US2986464A - Method for manufacturing bearing materials - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing bearing materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2986464A US2986464A US809148A US80914859A US2986464A US 2986464 A US2986464 A US 2986464A US 809148 A US809148 A US 809148A US 80914859 A US80914859 A US 80914859A US 2986464 A US2986464 A US 2986464A
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- Prior art keywords
- strip
- powder
- lead
- backing
- layer
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/20—Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
- F16C2223/32—Coating surfaces by attaching pre-existing layers, e.g. resin sheets or foils by adhesion to a substrate; Laminating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
- F16C2223/40—Coating surfaces by dipping in molten material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/49705—Coating or casting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
Definitions
- This invention relates generally .to bearings and more particularly to a composite bearing of the type which includes a layer of metal powder bonded to a backing layer.
- a bearing is usually manufactured by spreading loose metal powder, to the desired thickness, on a metal backing strip, sintering the powder for a short time to partially bond it to the backing strip, cooling the composite strip, rolling the strip to compress the powder layer to a maximum density, and finally sintering to complete the bonding of the powder particles to the backing strip. It has been found that it is difiicult to eliminate the porosity in the powder layer, particularly in the case of bronze powders because a layer of such a powder is sufficiently rigid to resist full compression by rolling. The backing material starts to compress and spread out before the voids in the powder layer have been eliminated.
- the thickness of standard gauge steel affects the extent of rolling of the sintered powder. For example, when a strip with a .010 inch layer of metal powder is rolled, a .001 inch variation in the thickness of the backing layer will cause a significant variation in the porosity of the powder layer.
- the method of this invention involves quenching the composite strip, following sintering and rolling, to fill the pores in the powder layer with lead'which is a soft metal suitable for satisfactory bearing use and is a constituent of the sintered layer.
- lead' which is a soft metal suitable for satisfactory bearing use and is a constituent of the sintered layer.
- a loose powder is deposited on a moving strip of backing metal which then travels through a sintering furnace so that as the strip emerges from the furnace it has a layer of sintered powder bonded thereto.
- After cooling of the composite strip it is subjected to rolling to reduce porosity, followed by heating and then quenching in a lead bath.
- a composite strip made according to the method of this invention has the following advantages.
- the strip will not pick up foreign particles which interfere with machining of the strip.
- the object of this invention is to provide an improved method of manufacturing composite bearing material.
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the steps in the method of this invention
- Fig. 2 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of the composite strip of this invention following sintering and looking substantially along the line 22 in Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view, illustratedsimilarly to Fig. 2, showing the strip following sintering and rolling and looking substantially along the line 33 in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the position of Fig. 3 enclosed within thecircle 4 in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view, illustrated similarly to Figs. 2 and 3, showing the strip following sintering, rolling and quenching and looking substantially along the line. 5-5 in Fig. 1;
- Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion of Fig. 5 enclosed within the circle 6 in Fig. 5.
- Fig. l shows a roll 10 of a metal strip 12 suitable for a backing layer.
- the strip 12 is unwound from the roll 10 and a loose metal powder 26 from a powder dispensing member 24 is deposited on the top side of the strip.
- the composition of this powder is such that during travel of the strip through a sintering furnace, the powder is initially bonded to the strip 12.
- the strip 12 with the powder 26 thereon travels through a sintering furnace 14, and then through a cooling chamber 16.
- the strip is subjected to the pressure of a pair of rolls 18 which function to compress the sintered layer of powder 26 to reduce the voids 25 in the layer.
- the layer of powder 26 is porous after it leaves the sintering furnace 12 (Fig. 2). Subjecting the strip to the action of the rolls 18 reduces the porosity of the powder layer (Fig. 3) but some pores 25 remain in the strip.
- the composite strip After the composite strip leaves the rolls 18, it is heated in a furnace 20 and guided into a. lead bath 22 which is at a substantially lower temperature than the temperature of the strip after it leaves the furnace 20. Consequently, the strip is cooled in the lead bath 22 and the molten lead 28 in the bath flows into the voids and pores 25 in the layer of powder 26.
- Fig. 6 shows the lead 28 filling the pores 25 in thebearing surface layer.
