US2918485A - Dihydroxy aluminum salicylates - Google Patents
Dihydroxy aluminum salicylates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2918485A US2918485A US535732A US53573255A US2918485A US 2918485 A US2918485 A US 2918485A US 535732 A US535732 A US 535732A US 53573255 A US53573255 A US 53573255A US 2918485 A US2918485 A US 2918485A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- acid
- salicylates
- aluminum hydroxide
- acylated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- REXUFGONOCXWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum 2-carboxyphenolate dihydroxide Chemical class C(C=1C(O)=CC=CC1)(=O)[O-].O[Al+]O REXUFGONOCXWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title description 4
- -1 SALICYL ETHYL Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N salsalate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O WVYADZUPLLSGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-FOQJRBATSA-N 59096-14-9 Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1[14C](O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-FOQJRBATSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960000953 salsalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- GQSZLMMXKNYCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;2-carboxyphenolate Chemical compound [Al+3].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O GQSZLMMXKNYCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEUCPZFPBXPCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;2-acetyloxybenzoate;dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Al+]O.CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O WEUCPZFPBXPCQU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003872 salicylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HDVDLQFPDLTOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L O[AlH]O Chemical compound O[AlH]O HDVDLQFPDLTOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282461 Canis lupus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940024545 aluminum hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GKJRJGXKDYCFNF-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;2-acetyloxybenzoate Chemical class [Al+3].CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O GKJRJGXKDYCFNF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003563 calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010961 commercial manufacture process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000869 magnesium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(O)=O CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940058287 salicylic acid derivative anticestodals Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003870 salicylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/06—Aluminium compounds
- C07F5/069—Aluminium compounds without C-aluminium linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C65/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C65/01—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C65/03—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups monocyclic and having all hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to the ring
- C07C65/05—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups monocyclic and having all hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to the ring o-Hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C07C65/10—Salicylic acid
Definitions
- Analgesics are chemical substances which have the property of destroying or ameliorating low-level pain
- salicylates are the safest by a wide margin, in that they combine a high degree of effgctiveness with a minimum of sidereactions, and are comparatively harmless even in very Many salicylic derivatives have been asaspirin.
- magnesium or calcium carbonate, magnesium or aluminum hydroxide are typical substances of this type. This procedure is, in fact recommended to every user of salicylates, sensitive or not, as a routine precaution against complications.
- a further drawback to the use of mixtures in this application is the difiiculty of insuring that each tablet or other subdivision of the bulk mixture is of the proper composition. Differences in density and particle size among the ingredients often cause a tendency of one or another to settle out as a lot is measured out into doses, with the result that uniformity of composition throughout the batch is' not miantained.
- Both the aforementioned difiiculties may be overcome by the incorporation of the two requisite properties, namely, analgesic activity and the ability to neutralize strong acid, in a single chemical compound.
- Substances of this type include dihydroxy aluminum salicylate, dihydroxy aluminum acetylsalicylate, dihydroxy aluminum salicylsalicylate and dihydroxy aluminum salicyl ethyl carbonate.
- Members of this class are stable saltlike compounds in which the relative proportions of analgesic and antiacid cannot be affected by handling.
- dihydroxy aluminum salicylates While dihydroxy aluminum salicylates are stable in aqueous suspension in the ordinary pH range, they are decomposed at a pH below about 4. When such a preparation is swallowed, it breaks up on encountering the gastric contents .at a pH near 1. Since salicylic acid is a weak acid, it is liberated from combination with the aluminum by the strong hydrochloric acid of the stomach, and can then be freely absorbed. into the bloodstream. The inorganic moiety is converted to basic aluminum chloride, neutralizing one equivalent of strong acid in the process. Basic aluminum chloride is still capable of neutralizing a further two equivalents of strong acid, in the manner known to be characteristic of aluminum hydroxides.
- dihydroxy aluminum salicylates exhibit a further advantage over physical mixtures of dried aluminum hydroxide and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof.
- aluminum hydroxide retains its full effectiveness in neutralizing strong acids, whereas the unmodified hydroxide loses. the greater part of its activity on drying.
- Acetylsalicylic acid is not stable in the presence of water, particularly at elevated temperatures; when it is maintained in aqueous suspension near 60 C. for 30 to 60 minutes, as specified in the cited patent, appreciable hydrolysis to acetic and salicylic acids occurs.
