US2927468A - Vibrator - Google Patents

Description

March 8, 1960 MQE J. wlsE VIBRATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 14, 1957 lil f vill.

March 8, 1960 M J, wlsE 2,927,468

VIBRATOR Filed Jan. 14, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VIBRATOR Marlr J. Wise, Dayton, hio, assignor to The Flexicore Co., Inc., Montgomery County, Ohio, a corporation of New York Application January 14, 1957, Serial No. 633,943

4 Claims. (Cl. 74-61) This invention relates to a vibrator for use in shaking down granular, fluid or suspended materials. While the vibrator of the present invention has a wide variety of 'to subject the concrete mix, prior to setting, to vibration in order to render the mix dense and firm. As a rule, the mass of material to be subjected to vibration is quite considerable so that substantial power for effecting vibration is necessary. The vibrator and everything associated with the vibrator is thus subjected to considerable stress and strain during vibration and has a tendency to reduce substantially the life of various parts of the vibrator.

The means for generating vibrations as a rule comprises a motor driven shaft having unbalanced weights secured thereon. Other means such as a reciprocating air driven piston or an electro-.magnetic vibrator have also been used. In the use of such vibrators in casting long beams of concrete, it has been the practice to support the casting form on two or more spring-mounted pedestals to which have been rigidly attached a vibrating unit.

It has hitherto been necessary to use at least two vibrators to support a long casting form or a number of forms in end to end relation. In casting beams in forms having a length of about 30 feet it has been the practice to use as many as four vibrators. Any'vibrators in excess of one results in a loss of power, the loss increasing with the number of vibrators. It has been found that the amount of vibratory energy imparted to the load, casting form and the enclosed concrete, does not increase in direct proportion with the addition of vibrating units, an increasing amount of power is lost and the efficiency of the operation drops. y

The reason for the decrease in eticiency may be due to interference between the separate vibrators. In any event, a single vibrator is definitely more eicient than a plurality of vibrators.

The invention in general contemplates the mounting of a long beam or table upon springs at or near the two ends of the table. Means for generating vibrations are coupled to an intermediate part of the table, usually the center thereof. rl`hus the entire table becomes'a vibrating system having one region where vibrations are generated or fed to the table and having other regions endowed with elasticity for forming part of a vibrating system for maintaining the table in continuous vibratory condition.

For a more thorough understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the drawings wherein an exemplary embodiment is illustrated. It is understood that variations may be made within the scope of the claims.

Figure l is a side elevation of a complete vibrator embodying the present invention.

2,927,458 Fatented Mar. 93 196@ the electric motor and the vibrator.

Figure 6 is a View along line 6--6 of Figure y5.

Figure 7 is a view along line 7 7 of Figure 3.

The invention is especially applicable tolong structures which are to be vibrated. The vibrator comprises an elongated supporting member 10 of steel. Supporting member 10 may assume any one of a variety of forms and as illustrated here is in the shape of a wide ilange beam having web 12 and top and bottom flanges ,13 and 14.

Beam 10 may be as long as necessary and for work with concrete beams may have a length ofthe order from about 2O to as much as 30 feet or more. Beam 10 is preferably of one continuous length although it may be made in sections welded together. At or near the ends of beam 10 means vare provided for supporting the beams on springs. Head plates y16 and 17 are welded or rigidly attached to thefbottorn or inner faces of flange 13 on opposite sides of the web 12. It is understood that the construction. of the spring supports are the same at or near the two ends1rof the beam. Accordingly the showing in Figure 3 will sufce for the two end portions of the beam.

Head plates 16 and 17 are of steel plate and have rigidly attached to the bottom faces thereof steel cylinders Ztl and 21 extending downwardly from top ange 13. Cylinders 20 and 21 are beyond the edges yof flanges 14 and extend below these flanges. Disposed within each cylinder is heavy coil spring 23. Coil spring 23 may be of the type used on railroad cars where heavy duty is encountered. It is understood that the ilexible` characteristicsV of the springs are dependent upon the character of the load, the frequency and amplitude vibration and strength of the material. l

Telescoped within cylinders 20 and 21 and disposed within the coils of spring 23Yis post 25. Post r25 is carried on base 26 which may be of steel or anyy other suitable material. Disposed on the bottom of post 25 and providing a support forthe lower end of each coil spring are one or more washers or spacers 28 for adjusting the elevation of the beam. The lateral level of top flange 13 may be properly adjusted by washers 28 on the base on opposite sidesof the beam. In addition the level of the entire length of beam 10 may also be adjusted by controlling the elevation of the end portions of the beam. It is thus possible to have the entire supporting-face of the beam disposed in a generally ilat, horizontal plane if desired.

The region for imparting vibratory energy to beam 10 may be anywhere between the spring supports and usually will be at a region substantially midway between the points of support. In general, a symmetrical spring mounting of the beam is preferred and in such condition, it is generally preferable to introduce the vibratory energy at a centrally disposed region on the beam.

At the region where vibratory energy is to be introduced into the beam, coupling plate 30 is rigidly secured to bottom flange 14 below the same. Coupling plate 30 is substantially wider than ange 14 and extends along the length of the beam for a suitable distance. Coupling plate 30 maybe tapered at 31 and 32 so that the width of the coupling plate at the ends thereof is equalto'the flange width. This however is not important.

Coupling plate 30 has welded or rigidly secured thereto at opposite edges thereof pillow block bearing supports 34 and 3S. These supports may have any desired shape or construction and are adapted to support pillow blocks 36 and 37. The pillow blocks are clamped between two parts comprising support blocks 34 and 35 by suitable bolts. The pillow blocks `accommodate bearings for shaft 39.

