US291367A - luckenbach - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3Sheets-Sheet 1.

I I. A. LUCKENBAOH, APPARATUS FORPULVERIZING 0338, 6:0.

N0. 291,367, Patented Jan. 1, 1884.

INVENTOR a'MOEM/MMZWA WITNESSES: W' FM T 'BY f4 ATTORNEY A 1 (No Model.) 3$h eets-Sheet 2.

I. A. LUGKBNBAGH. APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING ORES, &(

' NO. 291,367. Patented Jan. 1, 11 884.

WITNESSES: I INVENTOR M 2% A BY f wwwwz I A ATTORNEY (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P. A. LUOKENBAOH.

APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING 0113s, 1%.-

Patented Jan. 1, 1884.

liiorne' u PEYERS. Piluwl-khogmvhe vmmm. u. c.

Sam-S ATENT Fries,

FREDERIO LUCKENBAOH, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS F R PUILVERIJZINGO RES, 8w.

Qtrncrrrcarrcri forming part of Let ters Patent No. 291,367, dated January 1, 1884.

Application filed June 15, 1883. No model.)

iball whom it may concern:-

Be it knowntliat I, Fannnmo A. LUCKEN- BACH, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for PulverizingDres and Other Substances, of which the following is'aspecification. i 3

My invention relates to improvements upon apparatus for pulverizing ores and other substances by concussion or impact of said substanees, when carried in a current or opposing currents of superheated steam, compressed air, water, or other aeriform fluids, under suitable pressure, to a focal or central point.

The said invention consists, in the main of improvementsupon a former invention for a similar pu rpose, shown and described in Letters Patent of the United States granted February 22,;1881,No. 238,044. Inthe said formerinvention there were certain tubes through which the ores or other substances to be pulverized were drawn ori'orced by steam or other fluid; and these tubeswere so arranged that the op posing currents of material would be driven against one another, and the tubes through which the steam or fluid passed formed an annular opening aroundthe central supply-tube, through which the material was drawn,the steam from the annular opening drawing the material from the, central supplyinto its current and forcing itinto a wearing-tube, from whichit was discharged to meet'the opposing current. It has been found in practice that these tubes are difficult to adjust, and that whenworn out hythe abrasion of the ores the expense of replacing them is very great; and it I has been found that the distance between the' nozzles of these steam or air tubes and the point of impact was too great, thereby weakening the forceot" the current, and that the passage of the steam or other fluids through annular nozzles weakened the force of the steamfby friction, and such annular nozzles were diiiicult to construct with accuracy; and it was also found that the means employed for discharging the pulverized material and the exhaust-steam, air, or other gases were imperfec't,- f

The objectsof this invention are to remedy these: detects first, by providing an i- 1n;

proved arrangement and form of thetubesand nozzles for discharging the steam andores, by which their length may be more readily adjusted, and the working made more efficient; second, by providing improved wearing: parts for the tubes, which can be easily removed and more cheaply constructed; third, by providing an improved exhaustextension connected withthe pulverizingchamber. I accomplish these objects by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 represents a central verticalfront section, partly in elevation, of my improyed apparatus; Fig. 2, a central vertical side see tion of the same, with parts in elevation and Figs. 3, at, and 5 showenlargedviews of;de I'tZtilS. i

, imilar letters refer to similar parts through out the several views. I u d j X X represent the framework of themachine; P, the main hopper for the oreor other material to be pulverized, and D" D the sec-' ondary hoppers supplied by the two branches of the main hopper. D D are orechambers at the bottoms of said hoppers.- V y B is the, main supply-pipe for the superheated steam or other fluid, having two branches, A A, which should be made with as few angles as possible. y

Eis the pulverizing-chamber, into which open the wearing conducting -tubes E E, through which the steam or other fluid and the ores or other material to be pulverized are discharged together, as in said former patent.

