US2932582A - Pressure sensitive transfer record sheet - Google Patents
Pressure sensitive transfer record sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2932582A US2932582A US79116759A US2932582A US 2932582 A US2932582 A US 2932582A US 79116759 A US79116759 A US 79116759A US 2932582 A US2932582 A US 2932582A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- capsules
- pressure
- coating
- solvent
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
- B41M5/165—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components characterised by the use of microcapsules; Special solvents for incorporating the ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/10—Complex coacervation, i.e. interaction of oppositely charged particles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
- Y10T428/249995—Constituent is in liquid form
- Y10T428/249997—Encapsulated liquid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31844—Of natural gum, rosin, natural oil or lac
- Y10T428/31848—Next to cellulosic
Definitions
- This invention relates to a pressure-sensitlve transfer record sheet, said sheet including a preferably porous supporting web, like tissue paper, having a first coating on a surface thereof, which first coating includes a profusion of minute pressure-rupturable capsules containing a liquid material which can be released by rupture of the capsules, and said first coating having applied thereover, arid in contact therewith, a normally substantially solid second coating, which is soluble in the liquid material of the capsule contents and which second coating contains coloring material. which rendered sufliciently mobile by said liquid to render the second coating and coloring material transferable.
- novel transfer sheet. is. placed, coated side down, on a receiving sheet, such as paper, and pressure is applied to the back uncoated surface of the transfer sheet by a marking instrument, the capsules are ruptured in those areas to which. pressure is applied by the marking instrument, releasing the liquid contents thereof locally to form a paste of the second coating containing the coloring material, which paste, by the. applied pressure, which ruptures the capsules, is transferred to the receiving sheet, there to make a mark of the configuration corresponding to the areas to which pressure was applied.
- the supporting web which was said to be porous in the preferable form of the invention, absorbs excess liquid which escapes from the ruptured capsules, so that the solvent effect of the released liquid will not spread sideways in the color-containing coating, thus keeping the transferred mark, or marks, definitely delineated.
- the coloring material is a dye, such as azo-oil-blue-black-B, which has been dissolved together with a chlorinated rubber in a suitable solvent such as diethyl-benzene, carbon-tetrachloride, dichloro-ethane, toluene, and xylene, or mixtures thereof.
- a chlorinated rubber may be obtained in a solid powder under the name of Parlon, manufactured and sold by the Hercules Powder Company, having its principal ofiice in Wilmington, Delaware, of the United States of America.
- This chlorinated rubber is mixed with a sufiicient amount of solvent and coloring material to form a coating material with the necessary viscosity to enable it to be coated over the first coating of capsules.
- the capsule coating may be made according to the process described in United States Patent No. 2,800,457, which issued on the application of Barrett K. Green and Lowell Schleicher on July 23, 1957, and in which is disclosed a process whereby waterinsoluble materials may be microscopically encapsulated in a hydrophilic-colloid wall-forming material, the capsules so made being adapted to be applied as a dispersion to a supporting web.
- the capsule coating is first applied to the supporting web and dried, and, thereafter, the chlorinated rubber and accompanying coloring material is coated thereover and allowed to dry, such coatings being applied by any of the well-known coating procedures such as rolling, brushing, spraying, or spreading it out with a blade or an air-knife.
- a preferred embodi- The drawing shows a supporting web of paper having,
- the pressure-rupturable capsules overlaid with the second coating of dissolvable.
- solid material carrying, or consisting of, coloring material.
- a supporting sheet of tissue paper such as that used as the supporting web in carbon transfer sheets, has applied thereto a coating of a liquid dispersion of microscopic solid-walled capsules, each capsule being pressure-rupturable, by pressures encountered in. marking and. printing, and each capsule containing a readily-evaporable solvent liquid. of the mentioned type.
- the capsules. are. made, as disclosed in the patent, in an aqueous medium, en masse, by the process to be described. Keeping the ingredients at 50 degrees centigrade, 20 grams of gum arabic is dissolved in 160 grams of Water, and into this is emulsified grams of diethylbenzene. A second sol is made of 20 grams of pork skin gelatin, having its. iso-,
- Coacervation is a separation out of the aqueous mixture of a colloidrich phase, which deposits on the individual droplets of diethylbenzone as seed points.
