US294248A

US294248A - mointyee

Info

Publication number: US294248A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1884-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 1901-02-26

Description

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

J. M. MGINTYRE.

METHOD 0]? AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARAT'ING DUST FROM AIR.

No. 294,248. Patented Feb. 26, 1884.

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' J. M. McINTYRE. I

METHOD 0E AND APPARATUS FOR SBPARATING DUST "30m AIR. No. 294,248. Patented Feb. 26, 1884.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet; 3.

J. M. MOINTYRE. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST FRUM AIR. No. 294,248. Patented Feb.Z'6, 1884.

UNITED STATES JOHN M. MCINTY RE, OF

PATENT OFFICE.

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METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING DUST FROM AIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,248, dated February 26, 1684.

- Application filed July 5,1883. (No model.)

' machines from the'dust or solid particles which it contains. In dust-collectors as ordinarily constructed the dust-laden air is sifted or strained through a cloth, which intercepts the dust and permits the air to pass through. These filter-cloths are an obstruction in the air-passage, whereby the air-current is retarded, necessitating a proportionate greater speed of the fan in order to cfi'ect the desired separation on the purifier-sieve. The resistance which the filter-cloth opposes to the air-current increases as the meshes of the cloth become filled with dust, and decreases as the meshes are cleared by the jarring devices or brushes with which dust-collectors are usn all y provided, so that this resistance is variable, causing corresponding variations in the force of the air-current and an unequal purification.

The object of my invention is to overcome these difliculties by separating the d nst from the air without the use of filtereloths; and my invention consists in the method and apparatus whereby the dust is separated from the air by centrifugal force acting upon the dust par tieles in such manner as to drive them'ont of the air-current into acolleeting-chamber, while the air is permitted to move on, as will be hereinaiter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, consisti g .of three sheets, Figure l is an end elevation, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of my improved dust-collector. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is a cross-section in line .I: .r, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on an enlarged scale of aportion of the dust-collecting case. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the trapped dust-discharge. Fig. 7 is a cross-section in line :0 :r, Fig. 6.

Figs. 8 and 9 are cross-seetions in line 3/ Fig. 6, showing the different positions of the valve.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the centrifugal dust-separator, and a the spout or conduit through which the dust-laden air is conducted from the middlingspurifier or other machine to the separator.

11 represents the horizontal shaft of the separator turning in bearings I), and provided with a driving-pulley, B.

0 represents the wings or heaters of the separator fastened to the outer side of a. dished head or disk, D, which is secured to the shaft 1).

E represents a chamber, arranged opposite the receiving ends 0 of the heaters G, and cornmunicating with the spout a, so as to conduct the dust-laden air between the inner or receiving ends 0 of the heaters. The latter extend outwardly and forwardly the head D, and are provided with a curved shield or hood, F, which incloses the spaces 0 to a point near the outer horizontal edges of the heaters, whereby the air which is drawn between the heaters is compelled to moveonward in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 3 and prevented from being blown backward into the chamber E.

G represents the dustcollecting chamber which surrounds the revolving heaters G; The inner wall of this chamber is formed by a perforated cylindrical shell, 9, arranged in close proximity to the outer edges of the beaters. The upper portion of the outer wall of the chamber G is made concentric with the perforated. shell g, and its lower part has the form of a hopper, as shown at g, and is provided at its bottom with a conveyor-trough, H, and a screw-eonveyer, h, whereby the dust falling into the hopper is removed. The perforations in the shell g are preferably made in the form of horizontal slots i, having their rear edges projecting inwardly beyond the in ner surface of the shell 9, as shown in Fig. 5, to facilitate the entrance of the dustjnto the openings. The trough H is provided with a trapped discharge, whereby the dust is delive-red from .the chamber G without permitting the air to escape with it. This trapped on the outer side 'of between the heaters from their receiving ends discharge is preferably constructed in the following manner:

j represents the partition arranged in the conveyertrough I- I, near its discharge end; and

k is an opening formed in the lower portion ing alongthe outer side of the hood. The wall '60 tated from the shaft b.

of the partition for the discharge of the mate rial from the trough proper into the space between the partition j and the end wall, j, of the conveyer-trough.

