US2908844A - Low noise traveling wave tubes - Google Patents

Low noise traveling wave tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2908844A
US2908844A US220416A US22041651A US2908844A US 2908844 A US2908844 A US 2908844A US 220416 A US220416 A US 220416A US 22041651 A US22041651 A US 22041651A US 2908844 A US2908844 A US 2908844A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wave
noise
section
circuit
electron
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Expired - Lifetime
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US220416A
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English (en)
Inventor
Calvin F Quate
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL91972D priority Critical patent/NL91972C/xx
Priority to BE510578D priority patent/BE510578A/xx
Priority to NL6901150.A priority patent/NL167562B/nl
Priority to US220416A priority patent/US2908844A/en
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to FR1048662D priority patent/FR1048662A/fr
Priority to DEW7656A priority patent/DE966835C/de
Priority to GB7319/52A priority patent/GB730773A/en
Priority to CH301934D priority patent/CH301934A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2908844A publication Critical patent/US2908844A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/11—Means for reducing noise

Definitions

  • ravehng waves Whlch have the characteristics set fr leeihaliove as" characteristic' of those set up" by tiireirgiirin' ciiiniritive interaction te theV beginning cf diecella't'io'r'iv section.
  • this composite wave will act in themanner of a signal input wave applied thereto and will accordingly set up three forward waves, in the manner characteristic of cumulative interaction.
  • the noise components there in the electron stream have the effect of setting up three additional forward traveling waves.
  • the tube characteristics are chosen to provide -at the start of the main section cancellation between the increasing wave component set up by the noise wave which has traversed the preliminary and intermediate sections ⁇ and the increasing wave component of the new noise wave set up originally at this point by the noise fluctuations in the electron stream.
  • the attenuation and phase shift characteristics of the cancellation section are chosen to make these two increasing waves equal in magnitude but opposite in phase.
  • the desired phase shift characteristics of the cancellation section are achieved by making the electrical length of the section relative to the increasing wave component of the noise wave different from the electrical length of the section relative to the noise fluctuations on the electron stream.
  • the invention will be described with particular reference to a noise cancellation arrangement for a helix-type traveling wave tube, although as already pointed out hereinabove the invention can be adapted to provide noise cancellation in other tube types which utilize the cumulative interaction between an electron stream and an electromagnetic wave.
  • the wave transmission circuit comprises a helix continuously and uniformly wound to a pitch which produces a slow wave having an axial velocity in the direction of the electron stream suitable for producing cumulative interaction between the stream and the slow wave.
  • the helix circuit comprises a preliminary and a main section, uniformly wound to the necessary pitch and properly positioned in the path of the electron stream so that cumulative interaction results, and a cancellation section intermediate therewith wherein cumulative interaction is inhibited.
  • a preferred embodiment utilizes a cancellation section in which the helix is wound to a pitch which results in the velocity of the traveling wave in the direction of the electron beam being sufficiently dissimilar to the velocity of the electron stream that there is substantially no cumulative interaction therebetween. The characteristics of this section are chosen to provide the cancellation effects described.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an electric circuit of a kind which can be used in the practice of the invention
  • Figs. 1A through 1E are a series of vector diagrams illustrating at the designated points of the circuit of Fig. 1 the relative magnitude and phase of the noise wave components characteristic of traveling wave tube operation;
  • Figs. 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I and 1K respectively show the corresponding components of a signal Wave
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show, in schematic form, respectively, a traveling wave tube and a magnetron amplifier in each of which there is incorporated a helix-type circuit which has been modified for the practice of the invention;
  • Figs. 4A through 4D show, in schematic form, various modifications possible with helix-type circuits to inhibit cumulative interaction between the electromagnetic wave and the electron stream for the practice of the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows in schematic form a filter type traveling wave tube which can be adapted for the practice of the invention.
  • Figs. 6A through 6D show various modifications possible for adapting a filter type circuit for the practice of the invention.
  • the circuit 10 which for purposes of exposition is shown as a helix, comprises a preliminary section 11 which is adapted to provide cumulative interaction between the traveling wave and the electron stream, an intermediate cancellation section 12 which is adapted to inhibit cumulative interaction so that it serves as a drift section, and a main section 13 which is also adapted for cumulative interaction.
  • An electron gun (not shown in Fig. 1 but shown in Figs. 2 and 3) provides an electron stream which flows parallel to the axis of the helix in coupled relation therewith.
  • the circuit is immersed in a longitudinal magnetic field.
  • the total electric field is composed of two parts; one is associated with carrying radio frequency power along the circuit and is strong near the circuit and the other part results from local space charge within the beam and is strong near the beam.
  • the three waves designated Elb, Ezb, and Eab, corresponding to the waves Ela, Ega, E33, respectively, can be represented by their sum at that point ETb.
