US2938255A - Casting of reinforced concrete beams - Google Patents

Casting of reinforced concrete beams Download PDF

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US2938255A
US2938255A US684978A US68497857A US2938255A US 2938255 A US2938255 A US 2938255A US 684978 A US684978 A US 684978A US 68497857 A US68497857 A US 68497857A US 2938255 A US2938255 A US 2938255A
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frame
carriage means
concrete
carriage
vibration
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US684978A
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Oakden Richard Ralph
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RICHARD LEES Ltd
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RICHARD LEES Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/06—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed for the production of elongated articles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production, by a substantially continuous process, of reinforced concrete beams, the object of the invention being to speed up the process.
  • I provide automatic means for controlling in alternation the operations of feeding and of consolidating the concrete by vibration and the movement of the moulding section.
  • the concrete is consolidated by vibration, the concrete being of a no slump or relatively dry type which will stand before the cement sets, due to the low water-cement ratio. Whilst vibration proceeds, the concrete is plastic and the mould in which the beam is cast cannot be moved without dragging the concrete with it. I therefore control the periods of vibration and mould movement so thatthe mould is stationary during periods of vibration, and vibration is stopped during movement of the mould.
  • the or some of the cores may be vibrated where they extend into the concrete and there are flexible extensions of the cores, such as inflated rubber tubes, which are attached to the cores to prevent any collapse of the beam immediately behind the cores as they are withdrawn from the beam section which has been cast and vibrated.
  • the side walls of the mould may be vibrated. When the side walls of the mould are vibrated, they are extended with a rubber form to support the concrete beam for a sufiicient length to isolate the part already cast from the vibration.
  • the controls may be electrical and regulate motors operating the vibrator and the mould movements.
  • Figures 1 to 4 are side views of a machine for casting three beams at once in accordance with the invention, the various carriages being shown in a sequence of positions.
  • Figure is a cross-sectional view and Figure 6 shows the means of operation of the vibrators.
  • the machine shown comprises a frame 1 carried on a gantry (not shown) which runs on rails arranged either side of the beams to be cast. Carried on the frame are two horizontal rods 2 from which are slidably supported three carriages. One of the carriages comprises a hopper 3 having an upper pneumatic cylinder 4 and lower pneumatic cylinder 5 on either side. The pistons of the cylinders 4 are connected via rods 6 to a carriage 20 which supports two tubes 7 '(see Figure 5) out of three which provide passages in each beam to reduce the weight, and are vibrated by out of balance weights.
  • the pistons in the lower cylinders 5 are connected via rods 8 to a carriage 21 which supports the sides 9 of the moulds and the tubes 10 for the central weight-reducing passage.
  • Switch 11 also initiates two other operations, namely (1) the movement (to the left in the drawings) of the gantry and frame 1 leaving the various carriages behind and (II) the vibrating action which is produced by rotation of an eccentric weight 13 (see Figure 6) in each of the tubes 7 and 10.
  • the weight 13 is carried at the end of a journalled shaft 14 having a pulley 15 which is belt driven.
  • vibration of the concrete takes place whilst the mould and tubes are stationary but the frame 1 is moving forward, the vibration and the frame movement being stopped when a stop switch 17 carried by frame 1 contacts projection 12;. in Figure 2.
  • a-projection '18 on the carriage 20 operates a pneumatic switch This position is shown 19 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the two upper cylinders 4 so that carriage 20 moves forward on slide rods 2 taking tubes 7 with it.
  • projection 18 contacts another pneumatic switch 22 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the two lower cylinders 5 so that carriage 20 moves forward on slide rods 2 taking tubes 10 and the mould sides 9 with it.
  • a member 23 of carriage 21 contacts a pneumatic switch 24 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the other sides of the pistons in both the cylinders 4 and the cylinders 5 so that the carriage comprising the hopper 3 and the cylinders is drawn forward ready to receive a further charge of concrete.
  • This sequence of movements of the frame and various carriages continues until the desired length of the three side-by-side beams is cast.
