US2968928A - Floating barrier - Google Patents

Floating barrier Download PDF

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Publication number
US2968928A
US2968928A US495842A US49584255A US2968928A US 2968928 A US2968928 A US 2968928A US 495842 A US495842 A US 495842A US 49584255 A US49584255 A US 49584255A US 2968928 A US2968928 A US 2968928A
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Prior art keywords
hose
magazine
floating body
floating
foam
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Expired - Lifetime
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US495842A
Inventor
Wicklander Anders Emanuel
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0814—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material with underwater curtains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0821—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material adapted for protection against fire or extreme heat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0857—Buoyancy material
    • E02B15/0885—Foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/918—Miscellaneous specific techniques
    • Y10S210/922—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial
    • Y10S210/924—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial using physical agent, e.g. sponge, mop

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object a method to provide an improved contrivance for the purpose in view, that is to say a floating barrier, which is easily kept in readiness and permits of being quickly launched.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that a hose kept in a state of readiness is laid out on the Water surface, and is filled, in immediate connection thereto, with a highly liquid fluid, preferably foam, which keeps the hose floating on the water surface.
  • a contrivance for carrying out the method according to the invention is distinguished by a floating body and by a magazine connected thereto for a hose folded up into a state of readiness, said hose being provided with a connection for the supply of a highly liquid agent, preferably foam, through the pressing of which into the hose the latter is being filled.
  • a highly liquid agent preferably foam
  • the hose may be secured at one end thereof to the magazine with the floating body, while the other end thereof runs in an extensible manner out of the magazine.
  • the outer end of the hose is preferably held secured to the magazine by means of a coupling device, which is disconnected when the contrivance is to be launched.
  • FIG. 1 shows the contrivance in longitudinal section
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show cross sections through the developed hose according to a couple of different embodiments.
  • the floating body is shown in the form of a boat 1 with a keel 2.
  • the floating body may be double-bottomed or provided with watertight bulkheads 1 so as to be unsinkable.
  • In the front part thereof it may be adapted at 3 for having towing means connected thereto.
  • the floating body serves as a magazine for a folded-up hose 5, the inner end of which is attached in the front part of the contrivance, where it opens into an outlet 4, which is made as a safety valve.
  • a coupling 6 which merges rearwardly into a pipe member 7 provided with a flange 8, or a quick coupling for being connected to a supply conduit for a highly liquid medium, such as foam of any of the types used for fireextinction.
  • a highly liquid medium such as foam of any of the types used for fireextinction.
  • the characteristic of such a foam is that it is a highly liquid material having gas bubbles entrapped therein.
  • Handles 10' are associated with the coupling, said handles permitting disconnection of the coupling from the floating body.
  • the outer end of the hose 5 opens into the pipe member 7 of the coupling and is secured therein.
  • hose On the lower side of the hose there may be provided a u Patented Jan. 24, 1961 keel-like appendage of fabric or the like with sinkers secured therein, said sinkers being adapted to keep the hose in a suitable position on the water surface.
  • the floating body with the folded-up hose in the magazine is carried down to the shore, or is taken out in a craft of any kind to the place of the spilled-out oil.
  • the pipe member 7 of the coupling is connected by means of the flange 8 to a supply conduit 9.
  • the coupling 6 is disconnected by means of the handles 10, so that the floating body becomes free, whereupon the floating body is let down in the desired place on the water.
  • Filling liquid for foam from the conduit 9 flows under pressure into the hose which is then unfolded from the rear portion of the floating body and is filled while the fore end of the hose remains secured in the floating body, which latter is moved forwardly during the filling of the hose.
  • the filling liquid When the hose is filled for the whole of its length, the filling liquid is forced out through the outlet 4 located in the front portion of the floating body, the ejected liquid thus indicating that the hose is entirely unfolded and filled.
  • the supply of the filling liquid may then be interrupted by the closure of a suitable valve in the inlet, whereupon the outlet is automatically closed.
  • Suitable means may be provided for the steering of the floating body during the launching thereof, so that the unfolded hose will ring in the region on the water surface where oil has been spilled out.
  • the steering may be effected by the floating body itself or by means of a line from a motorboat or row-boat.
  • the hose may also be laid out in another Way by the floating body with the hose magazine being placed in the stern of a craft such as a dinghy or row-boat.
  • the inlet portion of the hose is connected on the shore or in some other craft to a fire hose from a foam generator.
  • the boat is then rowed out to a suitable place, While the hose is being unfolded from the magazine and caused to float as a string behind the boat.
  • the floating body with its magazine is thrown into the water and anchored, preferably with the aid of a grapnel.
  • the foam generator may be started at a suitable time, so that the hose becomes filled as soon as it has been laid out.
  • a hose of a diameter of 12" may then be filled at a rate of about 20 m./min., whereby a hose of a length of in. may be filled in about 5 minutes.
  • the outlet 4, with which the hose communicates, may be used to deposit a protecting coating of foam on the water surface inside the hose to protect the latter should the oil catch fire.
  • the hose may be made from various materials such as neoprene-impregnated nylon fabric, a hose of a diameter of 12" and of a length of 100 m. and provided at both ends thereof with standard couplings of 63 mm. not then weighing more than 18 kg., while occupying in its folded-up state a space of 0.5 X 0.5 x 0.4 m.
  • the hose may also be made from a flame-resistive material such as a glass fibre fabric.
  • a suitable embodiment takes the form of a magazine for the hose with a foldable head wall and a removable cover.
  • the magazine is provided with a floating tank of suflicient buoyancy and with a connection for the supply of foam to the hose and with selective outlet openings for depositing a foam layer on the water surface.
  • a securing means for a grapnel with a line pertaining thereto is also provided.
  • the specific weight of the hose and the filling agent is adapted so that the unfolded hose will fioat at a suitable level, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, where the oil layer is designated by 14 and 15 denotes the water rface outside the region screened off by the hose.
  • a contrivance for laying out a floating barrier on a water surface comprising a fioating body formed as a magazine, a hosev folded up. in .said magazine to a. state of, readiness, one end of. said ho se being secured to said magazine, a coupling secured to the other end of said hose for connection to a source of foam constituted by a highly liquid material having stabilized gas bubbles entrapped; therein, and means detachably connecting said coupling to said magazine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Description