, O 0 represent adjustable nozzles, having reduced openings G G, screwed into their 6X3 tremities. These nozzles are attached to the supply-pipes A A, and form their disoharging ends and project toward one anotherthrough the charging ore-chambers D D, which chambers forn the bottoms of the. hoppers D D. The discharge of steam from the nozzles O 0 draws thegranulated ores fromthe chambersD D, and chiefly from the upper part of said chambers, and draws them into the pipes E E. These chambers D D, I prefer to have annular and completely surrounding the nozzles O 0, so that their lower parts form aisort of; pocket below those nozzles, as shown 'n Fig. 1,111 which theheavier particles of the granulated material (which might close the pipes E E) naturally gravitate and are retained in said pockets, from which they may be drawn in any convenient manner. These chambers D D may, however, be formed so as to surround onlythe upper portions of the nozzles O O, the bottom pockets being omitted. The nozzles O O, with reduced ends, extend into said chargingchambers D D, and terminate near the inner ends of the tubesE E, which correspond with the tubes A A of said former patent. The exteriors of the nozzles are preferably made tapering toward their exit ends, so that the passage of the granulated substances toward the pipes E E may be facilitated, and at the end of each of these nozzles O O is a reduced cylindrical passage, 9, forming a small aperture for the passage of the jet of steam or other fluid. Instead of being tapering throughout their length and formed of one piece of metal, the parts 0 0 may be formed of a straight piece of pipe, with a small nozzle having a reduced opening screwed to their ends. The size and form of the inner construction of the apertures at the ends of the nozzles 0 may be varied to suit gspecial requirements, so long as it constitutes, 5 essentially, a pipe of reduced size; but the size which has proved the most effectual for general purposes is a cylindrical opening fivesixteenths of an inch long by fivethirty-scconds of an inch in diameter. The form of nozzle shown in the drawings, and herein described, gives greater force to the current, with much more economy of the power employed, together with simplicity of construction and ease of adjustment. The interior of the nozzle may be formed tapering up to the small aperture at the extremity; but when working with superheated steam or compressed air under a pressure of one hundred and fifty or two hundred pounds to the square inch, the inside end of thetubes forming the nozzles O 0 should preferably be made as shown inthe drawings, as there is less friction produced with this construction. The nozzles O O are adjustable in their length by one or more loose rings, 00, thatmay be packed behind them at the points where they are screwed into the backs of the chambers D, the nozzles themselves being formed to be turned by a wrench within the chambers DD by removing the hoppers D D. By this means they may be brought nearer to or farther from the pipes E E, as the case may require.

The pipes E E are composed of hard metal,

Q preferably cast upon a chill, and are preferably joined to the charging-chambers D D by the bushings H H, in which they are suitably secured by the screws V, and they open into said chambers D D with conical or flaring mouths, into which the ore and steam easily pass. The inner diameter of these tubes is such that whether steam or air is discharged from the nozzles C O the force and expansion atmospheric pressure within the tubes E E, which causes a partial vacuum within the charging-chambers D D, and draws the ores or granulated substances into the tubes E E. I prefer to use the bushings H H to hold the tubes E E, because those tubes are the only parts subjected to wear; and by making them separate from the bushings they may be removed, when worn out, without throwing away any great amount of material. The bushings H H are made to taper at the ends toward the nozzles G G, as shown in the drawing, Fig. 1, so that their inner ends form parts of the sides of the conical chambers D D, and thus suitable space is left around the nozzles O O for the passage of the granulated substances into the conducting-tubes E E. The bushings H H are removable, and are held in place by screws H H, passing through projections east upon the sides of the pulverizing-chamber F, as shown. This feature of the removable bushings and pipes E E is of great advantage, as it allows the wearing parts of the apparatus to be made of much less weight. The bushings H H may, however, be dispensed with, though with less economy, by making the tubes E E much thicker, and attaching them directly to the sides of the pulverizing-chamber F by the screws H; The tubes E E are provided with flanges E at the discharging ends, which overlap the bushings H H and prevent their abra-.

sion by stray particles. I have found the best distance from the discharging ends of the tubes E E to the point of impact to be about an inch and a half, and that the best distance from the nozzles O O to the point of impact is about from four to five inches, though I do not confine myself to any particular distances.

In the patent issued, as above stated. the means employed for discharging the pulverized material and the exhaust-steam, air, or other gases from the pulverizing-chamber F were imperfect. The present improved apparatus renders this important part simple and effectual. It consists of an exhaust-extension part, F, at the top of the chamber F, with a steam or air jet exhauster, I, consisting of a suitable chamber, F connected with the chamber F by a pipe or in any other suitable manner, in which chamber F is a jet-pipe, I, provided with a small nozzle, 1, which pipe, being supplied with a suitable fluid under pressure, draws up or exhausts from the apparatus the finely-pulverized substances, together with the exhaust-steam, air, or other gases employed, depositing the finely-pulverized material into a suitable chamber, T, provided with screen U, outlet S, and suitable discharge-hopper valves. When superheated steamer other dry fluid is used, the jet-exhauster I should also be supplied with the 1 same fluid. An opening, J, under the pulverizing-chamber allows the coarser pulverized substances to fall orpass throughinto a conductingspout', K, leading to suitable reof the currents are sufficient to displacev the ceptacles for bolting and sizing the materials.

wet steam to pass through when required-as paratus.

ing or closing escape-pipeL and exhaust-ex- A steam-escape pipe, I, is provided to allow occurs by condensation whenstarting the ap- A damper, M, provides .for opentension part F, whenlreq'uired. The pulverizing-chamber F is provided with a suitable opening for obtaining easy access to the wear ingand removable parts of the apparatus, ,which is provided with a cover, N, a dischargeregulator, B, Fig. 2, suitably arranged in opening J, and made adjustable by a setscrew provided for a free discharge of material, and prevents an excess of air being drawn into the pulveriZing-chamber F.