  • the beams After the beams have set sufiiciently to handle they are cut into shorter lengths using a diamond abrasive cutting wheel.
  • a frame adapted to be carried by a gantry over a desired run of the beams, a first carriage means supported by said frame for movement relative to the frame, a mold carried by said first carriage means, a first set of passage-forming tubes attached to said first carriage means located within said mold, a second carriage means supported by said frame on one side of said first carriage means for movement relative to said frame and first carriage means, a second set of passage-forming tubes secured to said second carriage means extending into said mold, a third carriage means supported by said frame on the opposite side of said first carriage means for movement relative to the frame and said first and second carriage means, hopper means carried by said third carriage means for supplying Patented May .31, 1960.
  • a frame adapted to be carried by a gantry over a desired run of the beams, a first carriage means supported by said frame for-movement relative to the frame, aymold carried by said first carriage means, a first set of passage-forming tubes at tached to said first carriage means located within said mold, a second carriagemeans supported'by said frame on one side of said first carriage means for movement relative to said frame and first carriage means, a second set of passage-forming tubes secured to said second carriage means extending into said mold, a third carriage means supported by said frame on the opposite side of said first carriage means for movement relative to the frame and said first and second carriage means, hopper means carried by said third carriage means for supplying concrete to said mold, upper and lower sets of pneumatic cylinder and piston assemblies carried by said third carriage means, the pistons of one of said sets being operably connected to said first carriage means and operative to move said first carriage means relative to the frame for advancing the mold and first set of

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Description

31, 1960 R. R. OAKDEN 2,938,255
CASTING 0F REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS Filed Sept. 19, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 31, 1960 R. R. OAKDEN CASTING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 19, 1957 United States ..Pat ent CASTING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS Richard Ralph Oakden, Ashhourne, England, assignor of one-half to Richard Lees Limited, a British company, Wingates, Westhoughton, Lancashire, England Filed Sept. 19, 1957, Ser. No. 684,978
Claims priority, application Great Britain Sept. 25, 1956 2 Claims. (Cl. 25-41) This invention relates to the production, by a substantially continuous process, of reinforced concrete beams, the object of the invention being to speed up the process.
In accordance with the invention, I provide automatic means for controlling in alternation the operations of feeding and of consolidating the concrete by vibration and the movement of the moulding section.
In one convenient application of the invention the concrete is consolidated by vibration, the concrete being of a no slump or relatively dry type which will stand before the cement sets, due to the low water-cement ratio. Whilst vibration proceeds, the concrete is plastic and the mould in which the beam is cast cannot be moved without dragging the concrete with it. I therefore control the periods of vibration and mould movement so thatthe mould is stationary during periods of vibration, and vibration is stopped during movement of the mould.
Where a beam has longitudinal passages formed therein to reduce weight, the or some of the cores may be vibrated where they extend into the concrete and there are flexible extensions of the cores, such as inflated rubber tubes, which are attached to the cores to prevent any collapse of the beam immediately behind the cores as they are withdrawn from the beam section which has been cast and vibrated. If desired the side walls of the mould may be vibrated. When the side walls of the mould are vibrated, they are extended with a rubber form to support the concrete beam for a sufiicient length to isolate the part already cast from the vibration.
By controlling and alternating the periods of vibration and mould advance, we are enabled to speed up production. The controls may be electrical and regulate motors operating the vibrator and the mould movements.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
Figures 1 to 4 are side views of a machine for casting three beams at once in accordance with the invention, the various carriages being shown in a sequence of positions.
Figure is a cross-sectional view and Figure 6 shows the means of operation of the vibrators.
The machine shown comprises a frame 1 carried on a gantry (not shown) which runs on rails arranged either side of the beams to be cast. Carried on the frame are two horizontal rods 2 from which are slidably supported three carriages. One of the carriages comprises a hopper 3 having an upper pneumatic cylinder 4 and lower pneumatic cylinder 5 on either side. The pistons of the cylinders 4 are connected via rods 6 to a carriage 20 which supports two tubes 7 '(see Figure 5) out of three which provide passages in each beam to reduce the weight, and are vibrated by out of balance weights.