Jan. 24, 1961 A. E. WICKLANDER FLOATING BARRIER Filed March 22, 1955 INVENTOR. Wen/viola,
Pemz p United States Patent FLOATING BARRIER Anders Emanuel Wicklander, Strandvagen 6, Nynashamn, Sweden Filed Mar. 22, 1955, Ser. No. 495,842
Claims priority, application Sweden Mar. 26, 1954 '3 Claims. (Cl. 61-1) When oil is spilled or otherwise let out on the water in harbours, water-ways or in other places, endeavours are usually made to screen off or to confine it by means of booms or other floating barriers with a view to ringing in the oil to prevent its spreading and to facilitate collecting and utilization of the same.
The present invention has for its object a method to provide an improved contrivance for the purpose in view, that is to say a floating barrier, which is easily kept in readiness and permits of being quickly launched.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that a hose kept in a state of readiness is laid out on the Water surface, and is filled, in immediate connection thereto, with a highly liquid fluid, preferably foam, which keeps the hose floating on the water surface.
A contrivance for carrying out the method according to the invention is distinguished by a floating body and by a magazine connected thereto for a hose folded up into a state of readiness, said hose being provided with a connection for the supply of a highly liquid agent, preferably foam, through the pressing of which into the hose the latter is being filled.
The hose may be secured at one end thereof to the magazine with the floating body, while the other end thereof runs in an extensible manner out of the magazine. In its state of readiness, the outer end of the hose is preferably held secured to the magazine by means of a coupling device, which is disconnected when the contrivance is to be launched.
The invention will be explained more closely with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a diagrammatic representation of an example of embodiment. Fig. 1 shows the contrivance in longitudinal section, Whereas Figs. 2 and 3 show cross sections through the developed hose according to a couple of different embodiments.
In the drawing, the floating body is shown in the form of a boat 1 with a keel 2. The floating body may be double-bottomed or provided with watertight bulkheads 1 so as to be unsinkable. In the front part thereof it may be adapted at 3 for having towing means connected thereto. The floating body serves as a magazine for a folded-up hose 5, the inner end of which is attached in the front part of the contrivance, where it opens into an outlet 4, which is made as a safety valve. Located in the rear portion of the floating body is a coupling 6, which merges rearwardly into a pipe member 7 provided with a flange 8, or a quick coupling for being connected to a supply conduit for a highly liquid medium, such as foam of any of the types used for fireextinction. The characteristic of such a foam is that it is a highly liquid material having gas bubbles entrapped therein. Handles 10' are associated with the coupling, said handles permitting disconnection of the coupling from the floating body. The outer end of the hose 5 opens into the pipe member 7 of the coupling and is secured therein.
On the lower side of the hose there may be provided a u Patented Jan. 24, 1961 keel-like appendage of fabric or the like with sinkers secured therein, said sinkers being adapted to keep the hose in a suitable position on the water surface.
When the contrivance is used, the floating body with the folded-up hose in the magazine is carried down to the shore, or is taken out in a craft of any kind to the place of the spilled-out oil. The pipe member 7 of the coupling is connected by means of the flange 8 to a supply conduit 9. The coupling 6 is disconnected by means of the handles 10, so that the floating body becomes free, whereupon the floating body is let down in the desired place on the water. Filling liquid for foam from the conduit 9 flows under pressure into the hose which is then unfolded from the rear portion of the floating body and is filled while the fore end of the hose remains secured in the floating body, which latter is moved forwardly during the filling of the hose. When the hose is filled for the whole of its length, the filling liquid is forced out through the outlet 4 located in the front portion of the floating body, the ejected liquid thus indicating that the hose is entirely unfolded and filled. The supply of the filling liquid may then be interrupted by the closure of a suitable valve in the inlet, whereupon the outlet is automatically closed.
Suitable means may be provided for the steering of the floating body during the launching thereof, so that the unfolded hose will ring in the region on the water surface where oil has been spilled out. The steering may be effected by the floating body itself or by means of a line from a motorboat or row-boat.
The hose may also be laid out in another Way by the floating body with the hose magazine being placed in the stern of a craft such as a dinghy or row-boat. The inlet portion of the hose is connected on the shore or in some other craft to a fire hose from a foam generator. The boat is then rowed out to a suitable place, While the hose is being unfolded from the magazine and caused to float as a string behind the boat. When the whole hose has been laid out, the floating body with its magazine is thrown into the water and anchored, preferably with the aid of a grapnel. The foam generator may be started at a suitable time, so that the hose becomes filled as soon as it has been laid out. A hose of a diameter of 12" may then be filled at a rate of about 20 m./min., whereby a hose of a length of in. may be filled in about 5 minutes. The outlet 4, with which the hose communicates, may be used to deposit a protecting coating of foam on the water surface inside the hose to protect the latter should the oil catch fire.
The hose may be made from various materials such as neoprene-impregnated nylon fabric, a hose of a diameter of 12" and of a length of 100 m. and provided at both ends thereof with standard couplings of 63 mm. not then weighing more than 18 kg., while occupying in its folded-up state a space of 0.5 X 0.5 x 0.4 m. The hose may also be made from a flame-resistive material such as a glass fibre fabric.
In connection with the last-described laying-out method the floating body need not be made in. the form of a boat. Here, a suitable embodiment takes the form of a magazine for the hose with a foldable head wall and a removable cover. The magazine is provided with a floating tank of suflicient buoyancy and with a connection for the supply of foam to the hose and with selective outlet openings for depositing a foam layer on the water surface. A securing means for a grapnel with a line pertaining thereto is also provided.
The specific weight of the hose and the filling agent is adapted so that the unfolded hose will fioat at a suitable level, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, where the oil layer is designated by 14 and 15 denotes the water rface outside the region screened off by the hose.
What I claim is:
1. A contrivance for laying out a floating barrier on a water surface comprising a fioating body formed as a magazine, a hosev folded up. in .said magazine to a. state of, readiness, one end of. said ho se being secured to said magazine, a coupling secured to the other end of said hose for connection to a source of foam constituted by a highly liquid material having stabilized gas bubbles entrapped; therein, and means detachably connecting said coupling to said magazine.
2 A contrivance according to, claim 1, in which one or more outlets are provided ator. in the. proximity of that end of the hose which is secured to the magazine.
3'. A contrivance according to claim 1, in which an outlet in the form of a safety valve is provided at or in the proximityof that end of the hose which is secured to the magazine.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
US495842A 1954-03-26 1955-03-22 Floating barrier Expired - Lifetime US2968928A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237414A (en) * 1959-10-19 1966-03-01 Univ Minnesota Wave attenuating device and method of attenuating waves
US3321923A (en) * 1965-03-02 1967-05-30 Smith Steerable self-powered floating structures
US3369664A (en) * 1967-04-17 1968-02-20 Mobil Oil Corp Apparatus and process for confining floating liquid products
US3476246A (en) * 1967-12-22 1969-11-04 Mobil Oil Corp Apparatus and process for confining floating liquid products
US3494132A (en) * 1968-09-06 1970-02-10 Campbell F Logan Inflatable float boom
US3520413A (en) * 1966-02-23 1970-07-14 Separator Eng Ltd Separating baffle
US3538711A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-11-10 Fyens Saekkekompagni As Device for control and prevention of coast erosion
US3578171A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-05-11 David Usher Apparatus for removing floating pollutants
US3664504A (en) * 1970-09-09 1972-05-23 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for deploying a floatable barrier
US3699686A (en) * 1968-11-12 1972-10-24 Nicolon Nv Bottom and bank facing mattress
US3748264A (en) * 1970-09-16 1973-07-24 Megator Pumps Compressor Method and apparatus for removal of surface liquids
US4076624A (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-02-28 The B. F. Goodrich Company Self-deploying boom
US6139820A (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-10-31 Ultradent Products, Inc. Delivery system for dental agents