- the coacervation by water-dilution is continued until the desired amount of colloid material has been deposited around the droplets.
- the diethylbenzene droplets each are coated with a colloid-rich liquid wallof the complexes formed by interaction of the gum arabic and gelatin molecules.
- the re sulting aqueous dispersion of liquid-walled capsules then is cooled, to gel the gellable components of the polymer material, so that the liquid walls become solid, and the capsule walls then may be hardened so as to become substantially water-insoluble and able to withstand drying temperatures that formerly would have softened them.
- the hardening is brought about by treating the dispersion of solid-Walled capsules with an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, such being accomplished by pouring in about 20 grams of a 37%, by weight, solution of formaldehyde in water, adjusted to pH 9 to 11, with an accompanying adjustment in the pH of the whole dispersion to that range, the hardening taking, at least, about ten minutes.
- the second color-containing coating then is applied and dried.
- the novel transfer sheet so made, when placed coated side down upon a paper receiving sheet, will be responsive to the marks of an applied writing instrument such as a pen, a pencil, or type, and be evidenced by the rupture of the capsules in the coating next to the supporting paper. This local capsule rupturing releases the diethylbenzene solvent to form a paste with the materials of the color coating directly in contact therewith, the so-formed paste being transferred, by the same pressure which causes the rupture of the capsules, to the receiving sheet.
- novel transfer sheet is smudge-proof under ordinary handling conditions and remains so until the capsules are ruptured selectively by the selectively-applied marking pressures, whereupon a Patented A r. 12, 196.0
- TAhumbei-fo'f solvents have been named for the capsulelcontents, but any comparable liquid-volatile solvent chlorinated rubber, itmay keep the transferred" pigment fro smudging. llffithappens" that the receiving sheet vent expelled from the capsules will leave the dye disparsed and encased'in the chlorinated rubber, and the dye will' not be subjected to smudge by any shearing forces applied thereto.
- the transfer sheet may be used with non-porous sheets, such asthepolymer film-forming sheets made of celluloseacetate,”vinyl acetate, cellulose nitrate, and .copolymer materials of similar characteristics.
- non-porous sheets such asthepolymer film-forming sheets made of celluloseacetate,”vinyl acetate, cellulose nitrate, and .copolymer materials of similar characteristics.
- a pressure-sensitive transfer sheet having on a surface thereof an undercoating and an overcoating, said coatings being in contact, the undercoating including a profusion of microscopic pressure-rupturable capsules, each capsule containing a liquid solvent, and the overcoating including a normally solid mixture of a marking material and a-binder, the mixture being soluble in the IS, fa non-absorbent nature, the evaporation of the sol-" solvent, the capsules and the mixture being present in such a ratio that when the transfer sheet is laid on a receiving surface, the capsules may be ruptured in selected areas, by pressure applied to the back of the transfer sheet by a marking instrument, to release enough solvent to make a paste of the marking material and binder in those areas, the pressure transferring the thus-formed marking paste to the receiving surface.
- a pressure-sensitive transfer sheet including a base web of paper having, on the surface thereof, an undercoating and an overcoating, the undercoating including a profusion of microscopic pressure-rupturable capsules; each containing a volatile liquid solvent, and the overcoating including a' solid deposit obtained by drying a liquid coating onto said undercoating, the liquid coating being a solution ofa solid'marking material and a solid binder, said dried coating being soluble in the encapsulated liquid, solvent, and said solvent being expressed ruptured.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Color Printing (AREA)
- Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US79116759 US2932582A (en) | 1959-02-04 | 1959-02-04 | Pressure sensitive transfer record sheet |
GB219760A GB865607A (en) | 1959-02-04 | 1960-01-21 | Pressure-sensitive transfer sheet |
FR817275A FR1246649A (fr) | 1959-02-04 | 1960-02-02 | Feuille de report sensible à la pression |
DEN17835A DE1098015B (de) | 1959-02-04 | 1960-02-03 | Druckempfindliches UEbertragungsblatt |
CH120260A CH388764A (fr) | 1959-02-04 | 1960-02-03 | Feuille de report sensible à la pression |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US79116759 US2932582A (en) | 1959-02-04 | 1959-02-04 | Pressure sensitive transfer record sheet |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2932582A true US2932582A (en) | 1960-04-12 |
Family
ID=25152872
