US2972647A - Process for the production of ethylene - Google Patents

Process for the production of ethylene Download PDF

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Publication number
US2972647A
US2972647A US432016A US43201654A US2972647A US 2972647 A US2972647 A US 2972647A US 432016 A US432016 A US 432016A US 43201654 A US43201654 A US 43201654A US 2972647 A US2972647 A US 2972647A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ethylene
carbon
cracking
oil
products
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US432016A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fischer Kurt
Rummert Gunter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2972647A publication Critical patent/US2972647A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C11/02—Alkenes
    • C07C11/04—Ethylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/8995—Catalyst and recycle considerations
    • Y10S585/901—Catalyst and recycle considerations with recycle, rehabilitation, or preservation of solvent, diluent, or mass action agent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S585/00—Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds
    • Y10S585/8995—Catalyst and recycle considerations
    • Y10S585/905—Catalyst and recycle considerations by-product conversion to feed

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of ethylene and particularly to the production of ethylene inl high yield by. the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons wherein the by-products of the cracking process are re-cycled for further treatment to-produce additional quantities of It has,heretofor e, been known to produce benzines of low boiling point, as well as gaseous saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, by the cracking of heavy oils. In these processes, in order to obtain high yields-of *gas, it has been proposed to re-cycle unconverted oil and the liquid portions formed during thecracking stage for a V 3 second cracking, either under the sameconditions or under other conditions according to the desired purpose.
  • the olefines may be utilized in many types of chemical syntheses such as alkylations, oxo-synthesis, and the'like, ,1
  • a further advantage of this invention lies in the fact that the lay-products of the cracking process, such as the aromatics and hydrogen, are continuously reintroduced into the reaction so that, within the framework of the carbon-hydrogen equilibrium, substantial new formation of these by-products no longer takes place. 5
  • the process of this invention requires only a minimum amount of apparatus, therefore, providing for good utilization of plant capacity while, at the same time, unusually high yields of ethylenes are obtained and only relatively small amounts of aromatic hydrocarbons, hydro- I gen and carbonare formed as by-products.
  • the most varied aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons and their mixtures such as: diesel oil, kerosene, crude paraflin, etc. may be employed for the process.
  • the process may be carried out in all of the suitable apparasmall chamber reactors and either wither Without fixed A's catalyst masses, there are suitable oxides of the second, third, fourth, and sixth 'grou'psof thepriodic' system, such as aluminum oxide, magnesium aluminum silicate, magnesium-aluminum molyb'clate and potassium-magnesium silicate.
  • the introduction of heat may take place either through the walls of the reaction chamber or by the .useof. inert heat carriers.
  • the alternating type of operation, according to the regenerator principle may also be used.
  • liquid hydrocarbons (re-cycle oil) 10.5 kg. propylene-l-butylene 5.9 kg. methane+ethane+propane+butane f 0.4 kg. hydrogen 4.2 kg. ethylene From the mixture of gases the ethylene and the hydrogen were separated selectively by adsorption on active carbon, and the entire remainder, together with the liquid hydrocarbons (re-cycle oil) obtained, plus kg. of fresh oil were returned into the reaction. This was done each hour.
  • Example 2 The operation was conducted exactly as in Example 1, except that instead of 12.1 kg. of hydrogen-free re-cycle gas, 12.9 kg. of re-cycle gas having the following composition were introduced:
  • Remainder Carbon and aromatics. The added re'cycle oil and re-cycle gas, introduced in the beginning, were recovered.
  • Example 3 In the same apparatus as in Example 1 there were injected in molten condition per hour:
  • a process for the production of ethylene in high yield comprising the steps of thermally cracking hydrocarbons, having more than two carbon atoms, in a single reaction chamber to which fresh liquid hydrocarbons are continuously added, to form ethylene, carbon and byproducts, including methane, conducting the ethylene, carbon and by-products through separation stages for the removal of carbon and recovery of the ethylene, and then returning all hydrocarbon by-products to the single reaction chamber.
  • lay-products include hydrogen and wherein part of the hydrogen is separated out and part is returned to the reaction chamber with the remaining by-products, that part of the hydrogen which is returned being proportional to the amount of carbon that is separated during the same period.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US432016A 1953-06-08 1954-05-24 Process for the production of ethylene Expired - Lifetime US2972647A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2972647X 1953-06-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2972647A true US2972647A (en) 1961-02-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US432016A Expired - Lifetime US2972647A (en) 1953-06-08 1954-05-24 Process for the production of ethylene

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2972647A (en))
BE (1) BE529353A (en))
CH (1) CH326536A (en))
FR (1) FR1105968A (en))
GB (1) GB780257A (en))
NL (1) NL104029C (en))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3711568A (en) * 1970-09-24 1973-01-16 H Cooper Pyrolysis process

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2498806A (en) * 1946-07-16 1950-02-28 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of ethylene
US2597346A (en) * 1948-10-29 1952-05-20 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for effecting the conversion of organic reactant streams
US2621216A (en) * 1950-08-17 1952-12-09 Shell Dev Production of ethylene
US2653903A (en) * 1950-06-09 1953-09-29 Phillips Petroleum Co Hydrocarbon conversion

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2498806A (en) * 1946-07-16 1950-02-28 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of ethylene
US2597346A (en) * 1948-10-29 1952-05-20 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for effecting the conversion of organic reactant streams
US2653903A (en) * 1950-06-09 1953-09-29 Phillips Petroleum Co Hydrocarbon conversion
US2621216A (en) * 1950-08-17 1952-12-09 Shell Dev Production of ethylene

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3711568A (en) * 1970-09-24 1973-01-16 H Cooper Pyrolysis process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1105968A (fr) 1955-12-09
NL104029C (en))
GB780257A (en) 1957-07-31
CH326536A (de) 1957-12-31
BE529353A (en))

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