- the cooling of the powder layer providesfor a lowering of the pressure in the voids between thepowder particles and this partial vacuum inthe voids assists the-flow of lead into these voids when the strip is in lead bath 22.
- the surface tension of the molten lead with the sintered particles is such that the lead tends to displace the cracked gas in the pores to further assist the flow of lead into the pores.
- a steel backing strip 12 was utilized and a powder consisting of approximately percent copper, 10 percent tin, and 10 percent lead was deposited on the strip.
- the powder is of a particle size such that substantially all of it will pass through a mesh screen, so the maximum particle dimension is 0.0058 inch. Furthermore, about 40 percent of the powder will pass through a 325 mesh screen so that it has a maximum particle dimension of 0.0017 inch.
- This powder was sintered at 1475 degrees Fahrenheit for ten to twelve minutes and then rolled to approximately half its original thickness. It is estimated that following rolling the largest pore diameter is in the 0.0001 to 0.0003 inch range.
- the lead bath was maintained at a temperature between 700 and 900 degrees Fahrenheit and the temperature in the furnace 20 was maintained at about 1500 degrees Fahrenheit.
- a test of the strip prior to quenching showed that it had a 9.5 percent lead content.
- the first sample tested had a final lead content of 11.6 percent; a second sample had a final lead content of 12.75 percent, and the last sample, which was intentionally formed more porous than the others, had a final lead content of 14.7 percent lead.
- an analysis of the powder before quenching disclosed a 10.4 percent lead content.
- the strip was rolled to a Rockwell hardness of 85 on the W scale (a hardness rating relating to the impression made in the lining layer by a one-eighth inch ball under a fifteen kilogram static load) and then quenched.
- a subsequent analysis showed a 13.38 percent lead content.
- an analysis showed an 11.70 percent final lead content.
- a 75 percent copper, 1 percent tin and 24 percent lead powder layer applied to a steel backing strip an analysis of the powder before quenching showed a 24.51 percent lead content.
- the strip was rolled to a lining hardness of 52 on the Rockwell 15 W scale and then quenched, analysis showed a final lead content of the lining of 31.48 percent.
- the same strip was rolled to an increased hardness, namely, 75 to 80 on the Rockwell 15 W scale, and then quenched it had a final lining lead content of 25.54 percent.
- Such a bearing material is very desirable for manufacturing bearings that require some machining because, since the pores are filled with lead, there cannot be any foreign particles in the pores to interfere with machining.
Description
y 30, 1961 E. J. LEWIS ETAL 2,986,464
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BEARING MATERIALS Filed April 2'7, 1959 n I wk 2,986,464 Patented May 30, 1961 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BEARING MATERIALS Edward J. Lewis, James W. OBrien, and Hedley .R.
Colby, Greenville, Mich, assignors to Federal-Mogul- Bower Bearings,Inc., Detroit, Mich.,,a corporation of Michigan Filed Apr.27, 19 59; SenNo. 809,148
3 Claims. (Cl. 75-208) This invention relates generally .to bearings and more particularly to a composite bearing of the type which includes a layer of metal powder bonded to a backing layer.
It is difiieult to eliminate the objectionable porosity in the powder surface layer of a composite bearing. Such a bearing is usually manufactured by spreading loose metal powder, to the desired thickness, on a metal backing strip, sintering the powder for a short time to partially bond it to the backing strip, cooling the composite strip, rolling the strip to compress the powder layer to a maximum density, and finally sintering to complete the bonding of the powder particles to the backing strip. It has been found that it is difiicult to eliminate the porosity in the powder layer, particularly in the case of bronze powders because a layer of such a powder is sufficiently rigid to resist full compression by rolling. The backing material starts to compress and spread out before the voids in the powder layer have been eliminated. Another reason it is diificult to remove the voids by rolling is that the thickness of standard gauge steel affects the extent of rolling of the sintered powder. For example, when a strip with a .010 inch layer of metal powder is rolled, a .001 inch variation in the thickness of the backing layer will cause a significant variation in the porosity of the powder layer.
Streaks of increased porosity caused by separation and segregation of'coarser powder particles, have been observed in some sintered layers. It is difficult to eliminate these streaks by rolling.