- the organic moiety of the product is not pure acetylsalicylic acid but a mixture of this with salicylic acid containtaining 20 to 50% of the latter.
- an appropriate acylated salicylic acid derivative is treated at elevated temperatures with a dilute suspension of freshly-precipitated aluminum hydroxide in the presence of a water-miscible organic liquid which is a solvent for the acylated salicylic acid derivative.
- a water-miscible organic liquid which is a solvent for the acylated salicylic acid derivative.
- Any physiologically active acylated salicylic compound may be used, provided it contains a free carboxyl group to provide a point of linkage with the aluminum.
- Suitable reagents include acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate.
- the optimum concentration for the initial aqueous aluminum hydroxide suspension is approximately 5% calculated as aluminum oxide.
- Somewhat greater dilutions may also be employed. It is of course possible to start with commercial gels of higher concentration, perhaps to 9% to 13% A1 0 but these should first be diluted to the 5% level in order to prevent coagulation on addition of organic solvent and to avoid too great a viscosity in the final slurry. Considerable latitude is permissible in the selection of the organic solvent, which must be miscible with water and not acidic, either directly or as a result of hydrolysis. Ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and t-butyl a1- cohols and 1,4-dioxane are all highly suitable. Methanol and acetone may also be used, but are less desirable on account of their low boiling points.
- Example 1 To 1020 parts by weight of a freshly precipitated suspension of aluminum hydroxide containing by we ght of A1 0 is added, with vigorous stirring, about an equal volume of ethyl or isopronyl alcohol. One hundred thirty eight parts by weight of USP salicylic acid is next introduced, and, without interrupting the stirring, heat is applied to the mixture. Shortly after the liquid reaches the boiling point the slurry begins to thicken, and after it has boiled for half an hour or so it reaches its maximum viscosity. Should the mix at any point become too thick for effective stirring, it is further diluted with a little .additional water and/ or alcohol.
- Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 is followed precisely except that the salicylic acid is replaced by 180 parts by weight of USP acetylsalicylic acid.
- the product is similar in its properties, but amounts to 240 parts by weight and conta ns 11.2% of aluminum, corresponding to the formula (OH)2A1C9H704-
- ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol have been specified as the organic solvent.
- tertiary butyl alcohol and 1,4-dioxane may be substituted for the alcohols specified for the same relative volumes as given in the examples.
- either methanol or acetone may be used in place of the organic solvents specified in the examples. It is intended that these substitutions of organic solvents should be considered as defining separate examples in which the remaining portions of Example 1 wouldbe repeated. Repetition of the example has been avoided in order to avoid undue extension of this specification.
- the process of the present invention may be practised by substituting for these organic solvents a water-miscible aliphatic ether selected from the ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
- suitable water miscible ethers are ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
- dihydroxy aluminum acetylsalicylate comprising the step of boiling acetylsalicylic acid with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4- dioxane and acetone.
- dihydroxy aluminum sal icylsalicylate comprising the step of boiling salicylsalicylic acid with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4- dioxane and acetone.
- dihydroxy aluminum salicylate ethyl carbonate comprising the step of boiling salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone.
- the process of producing basic aluminum salicylates comprising the step of boiling a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a liquid, water miscible organic solvent consisting of a monohydric alcohol containing from one to four carbon atoms.
- a process of producing basic aluminum salicylates comprising boiling a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of ethyl alcohol.
- a process for producing basic aluminum salicylates comprising adding a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group comprising the lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone to about an equal volume of a suspension of aluminum hydroxide, adding a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salcylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate to said mixture, boiling the mixture thus obtained until a slurry is formed, cooling the slurry and removing the mother liquor and recovering the desired product from the residue.
- a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group comprising the lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
large overdoses. described, but only two account for the bulk of the very 3 large annual consumption: salicylic acid itself, together I with its salts, and acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known ble with basic substances.
United States Patent DIHYDROXY ALUMINUM SALICYLATES N 0 Drawing. Application September 21, 1955 Serial No. 535,732
8 Claims. (Cl. 260-448) Analgesics are chemical substances which have the property of destroying or ameliorating low-level pain,
such as common headache, mild rheumatism and the like. They do not ordinarily cure the pain in the sense of removing its cause, but rather prevent it from being appreciated. Of the many analgesics known, salicylates are the safest by a wide margin, in that they combine a high degree of effgctiveness with a minimum of sidereactions, and are comparatively harmless even in very Many salicylic derivatives have been asaspirin.
