US2951222A - Bends for circular wave guides - Google Patents

Bends for circular wave guides Download PDF

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Publication number
US2951222A
US2951222A US777874A US77787458A US2951222A US 2951222 A US2951222 A US 2951222A US 777874 A US777874 A US 777874A US 77787458 A US77787458 A US 77787458A US 2951222 A US2951222 A US 2951222A
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Prior art keywords
bend
prisms
axis
circular
bends
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Expired - Lifetime
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US777874A
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English (en)
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Marie Georges Robert Pierre
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/02—Bends; Corners; Twists

Definitions

  • the bends according to the invention preferably consist of metal elements in the form of rectangular toroidal segments.
  • the elements are in the shape of a wedge in cross-section substantially square and will hereinafter be referred to as segmental metal elements.
  • the bends comprise: segmental metal elements having two converging plane surfaces forming a first angle between them and pierced with a circular aperture forming a section of the guide; dielectric prisms introduced between two segmental metal elements and having plane surfaces forming between them a second angle; and means for securing a number of such elements and prisms relatively to one another.
  • the angle of said prisms is without effect on the direction of wave propagation and is, for instance, equal to the angle between the surfaces of a segmental metal element, while the apparent permittivity and therefore the apparent refractive index of each prism vary from place to place therein in such manner that the phase wave length in the bend at any part thereof is proportional to the radius of the bend at such part.
  • This is effected by providing the plane surfaces of said prisms with grooves of suitable size, shape and arrangement.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a segmental metal element
  • Figures 2 and 3 are a view in longitudinal section and a view in cross-section, respectively, of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams of the construction of the bend illustrated in Figures 2 and 3.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a segmental metal element 1 of a bend of a circular wave guide.
  • the element 1 is in the shape of a prism or wedge without any edge.
  • the plane surfaces 2, 3 converge along an imaginary edge 25 at a reduced angle 3, for instance, of the order of 5 or less.
  • Each element 1 is pierced with a circular aperture 4, the axis 5 of which is perpendicular to the plane 6 bisecting the dihedron formed by the surfaces 2, 3.
  • the internal wall of the guide is formed by the inner walls of the apertures 4 of consecutive elements.
  • the four corners of the element 1 are pierced with transverse apertures 7, 8, 7', 8' which extend parallel with the axis 5 and which are adapted to receive arcuate metal rods such as 10, 11.
  • the elements 1 are clamped on the rods 10, 11 by clamping screws 9, and against one another by nuts 12, which bear against flanges 13 of straight sections 14 of the waveguide at each end of the bend.
  • the method of securing the prisms between the metal elements will be explained later on, in connection with Fig. 2.
  • Such loss is mainly caused by parasitic waves produced by reflections on the surfaces of the prisms 20 within the bend.
  • the power associated with these higher modes is radiated outside the waveguide, for the higher modes are associated with longitudinal currents which can travel out of the bend in the dielectric-filled spaces between the segmental metal elements.
  • the apparent refractive index of the dielectric prisms varies with the distance from a point on the prism to the axis of the annulus.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 three segmental metal elements 27, 28 and 29 similar to those illustrated in Figure 1 are assembled by means of rods 30 which extend through apertures 31 and are provided with clamping nuts 32.
  • Two variable-refractive-index dielectric prisms 33 and 34 have an apex angle equal to the apex angle of the segmental metal elements.
  • the prisms 33 and 34 are shown as being slightly spaced apart but when the nuts 32 are tightened they engage by way of their surfaces 48 and 48'.
  • the prisms 33 and 34 are formed with grooves 35, 36 and 37 of a shape to be described hereinafter, annular cylindrical projections 41 to 43 being left therebetween.
  • the grooves are of a depth such that a solid wall 49 is left in the plane bisecting each prism.
  • each prism is formed by a thin plate 38 engageable between two consecutive segmental metal elements.
  • the rods 30 extend through apertures 39 in the fixing plates 38.
  • the prisms 33 and 34 are made, for instance, of moulded polyethylene.
  • the grooves 35 to 37 and the cylindrical projections 41 to 43 have a general substantially circular shape but in actual fact their shape is complex, since their thicknesses vary and the bounding lateral walls are not coaxial.
  • the wall 49 is situated in a plane passing through the axis of revolution of the annulus, a part of which forms the bend according to the invention.
  • axis Ox is perpendicular to the axis of the annulus.
  • the axis Oy perpendicular to Ox is parallel with the axis of the annulus.
  • a third axis Oz is perpendicular to the cross-section of the bent circular guide--i.e. tangential to the center line 45 of the bend ( Figure 2)--and forms a trirectangular trihedron with the axes Ox and Oy.
  • the axis Ox is the common axis of symmetry of all the grooves 35 to 37 and projections 41 to 43.
  • R the radius of curvature of the bend-Le. the radius of the circle formed by the center line 45.
  • R will be called the mean radius" of the ring of order k.
  • p will be called the mean thickness" of the rings and is independent of k.
  • the mean radius of the ring is found from the formula:
  • the points 0 and O: are on the x axis and have as abscissae e and e respectively.
  • the thickness of the ring of order k in de pendence upon the azimuth is found from the formula:
  • the diameter D is predetermined; the radius R is made fairly large to exclude non-linear x/R terms.
  • the prismatic shape of the dielectric system illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 is such that the boundary planes 48 and 48 of two consecutive prisms 33 and 34 are contiguous; in other words, the rings of the same mean diameter of two consecutive systems engage with one another.
  • the thickness p of the third ring on the x axis is 0.5 mm.
  • a low loss bend for a circular wave guide propagating a 'I'E wave comprising a length of circular crosssection metallic wave guide the axis of which is bent with a given radius and a plurality of wedge-shaped prisms of dielectric material mounted inside said guide length and having two converging plane faces substantially perpendicular to said bent axis, wherein at least part of said prisms have their converging plane faces provided with grooves of progressively varying width and depth from the inside towards the outside of said bend, said grooves provided on said faces being so shaped as to permit said TE wave to propagate around said bend with no substantial distortion.
  • said guide length is made of spaced metal elements having the shape of rectangular toroidal segments and having two converging plane faces which form an angle, each one of said elements being provided with a circular aperture.