The method of this invention involves quenching the composite strip, following sintering and rolling, to fill the pores in the powder layer with lead'which is a soft metal suitable for satisfactory bearing use and is a constituent of the sintered layer. A loose powder is deposited on a moving strip of backing metal which then travels through a sintering furnace so that as the strip emerges from the furnace it has a layer of sintered powder bonded thereto. After cooling of the composite strip, it is subjected to rolling to reduce porosity, followed by heating and then quenching in a lead bath.
A composite strip made according to the method of this invention has the following advantages.
(a) A sounder composite strip is obtained since the pores in the powder layer are filled with lead.
(b) There is less oxidation of the composite strip.
Because the pores are lead-filled, the strip will not pick up foreign particles which interfere with machining of the strip.
(d) There is less corrosion because the porosity is eliminated.
The object of this invention, therefore, is to provide an improved method of manufacturing composite bearing material.
Further objects, features and advantages of this invention will become apparent from a consideration of the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the steps in the method of this invention;
Fig. 2 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of the composite strip of this invention following sintering and looking substantially along the line 22 in Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view, illustratedsimilarly to Fig. 2, showing the strip following sintering and rolling and looking substantially along the line 33 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the position of Fig. 3 enclosed within thecircle 4 in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view, illustrated similarly to Figs. 2 and 3, showing the strip following sintering, rolling and quenching and looking substantially along the line. 5-5 in Fig. 1; and
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion of Fig. 5 enclosed within the circle 6 in Fig. 5.
With reference to the drawing, the method of this invention is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. l which shows a roll 10 of a metal strip 12 suitable for a backing layer. The strip 12 is unwound from the roll 10 and a loose metal powder 26 from a powder dispensing member 24 is deposited on the top side of the strip. The composition of this powder is such that during travel of the strip through a sintering furnace, the powder is initially bonded to the strip 12. The strip 12 with the powder 26 thereon travels through a sintering furnace 14, and then through a cooling chamber 16. After cooling of the composite strip in thechamber 16, the strip is subjected to the pressure of a pair of rolls 18 which function to compress the sintered layer of powder 26 to reduce the voids 25 in the layer.
The layer of powder 26 is porous after it leaves the sintering furnace 12 (Fig. 2). Subjecting the strip to the action of the rolls 18 reduces the porosity of the powder layer (Fig. 3) but some pores 25 remain in the strip.
After the composite strip leaves the rolls 18, it is heated in a furnace 20 and guided into a. lead bath 22 which is at a substantially lower temperature than the temperature of the strip after it leaves the furnace 20. Consequently, the strip is cooled in the lead bath 22 and the molten lead 28 in the bath flows into the voids and pores 25 in the layer of powder 26. Fig. 6 shows the lead 28 filling the pores 25 in thebearing surface layer.
The cooling of the powder layer providesfor a lowering of the pressure in the voids between thepowder particles and this partial vacuum inthe voids assists the-flow of lead into these voids when the strip is in lead bath 22. The surface tension of the molten lead with the sintered particles is such that the lead tends to displace the cracked gas in the pores to further assist the flow of lead into the pores. As a result, when the strip leaves the lead bath 22 the voids in the powder layer have been filled with lead. The powder layer with the lead filled voids may then be wiped followed by further cooling.
In one form of the invention, a steel backing strip 12 was utilized and a powder consisting of approximately percent copper, 10 percent tin, and 10 percent lead was deposited on the strip. The powder is of a particle size such that substantially all of it will pass through a mesh screen, so the maximum particle dimension is 0.0058 inch. Furthermore, about 40 percent of the powder will pass through a 325 mesh screen so that it has a maximum particle dimension of 0.0017 inch. This powder was sintered at 1475 degrees Fahrenheit for ten to twelve minutes and then rolled to approximately half its original thickness. It is estimated that following rolling the largest pore diameter is in the 0.0001 to 0.0003 inch range. The lead bath was maintained at a temperature between 700 and 900 degrees Fahrenheit and the temperature in the furnace 20 was maintained at about 1500 degrees Fahrenheit. A test of the strip prior to quenching showed that it had a 9.5 percent lead content. The first sample tested had a final lead content of 11.6 percent; a second sample had a final lead content of 12.75 percent, and the last sample, which was intentionally formed more porous than the others, had a final lead content of 14.7 percent lead.