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US79116759 Expired - Lifetime US2932582A (en) | 1959-02-04 | 1959-02-04 | Pressure sensitive transfer record sheet |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2932582A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH388764A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE1098015B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR1246649A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB865607A (fr) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3020171A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1962-02-06 | Ncr Co | Pressure-sensitive record and transfer sheet material |
US3116148A (en) * | 1959-12-21 | 1963-12-31 | Ncr Co | Photo-chemical printing process and sheet material |
US3779848A (en) * | 1969-11-24 | 1973-12-18 | Ncr | Method of making container opening structure comprising flexible tape and pressure-rupturable capsules |
US3856554A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1974-12-24 | Ibm | Pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer sheet and method for providing a chemically formed image on an untreated substrate |
US4180656A (en) * | 1976-04-27 | 1979-12-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Azomethine compounds |
EP0012623A2 (fr) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-06-25 | Kores Nordic Holding A/S | Matériel de transfert avec formateurs de colorants |
EP0041024A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-28 | 1981-12-02 | ARJOMARI-PRIOUX Société anonyme dite | Papier de sécurité utilisable pour éviter les falsifications pouvant provenir de l'emploi de stylos à encre effaçable |
FR2491968A1 (fr) * | 1980-10-09 | 1982-04-16 | Automation Organisation Gmbh G | Papier de surete premuni contre les falsifications par grattage |
US4879175A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1989-11-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Device for exposing colorant to be transferred |
US4879174A (en) * | 1986-01-10 | 1989-11-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Device for exposing colorant to be transferred |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2730457A (en) * | 1953-06-30 | 1956-01-10 | Ncr Co | Pressure responsive record materials |
US2800457A (en) * | 1953-06-30 | 1957-07-23 | Ncr Co | Oil-containing microscopic capsules and method of making them |
-
1959
- 1959-02-04 US US79116759 patent/US2932582A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1960
- 1960-01-21 GB GB219760A patent/GB865607A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-02-02 FR FR817275A patent/FR1246649A/fr not_active Expired
- 1960-02-03 DE DEN17835A patent/DE1098015B/de active Pending
- 1960-02-03 CH CH120260A patent/CH388764A/fr unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2730457A (en) * | 1953-06-30 | 1956-01-10 | Ncr Co | Pressure responsive record materials |
US2800457A (en) * | 1953-06-30 | 1957-07-23 | Ncr Co | Oil-containing microscopic capsules and method of making them |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3116148A (en) * | 1959-12-21 | 1963-12-31 | Ncr Co | Photo-chemical printing process and sheet material |
US3020171A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1962-02-06 | Ncr Co | Pressure-sensitive record and transfer sheet material |
US3104980A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1963-09-24 | Ncr Co | Pressure sensitive record and transfer sheet material |
US3779848A (en) * | 1969-11-24 | 1973-12-18 | Ncr | Method of making container opening structure comprising flexible tape and pressure-rupturable capsules |
US3856554A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1974-12-24 | Ibm | Pressure-sensitive carbonless transfer sheet and method for providing a chemically formed image on an untreated substrate |
US4180656A (en) * | 1976-04-27 | 1979-12-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Azomethine compounds |
EP0012623A2 (fr) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-06-25 | Kores Nordic Holding A/S | Matériel de transfert avec formateurs de colorants |
EP0012623A3 (fr) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-10-15 | Kores Nordic Holding A/S | Matériel de transfert avec formateurs de colorants |
EP0041024A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-28 | 1981-12-02 | ARJOMARI-PRIOUX Société anonyme dite | Papier de sécurité utilisable pour éviter les falsifications pouvant provenir de l'emploi de stylos à encre effaçable |
FR2491968A1 (fr) * | 1980-10-09 | 1982-04-16 | Automation Organisation Gmbh G | Papier de surete premuni contre les falsifications par grattage |
US4879175A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1989-11-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Device for exposing colorant to be transferred |
US4879174A (en) * | 1986-01-10 | 1989-11-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Device for exposing colorant to be transferred |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1098015B (de) | 1961-01-26 |
FR1246649A (fr) | 1960-11-18 |
CH388764A (fr) | 1965-02-28 |
GB865607A (en) | 1961-04-19 |
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