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  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
US777874A 1957-12-19 1958-12-03 Bends for circular wave guides Expired - Lifetime US2951222A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1190730T 1957-12-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2951222A true US2951222A (en) 1960-08-30

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ID=9666451

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US777874A Expired - Lifetime US2951222A (en) 1957-12-19 1958-12-03 Bends for circular wave guides

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2951222A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1068321B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1190730A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB857889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304542A (en) * 1963-09-06 1967-02-14 Honeywell Inc Special code tape reading system
US4158825A (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-06-19 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Waveguide expansion joint
US20090107541A1 (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Linke Edward J Concentrated Solar Photovoltaic Module
US20160109211A1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Raytheon Company Multisegmented toroidal magnetic field projector

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3050207C1 (de) * 1979-03-23 1985-04-04 Nippondenso Co., Ltd., Kariya, Aichi Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Wicklung aus waermebestaendigem,isoliertem elektrischem Leitungsdraht sowie Verfahren zum Anschliessen eines solchen Leitungsdrahtes
US5141477A (en) * 1991-03-18 1992-08-25 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Planetary gear drive with intermeshing planet pinions in multistage automatic transmission

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2129712A (en) * 1933-12-09 1938-09-13 American Telephone & Telegraph Transmission of energy effects by guided electric waves in a dielectric medium
US2596251A (en) * 1948-10-01 1952-05-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide lens system
US2779006A (en) * 1949-12-02 1957-01-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spurious mode suppressing wave guides
US2785397A (en) * 1946-03-19 1957-03-12 Rca Corp Annular lens antenna

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2129712A (en) * 1933-12-09 1938-09-13 American Telephone & Telegraph Transmission of energy effects by guided electric waves in a dielectric medium
US2785397A (en) * 1946-03-19 1957-03-12 Rca Corp Annular lens antenna
US2596251A (en) * 1948-10-01 1952-05-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave guide lens system
US2779006A (en) * 1949-12-02 1957-01-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spurious mode suppressing wave guides

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304542A (en) * 1963-09-06 1967-02-14 Honeywell Inc Special code tape reading system
US4158825A (en) * 1977-12-29 1979-06-19 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Waveguide expansion joint
US20090107541A1 (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Linke Edward J Concentrated Solar Photovoltaic Module
US7807920B2 (en) * 2007-10-30 2010-10-05 Opel, Inc. Concentrated solar photovoltaic module
US20160109211A1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Raytheon Company Multisegmented toroidal magnetic field projector
US9500446B2 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-11-22 Raytheon Company Multisegmented toroidal magnetic field projector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB857889A (en) 1961-01-04
DE1068321B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1959-11-05
FR1190730A (fr) 1959-10-14

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