The pistons in the lower cylinders 5 are connected via rods 8 to a carriage 21 which supports the sides 9 of the moulds and the tubes 10 for the central weight-reducing passage.
In the casting of pre-stressed concrete beams a plurality of wires are stretched to the desired tension along 5 which will stand up before the cement sets due, to thethe run of the beams and the gantry is positioned at one end, the various carriages being arranged as shown in Figure 1. A large hopper '(not shown) carried above frame 1 is filled with no-slump or relatively dry concrete low water-cement ratio. By means of a paddle wheel to the large hopper a predetermined quantity of concrete is discharged into hopper 3 for each quarter turn of the paddle the operation of which is initialled by a switchl'l mounted on frame 1 and actuated by a projection 12 on hopper 3. The paddle automatically stops after each quarter turn. Hopper 3 guides the concrete so that it covers the immediate area to be cast.
Switch 11 also initiates two other operations, namely (1) the movement (to the left in the drawings) of the gantry and frame 1 leaving the various carriages behind and (II) the vibrating action which is produced by rotation of an eccentric weight 13 (see Figure 6) in each of the tubes 7 and 10. The weight 13 is carried at the end of a journalled shaft 14 having a pulley 15 which is belt driven. To prevent collapse of the passage when the tubes are withdrawn they are each provided with a fiexi ble extension 16. Thus vibration of the concrete takes place whilst the mould and tubes are stationary but the frame 1 is moving forward, the vibration and the frame movement being stopped when a stop switch 17 carried by frame 1 contacts projection 12;. in Figure 2.
At the same time as stop switch 17 is operated, a-projection '18 on the carriage 20 operates a pneumatic switch This position is shown 19 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the two upper cylinders 4 so that carriage 20 moves forward on slide rods 2 taking tubes 7 with it. At the end of the stroke, as shown in Figure 3, projection 18 contacts another pneumatic switch 22 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the two lower cylinders 5 so that carriage 20 moves forward on slide rods 2 taking tubes 10 and the mould sides 9 with it. At the end of the stroke, as shown in Figure 4, a member 23 of carriage 21 contacts a pneumatic switch 24 which causes compressed air to be admitted to the other sides of the pistons in both the cylinders 4 and the cylinders 5 so that the carriage comprising the hopper 3 and the cylinders is drawn forward ready to receive a further charge of concrete. This sequence of movements of the frame and various carriages continues until the desired length of the three side-by-side beams is cast.
It is to be noted that the vibration is applied only when the carriages carrying the mould sides and the tubes are stationary, i.e. when frame 1 is moving forward. A transversely operating screeding board 25 is carried on frame 1 and operates as the frame is moving.
After the beams have set sufiiciently to handle they are cut into shorter lengths using a diamond abrasive cutting wheel.
' What I claim is:
1. In a machine for producing concrete beams having weight reducing passages therein, a frame adapted to be carried by a gantry over a desired run of the beams, a first carriage means supported by said frame for movement relative to the frame, a mold carried by said first carriage means, a first set of passage-forming tubes attached to said first carriage means located within said mold, a second carriage means supported by said frame on one side of said first carriage means for movement relative to said frame and first carriage means, a second set of passage-forming tubes secured to said second carriage means extending into said mold, a third carriage means supported by said frame on the opposite side of said first carriage means for movement relative to the frame and said first and second carriage means, hopper means carried by said third carriage means for supplying Patented May .31, 1960.
concrete to said mold, upper and lower sets of fluid pressure operated cylinder and piston assemblies carried by said third carriage means, the pistons of one of said sets being operably connected to said first carriage means and operative to move said first carriage means relative to the, frame for advancing the moldand first set of passageforming tubes along the desired run, the'pistons of the other of said sets of cylinder and piston assemblies being operably connnected to said second carriage means for moving said second carriage means relative to the frame for advancing the second set of passage-forming tubes along the desiredrun, both of said sets of cylinder and piston assemblies cooperating to move said third carriage means relative to said frame for advancing the hopper along the desired run, vibratory means mounted in at least one of said sets of passage-forming tubes operative upon vibration to consolidate the concrete in the mold, and switch means operablyassociated with each of said carriage means and operable according to the positions of said carriage means relative to said frame for controlling said vibratory means and the supply of fluid pressure to said cylinder and piston assemblies for sequentially advancing the carriage means and rendering operativethe vibratory means so that vno vibration is applied to the concrete in the mold when any of the carriage means is moved relative to the frame.