. The improved apparatus,havingtwoopposing current pipes or nozzles, O O, and charging-chambers D D, can easily and quickly allel with each other, and one or all arranged to d scharge their currents against a solid substance, instead of against an opposing current. This can be accomplished in the opposing current apparatus by removing one nozzle and inserting in its place a tight fitting plug to close the steam or air current from discharging on that side,and by dispensing with one bushing H and tube E and inserting in their place a solid plug or bushing for the one current to be discharged against. This arrangement ofcurrents and impact may be adopted for pulverizing soft or easily-friable substances having no hard or gritty character that will abrade or wear the solid bushing or impact base; but it is not adapted nor economical for ores or other hard minerals,on

account of the great wear and destruction of the impact base.

In the practical working of the improved apparatus, it is very essential that the steam or other compressed gases employed should be introduced into the apparatus in a thoroughly dry condition, in order to prevent any i moisture upon the substances during the time of their passage through the process of pulverization and sizing. This important requirement is accomplished successfully and economically by employing suitably constructed superheating apparatus, which is suitably arranged in connection with the improved apparatus and asteam-generator. The superheating apparatus may be placed direct-ly Within a suitable part of the steam-generator, or it may be constructed and arranged separately with suitable connections by pipes and valves between the generator and the pulverizing apparatus. The temperature of the superheated steam may be varied according to the requirements. For simply pulverizing purposes, 600 to 700 Fahrenheit is sufficient to render the pulverized substances drywhen discharged from the apparatus. A

jet-exhauster I into suitable receptacles.

much higher temperature is required when it is desired to effector partially volatilize and eliminate sulphur, arsenic, antimony, 8m. Suitable non-conducting coverings should be provided for the supply-pipes B and A A to retain theheat. The operation of my said invention is as followszThe hopper P, and from it thesecondary hoppers D D and the chambers D D, i

being filled with the ore or other material to be pulverized,suitably granulated to allow its passage through the apparatus, and the supply-pipe B being connected with the source from which is obtained the superheated steam 8o 1 or compressed air or other fluid, the steam or.

fluid will then pass through the branch pipes A A,-and be discharged through the nozzles O 0 into and through the chambers D D, and

directly into and through the pipes E E, -creating a partial vacuum. in the said chambers D D, and drawing into the current of fluid in the pipes E E the granulated material from the said chambers DD. The said material is then discharged by thcforce of the opening J, and thence into the conducting spout K, leading to suitable receptacles, while the lighter particles will be carried into the exhaust-extension F, and thence through the The coarser particles can, if desired, be passed through the apparatus more than once, in order still further to pulverize them.

That which .I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- V 1. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the chamber D, nozzle 0, and wearingpipe E, having flange E, constructed and arranged substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the chamber D, nozzle 0, wearing-pipe E, and bushing H, substantially as described.

3. The combination. in a pulverizer, of the chamber F, chambers D, nozzles O, wearing. pipes E E, and bushings H H, substantially as described.

4:. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the chamber F, wearing-pipes E E, having flanges E, and chambers D D, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the chamber F, wearingtubes E E, chambers D D, and adjustable steamaiozzles 0 ),"substantially as described.

'6. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the chambers D and F, communicating with each other, and an adjustable steam-nozzle, 0;, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the steam-nozzle O, with removable reduced opening G, the tapering chamber D, and pulverizing chamber F, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the IIO chamber D,lsteam pipe A, and adjustable steam-nozzle O, substantially as described.

9. In a pulverizer, and in combination with the pulverizing-chamber F, the chamber D,

5 the steam-nozzle O, and the jet-exhaust apparatus constructed and arranged to draw the pulverized material, exhaust-steam, &c.,

from said chamber, substantially as described. l

10. The combination, in a pulverizer, of the removable bushings H H and Wearing-pipes to E E, substantially as described.

FREDERIG A. LUOKENBAOH.

In presence of 0. XVYLLYs BETTs, J OSEPH H. MARVIN.

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