While most persons can take salicylates by mouth, in
therapeutic doses, without any perceptible side-effects whatever, there is an appreciable group in which they cause slight irritation of the stomach walls. This stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the gastric mu- -cosa and produces the type of discomfort generally referred to as acidindigestion. To prevent such aftereffects sensitive individuals are advised to take with their salicylates some acid-counteractant; sodium bircarbonate,
magnesium or calcium carbonate, magnesium or aluminum hydroxide are typical substances of this type. This procedure is, in fact recommended to every user of salicylates, sensitive or not, as a routine precaution against complications.
Sinceit is often inconvenient to be required to take into a single dose. These have not been notably successful, mainly because aspirin, which is the salicylate usually chosen for maximum effectiveness, is incompati- Compounded with carbon ates, bicarbonates or magnesium hydroxide, it is slowly decomposed with loss of the acetyl radical. The only antiacid with which it may safely be mixed is aluminum hydroxide, and this, in the dry state, is comparatively ineifective for its intended purpose.
A further drawback to the use of mixtures in this application is the difiiculty of insuring that each tablet or other subdivision of the bulk mixture is of the proper composition. Differences in density and particle size among the ingredients often cause a tendency of one or another to settle out as a lot is measured out into doses, with the result that uniformity of composition throughout the batch is' not miantained.
Both the aforementioned difiiculties may be overcome by the incorporation of the two requisite properties, namely, analgesic activity and the ability to neutralize strong acid, in a single chemical compound. Substances of this type include dihydroxy aluminum salicylate, dihydroxy aluminum acetylsalicylate, dihydroxy aluminum salicylsalicylate and dihydroxy aluminum salicyl ethyl carbonate. Members of this class are stable saltlike compounds in which the relative proportions of analgesic and antiacid cannot be affected by handling.
While dihydroxy aluminum salicylates are stable in aqueous suspension in the ordinary pH range, they are decomposed at a pH below about 4. When such a preparation is swallowed, it breaks up on encountering the gastric contents .at a pH near 1. Since salicylic acid is a weak acid, it is liberated from combination with the aluminum by the strong hydrochloric acid of the stomach, and can then be freely absorbed. into the bloodstream. The inorganic moiety is converted to basic aluminum chloride, neutralizing one equivalent of strong acid in the process. Basic aluminum chloride is still capable of neutralizing a further two equivalents of strong acid, in the manner known to be characteristic of aluminum hydroxides.
In addition to the maintenance of a fixed composition, dihydroxy aluminum salicylates exhibit a further advantage over physical mixtures of dried aluminum hydroxide and salicylic acid or a derivative thereof. In combination as a basic salt, aluminum hydroxide retains its full effectiveness in neutralizing strong acids, whereas the unmodified hydroxide loses. the greater part of its activity on drying.
Combinations of aluminum hydroxide with acetylsalicylic acid have previously been described, notably by Beekman in U.S. Pat. No. 2,698,332.. The procedure outlined therein for their preparation, however, is impracticable on two counts. In the first place, the appa ratus on which the process is dependent, a high speed rotary mixer of the design known as a Waring Blendor, is a device suitable for laboratory-scale investigations of a few ounces of material; it is completely inapplicable to the commercial manufacture of pharmaceuticals in lots of several hundred pounds. Furthermore, the basic aluminum acetylsalicylates thus obtained are not pure compounds. Acetylsalicylic acid is not stable in the presence of water, particularly at elevated temperatures; when it is maintained in aqueous suspension near 60 C. for 30 to 60 minutes, as specified in the cited patent, appreciable hydrolysis to acetic and salicylic acids occurs. As a result, the organic moiety of the product is not pure acetylsalicylic acid but a mixture of this with salicylic acid containtaining 20 to 50% of the latter. Through our improved process, in contrast, it is possible to prepare combinations of aluminum hydroxide with even the most unstable acylated salicylic acid derivatives, of the highest purity and in any quantity, in simple, standard equipment.
