US2918316A - Collet for variable pitch propeller hub - Google Patents

Collet for variable pitch propeller hub Download PDF

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Publication number
US2918316A
US2918316A US674330A US67433057A US2918316A US 2918316 A US2918316 A US 2918316A US 674330 A US674330 A US 674330A US 67433057 A US67433057 A US 67433057A US 2918316 A US2918316 A US 2918316A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
collet
inner ply
yarns
outer plies
variable pitch
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US674330A
Inventor
Leslie A Runton
Henry C Morton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Russell Manufacturing Co
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Russell Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Russell Manufacturing Co filed Critical Russell Manufacturing Co
Priority to US674330A priority Critical patent/US2918316A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2918316A publication Critical patent/US2918316A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/02—Hub construction
    • B64C11/04—Blade mountings
    • B64C11/06—Blade mountings for variable-pitch blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/28—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with embedded reinforcements shaped as frames or meshed materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/43—Aeroplanes; Helicopters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00—Pumps
    • Y10S417/01—Materials digest

Definitions

  • This invention relates to propeller collets and more particularly to collets for securing and centering the hubs of variable pitch airplane propellers.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a collet of the above type having novel and improved characteristics.
  • Another object is to provide a collet of the above type having improved wearing qualities.
  • Another object is to provide a collet of the above type which in use does not tend to score or injure the propeller shaft.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a collet embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the collet before molding
  • Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the collet before molding
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a detail view of the fabric plies from which the collet is formed.
  • Fig. 6 is a detail view of a portion of a variable pitch propeller assembly illustrating the use of the collets.
  • the collet 10 (Fig. 1) is composed of a plurality of plies 11 (Figs. 2 to 5) of woven fabric web having warp yarns 9 running circuinferentially and filler yarns 8.
  • the yarns may consist of asbestos, cotton, spun Dacron (a condensation product of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid), nylon, Orlon (a polyacrylonitrile) linen, jute, or the like, or other material capable of bonding to an impregnant.
  • the yarns are preferably composed of asbestos.
  • the warp yarn 9 of the inner ply 11 may be composed of multifilament Teflon (tetrafluorethylene) which has a low coefiicient of friction and has practically no cold flow even under high pressures.
  • the plies 11 may be composed of sections of seamless tubes or sleeves or may comprise strips wound around a core into cylindrical form. If the plies 11 are composed of strip material the joints are staggered for strength.
  • the laminated fabric may be impregnated with a high strength phenolic bonding resin derived from the reaction product of phenol, cresol or a homologue with formaldehyde under controlled conditions.
  • the width of the various plies may be selected to conform generally to the shape of the finished product so as to facilitate the molding operation.
  • the inner plies 11 are somewhat wider than the outer plies.
  • the plied fabric is first impregnated with the uncured bonding resin as above described.
  • the impregnated ring is placed in a mold and molded under heat and pressure into the desired finished form, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the conversion of the resin into a thermoset form may be accomplished at a temperature of 300 F. to 350 F. for from thirty to sixty minutes at pressures of 10 tons to tons, depending upon the area of the object being molded.
  • the finished collet 10 is shown in Fig. 1 as having cylindrical inner and outer surfaces.
  • the outer cylindrical surface in part is chamfered forming a frusto-conical cone.
  • Other contours may be formed according to the end use of the product.
  • the bonding resin is not capable of bonding to the Teflon yarn. However, it bonds to the filler yarns 8 and to the yarns of the inner plies to form a rigidly bonded unit wherein the Teflon is held in place mechanically.
  • Teflon yarn Since the Teflon yarn is held in position both mechanically by the interwoven yarns and by the bonding agent, it will not deform or creep under heavy pressures thus greatly extending the useful life of the collet.
  • Fig. 6 shows the application of the collets 10 to a conventional type variable pitch propeller assembly for airplanes.
  • a shaft 20 which is driven by the motor (not shown) carries a hub member 21 which is connected thereto by splines.
  • the hub 21 is provided with the usual number of sockets 23 in which propeller blades 24 are seated.
  • the blades 24 are shown as provided at their innermost ends with radial flanges 25 which are engaged by a split housing 26 for securing the blades in place.
  • the split housing 26 is secured by internal threads 27 to a rotating housing 28 carried on the shaft 20.
  • the hub 21 is provided with spaced recesses 30 in which collets 10 are secured by means of ring nuts 31.
  • the collets 10 serve as centering and supporting elements to center the hub with respect to the shaft and to take up vibration.
  • the ring nuts 31 may be secured by a lock nut 32 and the assembly held in fixed position by a snap ring 33.
  • a housing 34 which extends over the forward end of the shaft 20 to house the variable pitch control motor (not shown) is secured in place by the forward snap ring 33, which also keeps the ring nut 31 in place against collet 10.
  • variable pitch propeller mechanism it is understood that a particular type of variable pitch propeller mechanism has been shown for purposes of illustration and that the collets 10 may be used as centering or packing rings with any of the standard types of variable pitch propellers wherever such centering rings are normally required.
  • a bearing member comprising a collet having a frustoconical periphery, said collect comprising an inner ply and at least two outer plies, said inner ply being of greater width than said outer plies, said inner ply being a fabric web in which the warp consists essentially of multifilament Teflon yarns and the filler of yarns of a resin bondable material, said outer plies being fabric webs in which both the warp yarns and the filler yarns are composed of a resin bondable material, and the inner ply and the outer plies being joined together by a cured thermosetting bonding resin which impregnates both the inner ply and the outer plies with the Teflon yarn of the inner ply being embedded in a held by the bonding resin and by the filler yarns of resin bendable material, the Teflon References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 6 Whitehouse Dec.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Description