In another test example, having an 80 percent copper, percent tin and 10 percent lead powder layer or lining applied to a steel backing strip, an analysis of the powder before quenching disclosed a 10.4 percent lead content. The strip was rolled to a Rockwell hardness of 85 on the W scale (a hardness rating relating to the impression made in the lining layer by a one-eighth inch ball under a fifteen kilogram static load) and then quenched. A subsequent analysis showed a 13.38 percent lead content. When the same strip was rolled to a lining hardness of 95 on the 15 W scale, so as to reduce the porosity below that of the first test, and then quenched, an analysis showed an 11.70 percent final lead content.
In still another example, a 75 percent copper, 1 percent tin and 24 percent lead powder layer applied to a steel backing strip, an analysis of the powder before quenching showed a 24.51 percent lead content. When the strip was rolled to a lining hardness of 52 on the Rockwell 15 W scale and then quenched, analysis showed a final lead content of the lining of 31.48 percent. When the same strip was rolled to an increased hardness, namely, 75 to 80 on the Rockwell 15 W scale, and then quenched it had a final lining lead content of 25.54 percent.
Backing strips provided with copper-lead-tin powder layers in the following respective percentages have also been quenched in lead according to the above process to improve the bearing characteristics of the composite strip: 88-8-4; 73-23-4 and 64.535.00.5.
Such a bearing material is very desirable for manufacturing bearings that require some machining because, since the pores are filled with lead, there cannot be any foreign particles in the pores to interfere with machining.
Although the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that it is not to be so limited, since changes can be made therein which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. The method of manufacturing composite bearing material consisting of a steel backing strip and a layer of metal powder of approximately 64 to 88 percent copper, 8 to 35 percent lead and 0.5 to 10 percent tin composition bonded to the backing member, said method consisting of applying said powder in loose form to said backing strip, heating said powder to a temperature sufficient to sinter it and bond it to the backing strip, cooling the composite backing and powder strip, rolling the composite backing and powder strip to substantially eliminate the pores in the powder layer, re-heating said strip to substantially said sintering temperature, and dipping said strip in a lead bath at a temperature of between 700 and 900 degrees Fahrenheit to provide for a filling of the pores which remained after said rolling step with lead from the bath.
2. The method of manufacturing composite bearing material consisting of a steel backing strip and a layer of metal powder which is composed predominantly of copper and lead bonded to the backing member, said method consisting of applying said powder in loose form to said backing strip, heating said powder to a temperature suflicient to sinter it and bond it to the backing strip, cooling the composite backing and powder strip, rolling the composite backing and powder strip to substantially eliminate the pores in the powder layer, reheating said strip to substantially said sintering temperature, and dipping said strip in a lead bath at a temperature of between 700 and 900 degrees Fahrenheit to provide for a filling of any pores remaining in said powder layer following sintering with lead from the bath.
3. The method of manufacturing composite bearing material consisting of a steel backing strip and a layer of metal powder which is composed predominantly of copper and lead bonded to the backing strip, said method consisting of applying said powder in loose form to said backing strip, heating said powder to a temperature sufficient to sinter it and bond it to the backing strip, rolling the composite strip to substantially eliminate the pores in the powder layer so that the largest pore diameter remaining in the powder layer is in the .0001 to .0003 inch range, heating said composite strip to substantially'said sintering temperature, and immediately quenching said strip in a lead bath at a temperature of between 700 and 900 degrees Fahrenheit to provide for a filling of the pores which remain after said rolling step with lead from said bath.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,198,254 Koehring Apr. 23, 1940 2,289,658 Koehring July 14, 1942 2,902,748 Schaefer Sept. 8, 1959
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE BEARING MATERIAL CONSISTING OF A STEEL BACKING STRIP AND A LAYER OF METAL POWDER OF APPROXIMATELY 64 TO 88 PERCENT COPPER, 8 TO 35 PERCENT LEAD AND 0.5 TO 10 PERCENT TIN COMPOSITION BONDED TO THE BACKING MEMBER, SAID METHOD CONSISTING OF APPLYING SAID POWDER IN LOOSE FORM TO SAID BACKING STRIP, HEATING SAID POWDER TO A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO SINTER IT AND BOND IT TO THE BACKING STRIP, COOLING THE COMPOSITE BACKING AND POWDER STRIP, ROLLING THE COMPOSITE BACKING AND POWDER STRIP TO SUBSTANTIALLY ELIMINATE THE PORES IN THE POWDER, LAYER, RE-HEATING SAID STRIP TO SUBSTANTIALLY SAID SINTERING TEMPERATURE, AND DIPPING SAID STRIP IN A LEAD BATH AT A TEMPERATURE OF BETWEEN 700 AND 900 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT TO PROVIDE FOR A FILLING OF THE PORES WHICH REMAINED AFTER SAID ROLLING STEP WITH LEAD FROM THE BATH.
