US2912618A - Circuit arrangement in radar receivers for controlling the deflection of the cathode-rays in cathode-ray tube indicators - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement in radar receivers for controlling the deflection of the cathode-rays in cathode-ray tube indicators Download PDF

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Publication number
US2912618A
US2912618A US778459A US77845958A US2912618A US 2912618 A US2912618 A US 2912618A US 778459 A US778459 A US 778459A US 77845958 A US77845958 A US 77845958A US 2912618 A US2912618 A US 2912618A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
deflection
voltage
valves
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US778459A
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English (en)
Inventor
Comte Corstiaan Le
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US2912618A publication Critical patent/US2912618A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
    • H03K4/06—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape
    • H03K4/08—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape
    • H03K4/10—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only
    • H03K4/26—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor
    • H03K4/28—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor using a tube operating as a switching device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/04—Display arrangements
    • G01S7/06—Cathode-ray tube displays or other two dimensional or three-dimensional displays

Definitions

  • This invention relates to circuit arrangements in radar receivers for controlling the deflection of the cathode-rays in cathode-ray tube indicators.
  • the arrangement is such that two ends of a deflector coil are connected to the anodes of two control valves, a tapping on the deflector coil being connected to an anode voltage supply source.
  • the beam can be adjusted to a definite rest position, which may correspond to the centre of the radar image but alternatively may be situated without the display screen.
  • the efiective time during which the saw-tooth voltage is set up is only a slight fraction of the repetition period so that the beam is in the rest position for the major part of the time.
  • This arrangement has a limitation in that the dissipation of one or both valves is comparatively large, particularly if the rest position of the beam lies without the display screen, and increases in proportion as the active deflection period is shorter. For deflecting the beam to the screen edge a certain current is required. For maintaining the rest current a low anode voltage would be sufficient. However, during the deflection a comparatively high induction voltage is produced across the deflector coil. Since the effective anode voltage of the valves must remain positive with respect to the cathode during deflection, the voltage of the supply source must be comparatively high, so that a considerable dissipation can occur in the valves.
  • the anodes of the valves are connected to the anodes of two normally cut off auxiliary valves the cathodes of which are connected to a supply source, the voltage of which is lower than that set up at the cathodes of the first-mentioned valves.
  • the auxiliary valves which consequently have an anode voltage greatly exceeding that of the other valves, are rendered conductive for controlling the deflection.
  • This method has a limitation in that it is diflicult to ensure the linearity of the deflection as a function of time because, owing to the high voltage drop across the deflector coil, the first valves are cut off.
  • several supply voltage sources and two auxiliary valves are required.
  • a tapping on the deflector coil is connected through an inductance coil to the anode voltage supply and to the anode of a normally conducting third valve which is provided with negative feed-back in accordance with the voltage, while during the application of the sawtooth control voltage to the control valves the anodes of which are connected to the ends of the deflector coil, a
  • negative voltage pulse is supplied to a control electrode of the third valve.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a circuit embodying the invention.
  • Figs. 2a, 2b, and 2c are graphs illustrating current and voltage changes in the circuit.
  • S denotes a deflector coil of a cathode-ray tube indicator (not shown) in a radar receiver.
  • the ends of the deflector coil are connected to the anodes of two control valves B1 and B2, the cathodes of which are connected to earth and which preferably are pentodes.
  • the middle of the coil S is connected to the anode voltage supply +Vb through an inductance coil L which for the time being must be assumed to be short-circuited.
  • the control grids of the valves B1 and B2 are connected to a sawtooth generator ZG which periodically is rendered 0perative under the control of pulses supplied by way of a terminal K.
  • the pulse repetition frequency is, say, 2500 p.p.s., so that the duration of a repetition period is 400 micro-seconds. If an indication is to be provided over a rangeof, say, 16 nautical miles, the deflection period must be about 200 micro-seconds, the beam being adjusted to a fixed rest position for the rest of the time. If this rest position lies without the display screen of the cathode-ray tube, the valve B1 at a certain turns number of the deflector coil S must be adjusted during the rest period to a rest current of, say, ma. and the valve B2 to a II in the valve B1 decreases and the current 12 through current of 20 ma. During a deflection period the current the valve B2 increases linearly with time, as is shown in Figure 212.
  • the anode voltage Vb must be volts for a sufficiently high positive anode voltage Va2 to be maintained at the valve B2 during a deflection period.
  • the various currents and Under the conditions described the total dissipation of the valves is about 22 /2 watts.
  • the effective deflection time is about 50 micro-seconds. Since the variation of the control currents must now take place in a period four times as short as in the preceding case, the induction voltage across the coil halves is four times as high, i.e. 400 volts.
  • the anode voltage Vb must consequently be 460 volts for an effective anode voltage of 60 volts to be left for the valve B2 during deflection.
  • the total dissipation of the valves is 75 watts.
  • trol grid being connected through a grid leak resistor R2 to an output of a mono-stable trigger circuit M.
  • the trigger circuit M normally is in a rest position in which there is supplied to the control grid of the valve B3 a voltage such that this valveis conductive.
  • the trigger circuit M By starting pulses, which are applied at a terminal K and periodically render a sawtooth generator ZG operative, the trigger circuit M is also brought in the working condition, a highly negative output voltage of, for example, -SO volts being produced, so that the valve B3 wouldrbe cut off. However, the anode of the valve B3 is connected, through a capacitor C and a leak resistor R1,
  • the sum of the currents through the valves B1 and B2 during the deflection period is equal to the sum of the rest currents, since the current through the valve. B1 is increased by the same amount by which the current through the valve B2 is decreased.
  • the currents must be about equal to the rest value in spite of the negativervoltage which is supplied to the control grid through the resistor R2. Since the control grid voltage 'of the valve B3 also rnust initially remain constant/the voltage drop which would be produced by the output voltage of the monostable trigger circuit M must be compensated for by a sudden voltage increase at the point A.
  • the fly-back time of the trigger circuit M is about equal to the effective deflection time.
  • the current through the inductance coil L again is increased to the initial value under the control of the valve B3.
  • r J e What is claimed is: I l r A circuit arrangement in a radar receiver for controlling the deflection of the cathode-ray in a cathode-ray tube indicator, in which the ends of a deflector coil are connected to the anodes of two push-pull connected control valves and a tapping on the deflector coil is connected to an anode voltage supply source, means being provided for periodically supplying in phase opposition a sawtooth control voltage to the valves, characterized in that the said electrode of the third valve during the application of the saw-tooth controlvoltage to the control valves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
US778459A 1957-12-19 1958-12-05 Circuit arrangement in radar receivers for controlling the deflection of the cathode-rays in cathode-ray tube indicators Expired - Lifetime US2912618A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL223397 1957-12-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2912618A true US2912618A (en) 1959-11-10

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ID=19751065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US778459A Expired - Lifetime US2912618A (en) 1957-12-19 1958-12-05 Circuit arrangement in radar receivers for controlling the deflection of the cathode-rays in cathode-ray tube indicators

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2912618A (sv)
DE (1) DE1092563B (sv)
GB (1) GB908798A (sv)
NL (2) NL223397A (sv)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3337767A (en) * 1963-05-17 1967-08-22 Nouvelles Tech Radioelectrique Circuit arrangement for controlling very rapid deflections of an electron beam in a vacuum tube

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3337767A (en) * 1963-05-17 1967-08-22 Nouvelles Tech Radioelectrique Circuit arrangement for controlling very rapid deflections of an electron beam in a vacuum tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL95321C (sv)
DE1092563B (de) 1960-11-10
NL223397A (sv)
GB908798A (en) 1962-10-24

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