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1205033A (en) * 1915-06-26 1916-11-14 Benjamin W Seely Life-raft.
US1256398A (en) * 1917-09-05 1918-02-12 Wilson Vogel Sunken-vessel marker.
US1415351A (en) * 1920-04-12 1922-05-09 Standard Oil Co Prevention of evaporation of stored liquids
US1453918A (en) * 1922-05-03 1923-05-01 Alfred J Berg Means for salvaging vessels
US2240567A (en) * 1939-10-18 1941-05-06 Standard Oil Dev Co Cofferdam
US2366140A (en) * 1942-10-19 1944-12-26 Edward D Andrews Pressure tank
US2367141A (en) * 1944-02-14 1945-01-09 Rosenblum Nathan Hose rack
US2660194A (en) * 1952-08-09 1953-11-24 Us Rubber Co Expanded cellular plastic flotation body
US2682151A (en) * 1950-10-02 1954-06-29 Simpson James Murray Boom for confining material floating on water
US2684341A (en) * 1951-02-03 1954-07-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Alpha-chloroacrylic acid ester polymer foam
US2710978A (en) * 1952-06-28 1955-06-21 Knapp Monarch Co Apparatus for inflating life rafts
US2719752A (en) * 1953-03-26 1955-10-04 American Rubber Mfg Co Hose rack