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US809148A US2986464A (en) | 1959-04-27 | 1959-04-27 | Method for manufacturing bearing materials |
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US809148A US2986464A (en) | 1959-04-27 | 1959-04-27 | Method for manufacturing bearing materials |
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US2986464A true US2986464A (en) | 1961-05-30 |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3089208A (en) * | 1959-09-02 | 1963-05-14 | Albert W Scribner | Continuous casting process |
US3142559A (en) * | 1960-11-08 | 1964-07-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a bearing |
US3154844A (en) * | 1960-12-09 | 1964-11-03 | Federai Mogul Bower Bearings I | Process for making composite bearings |
US3177564A (en) * | 1962-03-28 | 1965-04-13 | Gert Deventer | Fabricating self-lubricating articles |
US3352668A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1967-11-14 | Clevite Corp | Method for producing a bearing material |
US3352647A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1967-11-14 | Clevite Corp | Bearing material |
US3361562A (en) * | 1964-12-18 | 1968-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Method for providing metal coatings |
US3969084A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1976-07-13 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Copper-base bearing material containing corrosion-resistant lead alloy |
DE2617449A1 (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-11-18 | Federal Mogul Corp | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE BEARING MATERIAL |
US4818628A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1989-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Process for making composite bearing material produced thereby |
US4904537A (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1990-02-27 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Copper-lead composite bearing material having fine lead size and method of producing same |
US5328772A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1994-07-12 | Daido Metal Company | Multilayer sliding material for high-speed engine and method of producing same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2198254A (en) * | 1936-08-07 | 1940-04-23 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite metal structures |
US2289658A (en) * | 1939-05-01 | 1942-07-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite metal elements |
US2902748A (en) * | 1956-01-09 | 1959-09-08 | Clevite Corp | Bearing and method of making same |
-
1959
- 1959-04-27 US US809148A patent/US2986464A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2198254A (en) * | 1936-08-07 | 1940-04-23 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite metal structures |
US2289658A (en) * | 1939-05-01 | 1942-07-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making composite metal elements |
US2902748A (en) * | 1956-01-09 | 1959-09-08 | Clevite Corp | Bearing and method of making same |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3089208A (en) * | 1959-09-02 | 1963-05-14 | Albert W Scribner | Continuous casting process |
US3142559A (en) * | 1960-11-08 | 1964-07-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a bearing |
US3154844A (en) * | 1960-12-09 | 1964-11-03 | Federai Mogul Bower Bearings I | Process for making composite bearings |
US3177564A (en) * | 1962-03-28 | 1965-04-13 | Gert Deventer | Fabricating self-lubricating articles |
US3361562A (en) * | 1964-12-18 | 1968-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Method for providing metal coatings |
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US3352668A (en) * | 1966-08-22 | 1967-11-14 | Clevite Corp | Method for producing a bearing material |
US3969084A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1976-07-13 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Copper-base bearing material containing corrosion-resistant lead alloy |
DE2617449A1 (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-11-18 | Federal Mogul Corp | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE BEARING MATERIAL |
US4002472A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1977-01-11 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Process for making composite bearing material |
US4904537A (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1990-02-27 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Copper-lead composite bearing material having fine lead size and method of producing same |
US4818628A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1989-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Process for making composite bearing material produced thereby |
US5328772A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1994-07-12 | Daido Metal Company | Multilayer sliding material for high-speed engine and method of producing same |
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