Dec. 22, 1959 A, RUNTON m1 2,918,316
CQLLET FOR VARIABLE PITCH PROPELLER HUB Filed July 26, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 &2.
1: 11 I 1' @4. g: H
lNVE/V 70/?5 LEsL /E A. Ems/7'0 HEN/P Y 'C. MOIETO/V By W Dec. 22, 1959 A. RUNTON ETAL 2,918,316
comm FOR VARIABLE PITCH PROPELLER HUB Filed July 26, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 nvvEwTORS LESL/E A. Pc/NT 2/ Hf/VE y. C. N019 70A/ ATTORNEY United States Patent COLLET FOR VARIABLE PITCH PROPELLER HUB Leslie A. Runton, Middle Haddam, and Henry C. Morton, Branford, Conn., assignors to The Russell Manufacturin Company, Middletown, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application July 26, 1957, Serial No. 674,330
1 Claim. (Cl. 288--17) This invention relates to propeller collets and more particularly to collets for securing and centering the hubs of variable pitch airplane propellers.
An object of the invention is to provide a collet of the above type having novel and improved characteristics.
Another object is to provide a collet of the above type having improved wearing qualities.
Another object is to provide a collet of the above type which in use does not tend to score or injure the propeller shaft.
Various other objects and advantages will be apparent as the nature of the invention is more fully disclosed.
The nature of the invention will be better understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which a specific embodiment has been set forth for purposes of illustration.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a collet embodying the invention;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the collet before molding;
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the collet before molding;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a detail view of the fabric plies from which the collet is formed; and
Fig. 6 is a detail view of a portion of a variable pitch propeller assembly illustrating the use of the collets.
Referring to the drawings more in detail the collet 10 (Fig. 1) is composed of a plurality of plies 11 (Figs. 2 to 5) of woven fabric web having warp yarns 9 running circuinferentially and filler yarns 8. The yarns may consist of asbestos, cotton, spun Dacron (a condensation product of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid), nylon, Orlon (a polyacrylonitrile) linen, jute, or the like, or other material capable of bonding to an impregnant. In order to withstand high temperatures the yarns are preferably composed of asbestos. However, the warp yarn 9 of the inner ply 11 may be composed of multifilament Teflon (tetrafluorethylene) which has a low coefiicient of friction and has practically no cold flow even under high pressures.
The plies 11 may be composed of sections of seamless tubes or sleeves or may comprise strips wound around a core into cylindrical form. If the plies 11 are composed of strip material the joints are staggered for strength.
The laminated fabric may be impregnated with a high strength phenolic bonding resin derived from the reaction product of phenol, cresol or a homologue with formaldehyde under controlled conditions.
The width of the various plies may be selected to conform generally to the shape of the finished product so as to facilitate the molding operation. In the form shown the inner plies 11 are somewhat wider than the outer plies.
The plied fabric is first impregnated with the uncured bonding resin as above described. The treated base 2,918,316 Patented Dec. 22,1959
ice,
polymerized until a residual volatile content of 5% to 7% is attained.