In our method of producing dihydroxy aluminum acylated salicylates, an appropriate acylated salicylic acid derivative is treated at elevated temperatures with a dilute suspension of freshly-precipitated aluminum hydroxide in the presence of a water-miscible organic liquid which is a solvent for the acylated salicylic acid derivative. Any physiologically active acylated salicylic compound may be used, provided it contains a free carboxyl group to provide a point of linkage with the aluminum. Suitable reagents include acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate. The optimum concentration for the initial aqueous aluminum hydroxide suspension is approximately 5% calculated as aluminum oxide. Somewhat greater dilutions may also be employed. It is of course possible to start with commercial gels of higher concentration, perhaps to 9% to 13% A1 0 but these should first be diluted to the 5% level in order to prevent coagulation on addition of organic solvent and to avoid too great a viscosity in the final slurry. Considerable latitude is permissible in the selection of the organic solvent, which must be miscible with water and not acidic, either directly or as a result of hydrolysis. Ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and t-butyl a1- cohols and 1,4-dioxane are all highly suitable. Methanol and acetone may also be used, but are less desirable on account of their low boiling points.
The following examples will serve to illustrate typical procedures for these useful substances:
Example 1.-To 1020 parts by weight of a freshly precipitated suspension of aluminum hydroxide containing by we ght of A1 0 is added, with vigorous stirring, about an equal volume of ethyl or isopronyl alcohol. One hundred thirty eight parts by weight of USP salicylic acid is next introduced, and, without interrupting the stirring, heat is applied to the mixture. Shortly after the liquid reaches the boiling point the slurry begins to thicken, and after it has boiled for half an hour or so it reaches its maximum viscosity. Should the mix at any point become too thick for effective stirring, it is further diluted with a little .additional water and/ or alcohol. At completion of the react on the slurry is cooled and transferred to a vacuum filter or a centrifuge where the mother liquor is removed as completely as possible for recovery of the alcohol. The cake may be dried in a hot air oven below 150 C., or it may be resuspended in pure water and pumped through a spray drier. The product in either case amounts to 198 parts by weight of a white, tasteless, fiuffy powder, very slightly soluble in water and contain ng 13.6% of aluminum, which corresponds to the formula (OH)2AlC7H5O3.
Example 2.The procedure of Example 1 is followed precisely except that the salicylic acid is replaced by 180 parts by weight of USP acetylsalicylic acid. The product is similar in its properties, but amounts to 240 parts by weight and conta ns 11.2% of aluminum, corresponding to the formula (OH)2A1C9H704- In the above examples ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol have been specified as the organic solvent. It will be understood, however, that tertiary butyl alcohol and 1,4-dioxane may be substituted for the alcohols specified for the same relative volumes as given in the examples. Likewise, either methanol or acetone may be used in place of the organic solvents specified in the examples. It is intended that these substitutions of organic solvents should be considered as defining separate examples in which the remaining portions of Example 1 wouldbe repeated. Repetition of the example has been avoided in order to avoid undue extension of this specification.
In addition to the lower aliphatic alcohol or alicyclic ether, or acetone, the process of the present invention may be practised by substituting for these organic solvents a water-miscible aliphatic ether selected from the ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol. Specific examples of suitable water miscible ethers are ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
Having thus described our invention, we claim:
1. The process of producing basic aluminum acylated salicylates by means of boiling a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone.
2. The process of producing dihydroxy aluminum acetylsalicylate comprising the step of boiling acetylsalicylic acid with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4- dioxane and acetone.
3. The process of producing dihydroxy aluminum sal icylsalicylate comprising the step of boiling salicylsalicylic acid with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4- dioxane and acetone.
4. The process of producing dihydroxy aluminum salicylate ethyl carbonate comprising the step of boiling salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone.
5. The process of producing basic aluminum salicylates comprising the step of boiling a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of a liquid, water miscible organic solvent consisting of a monohydric alcohol containing from one to four carbon atoms.
6. A process of producing basic aluminum salicylates comprising boiling a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate with a dilute suspension of freshly precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of ethyl alcohol.
7. In a process for producing basic aluminum salicylates, the steps comprising adding a water miscible organic liquid selected from the group comprising the lower aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ethers, 1,4-dioxane and acetone to about an equal volume of a suspension of aluminum hydroxide, adding a physiologically active acylated salicylic compound containing a free carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acetylsalicylic acid, salcylsalicylic acid and salicyl ethyl carbonate to said mixture, boiling the mixture thus obtained until a slurry is formed, cooling the slurry and removing the mother liquor and recovering the desired product from the residue.