2. In a machine for producing concrete beams having weight reducing passages therein, a frame adapted to be carried by a gantry over a desired run of the beams, a first carriage means supported by said frame for-movement relative to the frame, aymold carried by said first carriage means, a first set of passage-forming tubes at tached to said first carriage means located within said mold, a second carriagemeans supported'by said frame on one side of said first carriage means for movement relative to said frame and first carriage means, a second set of passage-forming tubes secured to said second carriage means extending into said mold, a third carriage means supported by said frame on the opposite side of said first carriage means for movement relative to the frame and said first and second carriage means, hopper means carried by said third carriage means for supplying concrete to said mold, upper and lower sets of pneumatic cylinder and piston assemblies carried by said third carriage means, the pistons of one of said sets being operably connected to said first carriage means and operative to move said first carriage means relative to the frame for advancing the mold and first set of passage-forming tubes along the desiredrun, the pistons of the other of said sets of cylinder and piston assemblies being operably connected to said second-carriage means for moving said second carriage means relative to the frame for advancing the second set of passage-forming tubes along the desired run, both of said sets of cylinder and piston assemblies cooperating to move said third carriage means relative to said frame for advancing the hopper along the desired run, vibratory means mounted in at least one of saidsets of passage-forming tubes operative upon vibration to consolidate the concrete in the mold, and switch means operably associated with each of said carriage means and operable according to the positions of said carriage means relative to said frame for controlling said vibratory means and the supply of air pressure to said cylinder and piston assemblies for sequentially advancing the carriage means and rendering operative the vibratory means so that no vibration is applied. to the concrete in the mold when any of the carriage means is moved relative to the frame.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS
US684978A 1956-09-25 1957-09-19 Casting of reinforced concrete beams Expired - Lifetime US2938255A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143782A (en) * 1962-11-01 1964-08-11 Kalns Arvid Concrete slab forming machine
US3143781A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-08-11 Kalns Arvids Concrete slab forming machine
US3159897A (en) * 1961-07-10 1964-12-08 Fredrick G Ellis Machine for extruding hollow cored concrete sections
US3176371A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-04-06 Lee H Patchen Concrete vibrator and former
US3177552A (en) * 1962-10-18 1965-04-13 Roth Concrete making machine
US3181222A (en) * 1962-09-27 1965-05-04 Percy W Palmer Machine for manufacture of prestressed concrete conduit
US3200177A (en) * 1963-04-04 1965-08-10 Clarence Riegel Method of forming concrete articles and slip forming machine therefor
US3276092A (en) * 1962-07-30 1966-10-04 Peter Kiewit Sons Inc Apparatus for casting hollow reinforced and pre-stressed members
US3284867A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-11-15 Spiroll Corp Ltd Machines for forming hollow cored concrete products
US3401438A (en) * 1963-09-30 1968-09-17 Houdaille Industries Inc Apparatus for manufacturing pretensioned concrete slabs
US3877860A (en) * 1969-12-04 1975-04-15 Dyform Concrete Prestressed Lt Extrusion machine for making articles of cement-like material
WO2010079416A1 (en) 2009-01-08 2010-07-15 Frischknecht, Harry Reinforced load bearing structure

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US938223A (en) * 1908-09-03 1909-10-26 Robert F Dockery Machine for making continuous pipes.