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1205033A (en) * 1915-06-26 1916-11-14 Benjamin W Seely Life-raft.
US1256398A (en) * 1917-09-05 1918-02-12 Wilson Vogel Sunken-vessel marker.
US1415351A (en) * 1920-04-12 1922-05-09 Standard Oil Co Prevention of evaporation of stored liquids
US1453918A (en) * 1922-05-03 1923-05-01 Alfred J Berg Means for salvaging vessels
US2240567A (en) * 1939-10-18 1941-05-06 Standard Oil Dev Co Cofferdam
US2366140A (en) * 1942-10-19 1944-12-26 Edward D Andrews Pressure tank
US2367141A (en) * 1944-02-14 1945-01-09 Rosenblum Nathan Hose rack
US2682151A (en) * 1950-10-02 1954-06-29 Simpson James Murray Boom for confining material floating on water
US2684341A (en) * 1951-02-03 1954-07-20 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Alpha-chloroacrylic acid ester polymer foam
US2710978A (en) * 1952-06-28 1955-06-21 Knapp Monarch Co Apparatus for inflating life rafts
US2660194A (en) * 1952-08-09 1953-11-24 Us Rubber Co Expanded cellular plastic flotation body
US2719752A (en) * 1953-03-26 1955-10-04 American Rubber Mfg Co Hose rack

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237414A (en) * 1959-10-19 1966-03-01 Univ Minnesota Wave attenuating device and method of attenuating waves
US3321923A (en) * 1965-03-02 1967-05-30 Smith Steerable self-powered floating structures
US3520413A (en) * 1966-02-23 1970-07-14 Separator Eng Ltd Separating baffle
US3538711A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-11-10 Fyens Saekkekompagni As Device for control and prevention of coast erosion
US3369664A (en) * 1967-04-17 1968-02-20 Mobil Oil Corp Apparatus and process for confining floating liquid products
US3476246A (en) * 1967-12-22 1969-11-04 Mobil Oil Corp Apparatus and process for confining floating liquid products
US3494132A (en) * 1968-09-06 1970-02-10 Campbell F Logan Inflatable float boom
US3699686A (en) * 1968-11-12 1972-10-24 Nicolon Nv Bottom and bank facing mattress
US3578171A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-05-11 David Usher Apparatus for removing floating pollutants
US3664504A (en) * 1970-09-09 1972-05-23 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for deploying a floatable barrier
US3748264A (en) * 1970-09-16 1973-07-24 Megator Pumps Compressor Method and apparatus for removal of surface liquids
US4076624A (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-02-28 The B. F. Goodrich Company Self-deploying boom
US6139820A (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-10-31 Ultradent Products, Inc. Delivery system for dental agents

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