After assembly of. the treated fabric into a preform, the impregnated ring is placed in a mold and molded under heat and pressure into the desired finished form, as shown in Fig. 1. The conversion of the resin into a thermoset form may be accomplished at a temperature of 300 F. to 350 F. for from thirty to sixty minutes at pressures of 10 tons to tons, depending upon the area of the object being molded.
The finished collet 10 is shown in Fig. 1 as having cylindrical inner and outer surfaces. The outer cylindrical surface in part is chamfered forming a frusto-conical cone. Other contours may be formed according to the end use of the product.
The bonding resin is not capable of bonding to the Teflon yarn. However, it bonds to the filler yarns 8 and to the yarns of the inner plies to form a rigidly bonded unit wherein the Teflon is held in place mechanically.
Since the Teflon yarn is held in position both mechanically by the interwoven yarns and by the bonding agent, it will not deform or creep under heavy pressures thus greatly extending the useful life of the collet.
Fig. 6 shows the application of the collets 10 to a conventional type variable pitch propeller assembly for airplanes.
Referring more particularly to Fig. 6, a shaft 20 which is driven by the motor (not shown) carries a hub member 21 which is connected thereto by splines. The hub 21 is provided with the usual number of sockets 23 in which propeller blades 24 are seated. The blades 24 are shown as provided at their innermost ends with radial flanges 25 which are engaged by a split housing 26 for securing the blades in place. The split housing 26 is secured by internal threads 27 to a rotating housing 28 carried on the shaft 20.
The hub 21 is provided with spaced recesses 30 in which collets 10 are secured by means of ring nuts 31. The collets 10 serve as centering and supporting elements to center the hub with respect to the shaft and to take up vibration. The ring nuts 31 may be secured by a lock nut 32 and the assembly held in fixed position by a snap ring 33. A housing 34 which extends over the forward end of the shaft 20 to house the variable pitch control motor (not shown) is secured in place by the forward snap ring 33, which also keeps the ring nut 31 in place against collet 10.
It is understood that a particular type of variable pitch propeller mechanism has been shown for purposes of illustration and that the collets 10 may be used as centering or packing rings with any of the standard types of variable pitch propellers wherever such centering rings are normally required.
What is claimed is:
A bearing member comprising a collet having a frustoconical periphery, said collect comprising an inner ply and at least two outer plies, said inner ply being of greater width than said outer plies, said inner ply being a fabric web in which the warp consists essentially of multifilament Teflon yarns and the filler of yarns of a resin bondable material, said outer plies being fabric webs in which both the warp yarns and the filler yarns are composed of a resin bondable material, and the inner ply and the outer plies being joined together by a cured thermosetting bonding resin which impregnates both the inner ply and the outer plies with the Teflon yarn of the inner ply being embedded in a held by the bonding resin and by the filler yarns of resin bendable material, the Teflon References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 6 Whitehouse Dec. 17, 1901 Craig lune 26, 1928 Geil July 7, 1936 Fedden Feb. 14, 1939 Fields Dec. 14, 1948 4 Hacket hal Nov. 8,1949 Henry May 19, 1953 Riopelle June 16, 1953 Richards Jan. 17, 1956 Wekman Aug. 28, 1956 White Sept. 3, 1957 White May 20, 1958 OTHER REFERENCES Plastics, July 1946, pages 32, 34, and 97 relied upon.