US1422150A (en) * 1920-08-19 1922-07-11 Daniel N Trullinger Apparatus for forming concrete pipes
US1600696A (en) * 1925-07-17 1926-09-21 Thomas E Murray Molding conduits
US1674445A (en) * 1925-07-11 1928-06-19 Thomas E Murray Molding conduits
US1707446A (en) * 1927-08-06 1929-04-02 Murray Conduit-building apparatus
US1920716A (en) * 1933-08-01 Concrete and like block making
FR818955A (en) * 1937-03-09 1937-10-07 Method and device for the in situ establishment of vibrated concrete constructions
US2225015A (en) * 1937-02-19 1940-12-17 Procedes Tech Const Method and means for producing concrete structures
US2356852A (en) * 1942-01-28 1944-08-29 George W Hutchinson Method and apparatus for making concrete pipe
GB713256A (en) * 1951-04-09 1954-08-11 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to apparatus and methods for constructing underground concretepipes or land drains in situ
US2717435A (en) * 1950-12-06 1955-09-13 Listone Concrete Company Ltd Machine for moulding pipes, tubes, and the like from cementitious mixes
US2731698A (en) * 1950-12-05 1956-01-24 No Joint Concrete Pipe Company Apparatus for forming concrete pipe in situ

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1920716A (en) * 1933-08-01 Concrete and like block making
US938223A (en) * 1908-09-03 1909-10-26 Robert F Dockery Machine for making continuous pipes.
US1422150A (en) * 1920-08-19 1922-07-11 Daniel N Trullinger Apparatus for forming concrete pipes
US1674445A (en) * 1925-07-11 1928-06-19 Thomas E Murray Molding conduits
US1600696A (en) * 1925-07-17 1926-09-21 Thomas E Murray Molding conduits
US1707446A (en) * 1927-08-06 1929-04-02 Murray Conduit-building apparatus
US2225015A (en) * 1937-02-19 1940-12-17 Procedes Tech Const Method and means for producing concrete structures
FR818955A (en) * 1937-03-09 1937-10-07 Method and device for the in situ establishment of vibrated concrete constructions
US2356852A (en) * 1942-01-28 1944-08-29 George W Hutchinson Method and apparatus for making concrete pipe
US2731698A (en) * 1950-12-05 1956-01-24 No Joint Concrete Pipe Company Apparatus for forming concrete pipe in situ
US2717435A (en) * 1950-12-06 1955-09-13 Listone Concrete Company Ltd Machine for moulding pipes, tubes, and the like from cementitious mixes
GB713256A (en) * 1951-04-09 1954-08-11 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to apparatus and methods for constructing underground concretepipes or land drains in situ

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143781A (en) * 1961-02-13 1964-08-11 Kalns Arvids Concrete slab forming machine
US3159897A (en) * 1961-07-10 1964-12-08 Fredrick G Ellis Machine for extruding hollow cored concrete sections
US3176371A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-04-06 Lee H Patchen Concrete vibrator and former
US3276092A (en) * 1962-07-30 1966-10-04 Peter Kiewit Sons Inc Apparatus for casting hollow reinforced and pre-stressed members
US3181222A (en) * 1962-09-27 1965-05-04 Percy W Palmer Machine for manufacture of prestressed concrete conduit
US3177552A (en) * 1962-10-18 1965-04-13 Roth Concrete making machine
US3143782A (en) * 1962-11-01 1964-08-11 Kalns Arvid Concrete slab forming machine
US3200177A (en) * 1963-04-04 1965-08-10 Clarence Riegel Method of forming concrete articles and slip forming machine therefor
US3401438A (en) * 1963-09-30 1968-09-17 Houdaille Industries Inc Apparatus for manufacturing pretensioned concrete slabs
US3284867A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-11-15 Spiroll Corp Ltd Machines for forming hollow cored concrete products
US3877860A (en) * 1969-12-04 1975-04-15 Dyform Concrete Prestressed Lt Extrusion machine for making articles of cement-like material
WO2010079416A1 (en) 2009-01-08 2010-07-15 Frischknecht, Harry Reinforced load bearing structure

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