US2984078A - Process for condensing chlorine gas - Google Patents

Process for condensing chlorine gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US2984078A
US2984078A US760538A US76053858A US2984078A US 2984078 A US2984078 A US 2984078A US 760538 A US760538 A US 760538A US 76053858 A US76053858 A US 76053858A US 2984078 A US2984078 A US 2984078A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chlorine
condenser
pressure
gas
inert gas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US760538A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schmidt Heinz
Reinshagen Paul
Ziemer Waldemar
Holzinger Franz
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US2984078A publication Critical patent/US2984078A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/921—Chlorine

Definitions

  • Chlorine condensers often have the function of buffering installations which, together with various electrolytic chlorine discharge devices, balance the produc tion and consumption of chlorine so that a constant pres sure is maintained in the chlorine distributing pipe system.
  • Low temperature cooling apparatus when subjected to stronger load variation cannot fulfill the aforesaid buffering function in a sufficiently elastic manner, since the condenser spaces are filled with residual gas and do not permit an instantaneous increase or reduction of the condensation capacity without a variation of the gas pressure being involved.
  • the amount of gas that undergoes condensation is often regulated by means of shutofi devices which, however, because of the necessary pressure gradient, cannot be installed without a disadvantage being involved, especially into installations which are operated only under a slight superatmospheric pressure.
  • the object of this invention is to overcome the above difliculties by means of an adjustable inert gas cushion which regulates the admission of chlorine to the cooling surfaces of the condenser.
  • the process .for condensing chlorine gas according to this invention comprises varying the amount of condensing chlorine at a constant condensation pressure and temperature by means of an inert gas cushion produced by introducing or withdrawing inert gas.
  • inert gases there may be used all gases uncondensable under the conditions prevailing in the chlorine condensation, such as nitrogen, air, gaseous carbonic acid and the noble gases, for example argon.
  • nitrogen when it is desired to produce especially pure gaseous chlorine, it is advantageous to use nitrogen as inert gas.
  • the admission or the removal of inert gas is regulated automatically by the pressure prevailing in the chlorine supply pipe so that the pressure remains constant.
  • the process may also be modified so that the temperature at which the chlorine undergoes condensation is automatically kept constant.
  • the inert gas may be admitted in the first stage while it is withdrawn in the last stage.
  • uncondensable dry inert gas is injected into the condenser to reduce the condensation capacity, the amount of inert gas injected being controlled automatically by the pressure prevailing in the chlorine distributing pipe.
  • the partial pressure of the inert gas is reduced by means of a blow-through valve that opens automatically, whereby a portion of the inert gas added and the residual condensing chlorine gas are caused to flow off. It is accordingly possible to increase or reduce the amount of condensing substance within reasonable time by means of an automatic regulator at a constant pressure of chlotime and at a constant condensation temperature.
  • cooling apparatus 4 employing a boiling cooling agent, for example difluoromonochloromethane.
  • the cooling capacity of condenser 3 and cooling apparatus 4 are so dimensioned that in the extreme case the total amount of chlorine produced can be liquefied; in the chosen example, which is carried out under a pressure of 2.5 atmospheres absolute at a temperature of 30 C. and where the chlorine contains 1.2% of uncondensable gases, about 99% of the chlorine can be condensed.
  • valve 5 in communication with condenser 3, the amount and partial pressure of the gases within condenser 3 is controllable so that the desired degree of liquefaction is reached and the pressure in the system is kept constant at 2.5 atmospheres absolute.
  • the equilibrium partial pressure of chlorine in condenser 3 is 1.2 atmospheres. Since the system is under a total pressure of 2.5 atmospheres, the partial pressure of non-condensable gases is 1.3 atmospheres, and the partial volumes of chlorine and non-condensable gas are 48% and 52%. If consumer demand for chlorine drawn from conduit 1 decreases, tending to increase the chlorine pressure in conduit 1, pressure regulated control means 7 activate circuit 10 opening valve 5, which permits escape of the equilibrium gas mixture from condenser 3. The system will tend to reestablish equilibrium conditions by condensation of chlorine gas and simultaneous accumulation of non-condensable gases within condenser 3. Thus, the pressure stress in conduit 1 is relieved by condensation of chlorine.
  • valve 5 is closed, partially or completely, to discourage escape of the equilibrium gas mixture and to throttle further condensation of chlorine in condenser 3.
  • the time lag involved in building up the content of non-condensable gas in the condenser'to the value found for the gas in the equilibrium gas mixture is too lengthy to permit effective control, since only small amounts of non-condensable gas are normally found in the chlorine and are introduced into the condenser in this manner.
  • chlorine can be quickly displaced from the condenser surfaces by increasing the partial pressure of noncondensable gases in the condenser by another means, and the process of condensation thus quickly throttled.
  • valve 6 which receives its impulses through circuit '9 from a pressure meter 7 inserted in the chlorine supply pipe.
  • valve 6 the amount of uncondensable inert gas is increased as the pressure falls in the chlorine supply pipe or reduced as the pressure increases; in the extreme case the valve is closed.
  • a distributing system comprising, in communication, said source,-saidlinkrand a condenser in which chlorine in eXcessof that required to maintain said substantially'constant pressure is condensed at a substantially constant'condensation' temperature and pressure, the improvement" which comprises rapidly decreasing-the amount of chlorine condensed in saidcondenser when chlorine demand at said sink is is increased, and rapidly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
US760538A 1957-09-14 1958-09-12 Process for condensing chlorine gas Expired - Lifetime US2984078A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF23958A DE1056156B (de) 1957-09-14 1957-09-14 Verfahren zum Verfluessigen von Chlorgas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2984078A true US2984078A (en) 1961-05-16

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US760538A Expired - Lifetime US2984078A (en) 1957-09-14 1958-09-12 Process for condensing chlorine gas

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US (1) US2984078A (en))
BE (1) BE571214A (en))
DE (1) DE1056156B (en))
FR (1) FR1202579A (en))

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237417A (en) * 1961-07-26 1966-03-01 Diamond Alkali Co Method of condensing and purifying liquid chlorine
US4078390A (en) * 1975-08-12 1978-03-14 Duvall Lee J Removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from stack gases
WO1995031679A1 (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-23 Ppg Industries, Inc. Liquefaction of chlorine or other substances
US20030167794A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-11 Alcatel Method of treating gaseous waste from an optical fiber preform fabrication unit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5425519B2 (en)) * 1973-05-31 1979-08-28

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797555A (en) * 1951-09-22 1957-07-02 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797555A (en) * 1951-09-22 1957-07-02 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237417A (en) * 1961-07-26 1966-03-01 Diamond Alkali Co Method of condensing and purifying liquid chlorine
US4078390A (en) * 1975-08-12 1978-03-14 Duvall Lee J Removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from stack gases
WO1995031679A1 (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-23 Ppg Industries, Inc. Liquefaction of chlorine or other substances
US5490390A (en) * 1994-05-13 1996-02-13 Ppg Industries, Inc. Liquefaction of chlorine or other substances
US20030167794A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2003-09-11 Alcatel Method of treating gaseous waste from an optical fiber preform fabrication unit
US6792774B2 (en) * 2002-03-07 2004-09-21 Alcatel Method of treating gaseous waste from an optical fiber preform fabrication unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1202579A (fr) 1960-01-12
BE571214A (en))
DE1056156B (de) 1959-04-30

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