Claims (1)

1. A BEARING MEMBER COMPRISING A COLLECT HAVING A FRUSTOCONCIAL PERIPHERY, SAID COLLECT, COMPRISING AN INNER PLY AND AT LEAST TWO OUTER PLIES, SAID INNER PLY BEING OF FABRIC WIDTH THAN SAID OUTER PLIES, SAID INNER PLY BEING A FABRIC WEB IN WHICH THE WRAP CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF MULTIFILAMENT TEFLON YARNS AND THE FILLER OF YARNS OF A RESIN BONDABLE MATERIAL, SAID OUTER PLIES BEING FABRIC WEBS IN WHICH BOTH THE WRAP YARNS AND THE INNER PLY AND THE OF A RESIN BONDABLE MATERIAL, AND THE INNER PLY AND THE OUTER PLIES BEING JOINED TOGETHER BY A CURED THERMOSETTING BONDING RESIN WHICH IMPREGNATES BOTH THE INNER PLY AND THE OUTER PLIES WITH THE TEFLON YARN OF THE INNER PLY BEING EMBEDDED IN A HELD BY THE BONDING RESIN AND BY THE FILLER YARNS OF RESIN BONDABLE MATERIAL, THE TEFLON YARN ON THE INNER SURFACE OF TH COLLECT BEING EXPOSED TO CONSTITUTE THE BEARING SURFACE OF THE COLLET.
US674330A 1957-07-26 1957-07-26 Collet for variable pitch propeller hub Expired - Lifetime US2918316A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3000846A (en) * 1957-11-19 1961-09-19 Russell Mfg Co High temperature molded fabric packing gland
US4863352A (en) * 1984-11-02 1989-09-05 General Electric Company Blade carrying means
US5108259A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-04-28 General Electric Company Flexible connector for use in aircraft

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US689264A (en) * 1901-03-01 1901-12-17 Arthur Edward Whitehouse Device for fastening collars, pulleys, or the like on shafts or mandrels.
US1674889A (en) * 1927-05-18 1928-06-26 Craig William Talbot Collar
US2046817A (en) * 1933-07-25 1936-07-07 American Lurgi Corp Aeronautical propeller
US2147336A (en) * 1937-04-22 1939-02-14 Rotol Airscrews Ltd Air screw for aircraft
US2456262A (en) * 1946-03-29 1948-12-14 Du Pont Fabrication of polytetrafluoroethylene articles
US2487127A (en) * 1946-06-28 1949-11-08 Koppers Co Inc Propeller construction
US2638761A (en) * 1950-01-23 1953-05-19 Arthur L Henry Fan hub
US2641910A (en) * 1948-11-05 1953-06-16 Morse Chain Co Flexible mounting for propeller fans
US2731068A (en) * 1950-09-23 1956-01-17 Du Pont Tetrafluoroethylene polymer bonded heat-resistant fabric
US2760800A (en) * 1951-12-19 1956-08-28 Stephen N Wekeman Multi-purposed collar for shafts
US2804886A (en) * 1955-11-04 1957-09-03 Charles S White Low friction fabric material
US2835521A (en) * 1953-12-08 1958-05-20 Charles S White Ball joint bearing structure

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US689264A (en) * 1901-03-01 1901-12-17 Arthur Edward Whitehouse Device for fastening collars, pulleys, or the like on shafts or mandrels.
US1674889A (en) * 1927-05-18 1928-06-26 Craig William Talbot Collar
US2046817A (en) * 1933-07-25 1936-07-07 American Lurgi Corp Aeronautical propeller
US2147336A (en) * 1937-04-22 1939-02-14 Rotol Airscrews Ltd Air screw for aircraft
US2456262A (en) * 1946-03-29 1948-12-14 Du Pont Fabrication of polytetrafluoroethylene articles
US2487127A (en) * 1946-06-28 1949-11-08 Koppers Co Inc Propeller construction
US2641910A (en) * 1948-11-05 1953-06-16 Morse Chain Co Flexible mounting for propeller fans
US2638761A (en) * 1950-01-23 1953-05-19 Arthur L Henry Fan hub
US2731068A (en) * 1950-09-23 1956-01-17 Du Pont Tetrafluoroethylene polymer bonded heat-resistant fabric
US2760800A (en) * 1951-12-19 1956-08-28 Stephen N Wekeman Multi-purposed collar for shafts
US2835521A (en) * 1953-12-08 1958-05-20 Charles S White Ball joint bearing structure
US2804886A (en) * 1955-11-04 1957-09-03 Charles S White Low friction fabric material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3000846A (en) * 1957-11-19 1961-09-19 Russell Mfg Co High temperature molded fabric packing gland
US4863352A (en) * 1984-11-02 1989-09-05 General Electric Company Blade carrying means
US5108259A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-04-28 General Electric Company Flexible connector for use in aircraft

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