen Electric Canada Insulated magnetic core
US3280354A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-10-18 Robertshaw Controls Co High altitude commutator and brush assembly
US3751700A (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-08-07 Gec Lynn Commutator having commutating segments adhesively bonded in shear to a base member
FR2308222A1 (fr) * 1975-04-16 1976-11-12 Nippert Co Collecteur de machine electrique a double isolement
US20050247468A1 (en) * 2003-04-29 2005-11-10 Justus Lamprecht Electric manual machine tool driven by an electric motor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2696766A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-26 Societe Bic. Pressurized fuel cell cartridges

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR478105A (fr) * 1914-07-17 1915-11-24 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques Du Nord Et De Lest Collecteurs pour machines électriques
US1354005A (en) * 1917-03-03 1920-09-28 Toledo Standard Commutator Co Commutator and method of assembling same
US1846930A (en) * 1931-04-17 1932-02-23 Wagner Electric Corp Commutator and method of making same
US2651834A (en) * 1950-10-19 1953-09-15 Kirkwood Commutator Company Commutator blank and method of making commutators
US2668923A (en) * 1951-07-14 1954-02-09 Gen Electric Current collector
US2671866A (en) * 1950-02-23 1954-03-09 Hoover Co Motor
US2677874A (en) * 1947-11-29 1954-05-11 Gen Motors Corp Manufacture of commutators
US2721283A (en) * 1952-03-22 1955-10-18 Marie A Kurath Mechanical structures having insulated parts and method of making same

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1503484A (en) * 1920-08-23 1924-08-05 Remy Electric Co Commutator and process of manufacture
US1845114A (en) * 1929-07-25 1932-02-16 Vincent G Apple Lab Commutator
FR732946A (fr) * 1931-03-11 1932-09-28 Alsthom Cgee Collecteur à lames pour machines et appareils électriques
GB517576A (en) * 1937-08-21 1940-02-02 Hoover Ltd Improvements in or relating to commutators for dynamo-electric machines
GB632020A (en) * 1948-01-12 1949-11-15 Watliff Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric commutators
US2606220A (en) * 1951-03-16 1952-08-05 Gen Electric Dynamoelectric machine commutator

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR478105A (fr) * 1914-07-17 1915-11-24 Ateliers De Constructions Electriques Du Nord Et De Lest Collecteurs pour machines électriques
US1354005A (en) * 1917-03-03 1920-09-28 Toledo Standard Commutator Co Commutator and method of assembling same
US1846930A (en) * 1931-04-17 1932-02-23 Wagner Electric Corp Commutator and method of making same
US2677874A (en) * 1947-11-29 1954-05-11 Gen Motors Corp Manufacture of commutators
US2671866A (en) * 1950-02-23 1954-03-09 Hoover Co Motor
US2651834A (en) * 1950-10-19 1953-09-15 Kirkwood Commutator Company Commutator blank and method of making commutators
US2668923A (en) * 1951-07-14 1954-02-09 Gen Electric Current collector
US2721283A (en) * 1952-03-22 1955-10-18 Marie A Kurath Mechanical structures having insulated parts and method of making same

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3171999A (en) * 1959-07-14 1965-03-02 Gen Electric Canada Insulated magnetic core
US3280354A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-10-18 Robertshaw Controls Co High altitude commutator and brush assembly
US3751700A (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-08-07 Gec Lynn Commutator having commutating segments adhesively bonded in shear to a base member
FR2308222A1 (fr) * 1975-04-16 1976-11-12 Nippert Co Collecteur de machine electrique a double isolement
US4071796A (en) * 1975-04-16 1978-01-31 The Nippert Company Double insulated commutator
US20050247468A1 (en) * 2003-04-29 2005-11-10 Justus Lamprecht Electric manual machine tool driven by an electric motor
US7196440B2 (en) * 2003-04-29 2007-03-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric manual machine tool driven by an electric motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1209182A (fr) 1960-02-29
CH366889A (de) 1963-01-31
DE1196289B (de) 1965-07-08
BE570885A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US2990489A (en) 1961-06-27
GB843892A (en) 1960-08-10
NL101670C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL231146A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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