8. The process of producing dihydroxy aluminum acetylsalicylate comprising the step of boiling acetylsalicylic acid with a dilute suspension of precipitated aluminum hydroxide and about an equal volume of ethyl alcohol.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,447,501 Altwegg- Mar. 6, 1923 1,967,649 Wolf July 24, 1934 2,698,332 Beekman Dec. 28, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 505,463 Canada Aug. 31, 1954 OTHER REFERENCES Skellon et al.: J. Appl. Chem. (London), June 5, 1955, pp. 245-250.
Claims (1)
1. THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING BASIC ALUMINUM ACYLATED SALICYLATED BY MEAND OF BOILING A PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ACYLATED SALICYLIC COMPOUND CONTAINING A FREE CRBOXYL GROUP SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING A ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID, SALICYLSALICYLIC ACID AND SALICYL ETHYL CARBOBATE WITH A DILUTE SUPSENSION OF PRECIPITATED ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE AND ABOUT AN EQUAL VOLUME OF A WATER MISCIBLE ORGANIC LIQUID SELECTED FROM THE GORUP CONSISITING OF LOWER ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS, ALIPHATIC ETHERS, 1,4-DIOXANE AND ACETONE.
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US535732A US2918485A (en) | 1955-09-21 | 1955-09-21 | Dihydroxy aluminum salicylates |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3352893A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1967-11-14 | Chatten Drug & Chem Co | Method of producing hydroxy aluminum disalicylate |
US3492329A (en) * | 1959-04-13 | 1970-01-27 | Hardman & Holden Ltd | Process for making poly oxo aluminum salicylates |
US3980685A (en) * | 1974-08-23 | 1976-09-14 | Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Magnesium-aluminum containing complexes of organic anions of central nervous system affecting compounds |
US4294819A (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1981-10-13 | Bristol-Myers Company | Alkaline analgesic capsule |
US4339428A (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1982-07-13 | Bristol-Myers Company | Capsule product containing high dosage of aspirin in powder or granulated form and alkaline tablet or pellet comprising magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and a magnesium dry component |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1447501A (en) * | 1921-08-04 | 1923-03-06 | Ste Chim Usines Rhone | Process for the preparation of basic salicylate of aluminum |
US1967649A (en) * | 1931-04-15 | 1934-07-24 | Firm Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegy | Tasteless basic aluminum acetylsalicylate and method for producing same |
CA505463A (en) * | 1954-08-31 | S. Delmar Geza | Process for the preparation of basic aluminum salts | |
US2698332A (en) * | 1951-04-20 | 1954-12-28 | Reheis Company Inc | Aspirin derivative and method of making |
-
1955
- 1955-09-21 US US535732A patent/US2918485A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA505463A (en) * | 1954-08-31 | S. Delmar Geza | Process for the preparation of basic aluminum salts | |
US1447501A (en) * | 1921-08-04 | 1923-03-06 | Ste Chim Usines Rhone | Process for the preparation of basic salicylate of aluminum |
US1967649A (en) * | 1931-04-15 | 1934-07-24 | Firm Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegy | Tasteless basic aluminum acetylsalicylate and method for producing same |
US2698332A (en) * | 1951-04-20 | 1954-12-28 | Reheis Company Inc | Aspirin derivative and method of making |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3492329A (en) * | 1959-04-13 | 1970-01-27 | Hardman & Holden Ltd | Process for making poly oxo aluminum salicylates |
US3352893A (en) * | 1963-02-13 | 1967-11-14 | Chatten Drug & Chem Co | Method of producing hydroxy aluminum disalicylate |
US3980685A (en) * | 1974-08-23 | 1976-09-14 | Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Magnesium-aluminum containing complexes of organic anions of central nervous system affecting compounds |
US4294819A (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1981-10-13 | Bristol-Myers Company | Alkaline analgesic capsule |
US4339428A (en) * | 1980-08-18 | 1982-07-13 | Bristol-Myers Company | Capsule product containing high dosage of aspirin in powder or granulated form and alkaline tablet or pellet comprising magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and a magnesium dry component |
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