L represents a rotating hollow cylindrical valve secured to the shaft hof the conveyer 11, between the partitions j and 7". The inner wall of the valve L is provided with an opening, I, on one side of the shaft h, which is adapted to register with the opening is in the partition j once in every revolution of the valve. The periphery of the valve L is constructed with an opening, m, which is adapted to register with an opening, n, formed in the bottom of the space between the partitions j and j. The opening m is arranged diametrically opposite the open: ing 1, or so that the coincidence between the openings m and n is broken when the openings k and I register, and vice versa, so that the 5 opening. n is closed by the cylindrical wall of the valve L when theconveyer discharges the material through the openings k and Z into the cavity. of the valve. cred into the valve is permitted to escape from the same through the openings m and n, when the opening it is closed by the inner head of the valve Lyand ,by this meanstheescape'of air through the dust-discharge is prevented and air-currents in the chamber G are avoided. O and 0 represent the end walls of the chamberG. The wall 0 is provided with an opening, 0, through which the dust-laden air enters from the chamber E into the space between the receiving ends of the heaters O. The hood. F fits snugly in this opening to prevent, as far. as practicable, the air from pass- 0 is provided with anopening, O, through which theair which has been freed from dust escapes from the separator A. V

P represents a suction-fan mounted on the shaft b,- andarranged in a casing, p, contiguous to the wall 0, the opening 0 in said wallforming the eye of the fan-case p. The fan]? draws the air from the separator A and discharges the same throughits blast-spout'g. If the air escapingfromthe spout contains traces of dust, it may be discharged into an ordinary dust-room of sufficient size to permit the dust to settle, while the air escapes freely. I p

1' represents an endless belt running around pulleys r. r, mounted, respectively, on the shafts b and h, whereby the conveyer h is ro- If desired, the fan P may be mounted on a separate shaft and driven with greater or less speed than the separator A.

The dust-laden air enters from the chamber E'between the receiving ends of-the heaters O, and is driven by the latter outwardly and The material so deliv-.

forwardly in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 3. The centrifugal action of the heaters 0 drives the dust against the surrounding perforated casing g. The air is prevented from entering said casing, as the latter is not prosurface of the casing g in the direction of the arrow.in Fig. 5. The dust is in this manner, separated from the air bythe centrifugal action of the heaters, which drive the dust out of the air-current which moves through the separator A, between the head D and hood F, while the air which has been freed from dust is permitted to move on toward the fan P.-

The separator A accelerates the movement of the air through the machine, instead of retarding it like ordinary dust-collectors, which operate by filtering or straining the air through cloths, and asthe operation of the separator A is uniform at all times, it insures the uniform and regular operation of the purifying machines with which it is connected. When the centrifugal separator is suflicient to create the desired air-current, theauxiliary fan may beomitted'.

I claim as mycinvention- 1. The herein-described method of separating dust from air, which consists in driving the dust particles out of the air-current by centrifugal force into a closed receiving-chamber, while the air which has been freed from dust is permitted to escape in a different direction, substantially as set forth,

2. In a machine for separating dust from air, the combination of revolving heaters, and a closed receiving-chamber having an inner perforated .wall surrounding said heaters, and inlet and outlet openings through which the dustladen air is conducted to the heaters, and the purified air is permitted to escape therefrom, substantially as set forth.

. 3. Ina machine for separating dust from air, the combination of revolving heaters, and a closed receiving-chamber having an inner perforated wall surrounding said heaters, and inlet and outlet openings through which the dustladen air is conducted to the heaters, and the purified air is permitted to escape therefrom, and a trapped discharge device','whereby the dust is removed from the closed chamber without permitting the airto escape therefrom, subs'tantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for separating dust from air, the combination of revolving heaters, and a closed receiving-chamber having an inner perforated wall surrounding said heaters, and in- 6. The combination, with thechamber G, let and outlet openings through which the dusthaving an inner perforated wall; 9, of revolvladen air is conducted to the heaters, and the ing heaters 0, ahead, D, to which the heaters 15 purified. air is permitted to escape therefrom, are secured and, a hood, F, by which the spaces 5 and an auxiliary fan, whereby the air is caused between the receiving portions of the heaters to flow through-the separator, substantially as are closed, substantially as set forth. set forth.

5. In a machine for separating dust from. air, JOHN M. MGINTYRE. the combination of revolving heaters with a 7 to. closed receiving-chamber having its inner wall Witnesses:

constructed with openings having inwardly- JNO. J. BONNER, projectingrear edges,snbstantiallyassetforth. W. J. GOLD.