Shaft 39 passes through clearance opening 40 in web 12 of the beam. Rigidly attached to shaft 39 are eccentric vibration producing members 41 and V42. VThe nature, weight and other factors of eccentric members 41 and 42 will be determined by the frequency and amplitude requirements of the vibrator. While it is preferred to have eccentric members 41 and 42 symmetrical as far as a transverse view is concerned, the symmetry being with reference to the center web of the beam, it is understood that only one eccentric member may be provided.

` Shaft 39 has one end which projects beyond the bearing, in this instance bearing in block 37, and carries pulley 44. End play of the shaft is limited by suitable means. Pulley 44 is coupled by belt 45 to a pulley 46 on an electric motor 47 rigidly secured to base 48.

In order to protect the bearings and the motor from dirt emanating from theload during vibration, splash guards 50 and 51 may be attached in any suitable fashion to lianges 13 of the beam. If the vibratory load does not rest upon the top surface of Vthe flange 13, it is possible to have the splash guards -secured as illustrated in Figure 2. The splash guards are suicient to cover the bearings and pulleys and aportion of the motor. It is understood that the splash guards may be as long as necessary. If desired, housings may `be'provided for the bearings and motor.

In order to support the vibratory load, any suitable means may be provided. Thus it is possible'to rest the load directly upon liange 13 throughout the length of the beam. In such case, it will be necessary to dispose the splash guards against the inside of the bottom faces of ange 13. p

, However as illustrated in Figure 3 each beam end has cross plate 53 upon which lugs 54 and 55 are provided. Cross plate 53 is disposed transversely across the beam at the outerface of liange 13. The width of cross plate $3- the dimension along the length of beam lil-may be as great as desired. Usually the forms for casting concrete beamsy vare made of steel and are sumciently strong so that the form may be supported at the ends only. An example of such a casting form is disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,614,309 issued on October 2l, 1952. Other casting forms may be used.

Lugs 54 and 55 are so constructed and disposed that the casting form may be slid into position between the lugs or posts and prevented from moving laterally of the beam. As many cross plates may be provided along the length of beam as are necessary so that the load, in this case lthe casting `form iilled with concrete mix, will be supported at a desired number of regions along the length of the form.

The rotation of the motor will cause vibrations to be generated at bearings in blocks 36 and 3'7. The vibrations vat these bearings will be transmitted through coumachines. By virtue of this, there is less electrical mainconcrete into the forms with a minimum amount of defective work.

' for special bearings.

pling plate 30 to beam 16 and the entire beam will be f,

vibration and thus the bearings on the motor and the 1 l entire motor structure will have a long life.' i

By virtue of the present invention. casting forms in long lengths may be vibrated by one vibrating unit.v This is in` contrast to the multiplicity of units -required inA prior In prior machines having a number of vibrators, it has occurred that one form-it a number of forms were disposed lengthwise on the entire machine--or part of a long form may not be properly vibrated. It sometimes happens that a vibrating unit stops operating. The remaining units continue to make considerable noise and an operator can not tell if the entire machine is operating properly unless he physically contacts every vibrator to determine that such vibrator is actually operating. Failing this, the concrete is not properly vibrated and results in a defective product.

t In comparison to the above, the new machine has only one unit which either runs or doesnt run. Consequently the use of the new machine makes it possible to greatly reduce culls or bad work. The one motor used in the new machine is adequately protected against vibration and thus can have a long, useful life without the necessity The machine proper may beprovided .with heavy bearings so that minimum service is required.

Cylinders 20 and 21 protect coil springs 23 from dirt and from particles of concrete and thus prolong the operating life of the springs and entire mechanism for level control.

Having described the invention, what is claimed is:

l. A vibrator construction for vibrating concrete and the like, said construction comprising an I beam, said beam having a web and' anges, spring means engaging the top llanges adjacent the ends of the beam for supporting the beam so that the web lies in a generally vertical plane and the flanges are generally horizontal, there being one spring means at each flange adjacent each beam end so that said beam may rock, a base plate rigidly attached to said bottom flange adjacent a cen tral portion of the beam, bearings carried by said plate on opposite sides of said web and a shaft in said bearings extending transversely of the beam through an opening in the web, at least one unbalanced weight member on said shaft for creating vibration upon shaft revolution, a pulley carried by said shaft and means including a flexible belt for driving said pulley from a motor, said vibrator being adapted to be supported on said spring means and being adapted to be vibrated when said belt is driven. 2. The construction according to claim 1 wherein said spring means comprises a coil spring, a plate carried by said top ilange against which the top end of said coil spring rests,a bottom plate extending transversely of the beam adjacent arbeam end, a pair of posts supported by said bottom plate, one post extending upwardly into the bottom of the coil spring on one side of the web and the other post extending similarly into the other coil spring, each end of .thefbeam being similarly provided with such spring means and support plate, the support platessupporting the beam ends.

3.*The construction -according to claim 2 wherein washers arenprovidedv around each post between the botto-m plate and the bottom end of a coil spring for adjusting the elevation of the beam.

4.-'Ihe"construction according to claim V3 wherein each plate carried by the top flange carries a tube for F5 6 surrounding a portion of the coil spring and wherein said 1,491,432 Stebbins Apr. 22, 1924 shaft carries an unbalanced weight on each side of said 2,072,725 Wettlaufer Mar. 2, 1937 web. 2,258,059 Kessler Oct. 7, 1941 References Cited in the le of this patent 2,705,889 Hock et al- API* 12 1955 UNTTED STATES PATENTS 5 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,409,261 Tomblin Mar. 14, 1922 299,902 Great Britain Nov. 2, 1928

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