  • This wave will be propagated through section 12, being attenuated by the factor a, and having its phase shifted through the angle 03 with respect to a frame of reference moving with electron stream. Therefore, at point c, which is the end of section 12 and the start of the main section 13, the electric field ETc resulting from the noise wave set up at point a will be given by the expression the electric field ETc may be represented as the three Waves Ele, Ezc, and 133e, as shown in Fig. 1C, in phase with the ⁇ field ETC.
  • the noise current qm, and noise velocity vx,c in the electron stream there set up three additional waves Em, Ecz, and ES, of which the first is. they increasing wave, the second the decreasing wave and lthe third is the unatteunated wave.
  • Figs. 1F through 1K correspond respectively, to the diag-rams of Figs. 1A .through 1E which are used to illustrate that noise cancellation can be capturedd without' appreciablev disturbance of the ampl'i'- cation of the input signal.
  • the basic factor that makes noise cancellation independentl of signal amplification is the dissirnilarity in input boundary conditions between the noise and. signal waves.
  • the electric field resulting from .the signalwave is. necessarily equal thereto While signalvelocity. and' current' components have not yet been setup inthe electron stream'.l isin. contrast with the input.
  • FigwZ shows, in schematic form, ahelixztype traveling wave tube in which there is' incorporatedlfa noisel cancellation section of the kind described with reference to Fig. 1 ⁇ .
  • The'travelingwave tube 100) utilizesja.-sl'ozwwaveeelectrie interaction circuit 10 along which is' transmitted an electromagnetic wave supplied Ifrom an input source at point ai at. the'A inp'ut ornpstreanr end of the circuit.
  • t will be convenientto userthe terms iupstream and down-i stream to denote relative separation from the electron source.
  • electron gun structure 20 positioned beyond the input errdY ofthe circuit projects an electron stream therethrough paralleli to the circuit axis and inthe direction of wave propagation.
  • the electronv gunv is/ characterized by adirect-current: transit angle- 01 between its cathode 21 and anode 22.
  • the anode 22 is separated from the input end of thecircuit, point a, by a directcurrent transit angle 02.
  • the electromagnetic wave is supplied to an output Wave circuit for utilization.
  • a collector anode 17 in target relation to the electron stream source.
  • the solenoid 25 provides the longitudinal magnet Iield B.
  • the electron velocity supplied:V by the electron stream source is adjusted to be substantially the same as the wave velocity inthe ⁇ v electric circuitai'n the absence of the electron stream; tli'e presencel of and interaction withY the electron stream produces amplification of the electromagnetic wave propagatedv in the electric circuit in the direction of electron motion.
  • electromagnetic Wave along the entire length of-the helix.
  • This uniformity can be changed either by varying the pitch to disturb the synchronization between the traveling wave and electron stream necessary for cumulative interaction and/or by displacement ofI this section of the helix to negative coupling between the stream and traveling wave. It is a characteristic'of'such an electric circuit' that by suitable positioning and design, this intermediate section ca'nbe utilizedto effect substantial' cancellation of spurious noise lcomponents inthe traveling wave' arising from noise.
  • the noise cornponents of the wave oir-the Wave propagation circuit will be approximately out of phase with the noise wave induced on the main secti'rnby". the electron stream and substantial cancellation of the noise wave results.
  • Equations l and 2 express the input boundary conditions for the drift region between the anode of the gun and t-he input of the electric circuit.
  • Equation 4 the electric eld associated with each of the space charge waves has been evaluated in terms of the velocity and current as expressed by the relations With Equations 5 and 6 the electric iield set up in each wave by the input boundary conditions of Equations 1 and 2 can be readily obtained. Equation 4 then expresses the manner in which the eld propagates along the beam.
  • FIG. 3 ⁇ V there is ⁇ shown schematically a magnetron amplierr200 in whichthereis: incorporated an: electric circuit- 10 of ⁇ the kindel ⁇ described before with reference to Figi l.
  • the electron: streami which issupplied from the cathode 121 of the'gun 120 has initially a component i'na direction, perpendicular t'or the directionoi travel of the electromagnetic waves setup by*k the: electric cir; cuit but itis. ⁇ bent to the', desired direction along thaof wave: propagation byV means of ae magneticA ielrl: Bim, not illustrated, whichr isztransverseboth tofthe wave propaga tion direction and?.
  • a helix circuit 30 which comprises a preliminary section 31 and a main section 32 of a first radius and an intermediate cancellation section 33 of a larger radius to produce a decrease in axial wave velocity therethrough.
  • a helix circuit 40 in which the intermediate cancellation section 42 has been displaced with respect to the preliminary section 41, the main section 43, and electron stream 44 to eliminate coupling with the stream.
  • the helix could be wound with various combinations of pitches and radii.
  • a circuit 50 which is a variation of the circuit 40 of Fig. 4B.
  • the beam within the cancellation section 52 between the preliminary section 51 and the main section 53 is surrounded by a conducting cylinder 54.
  • the average velocity of the electron stream can be changed in the region of the cylinder. In this way, the average velocity of the electron stream can here be made to differ from the axial wave velocity in the electric circuit.
  • Fig. 4D there is shown an arrangement in which the axial wave velocity is modified by changes in the dielectric surrounding a particular section.
  • dielectric 64 is added in the intermediate region 62 between the preliminary section 61 and the main section 63 in the helix circuit 60 to slow the velocity of wave propagation therethrough.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in schematic form, a traveling wave tube 300 which employs a filter type circuit.
  • An electron stream is projected from an electron gun 311 at one end of the tube to a collector electrode 312 at the opposite end of the tube.
  • An electromagnetic wave is supplied for coupling to the electron stream by means of a wave-guiding circuit 313 which comprises a conductor having a series of lateral slots along the path of the stream.
  • Wave energy is supplied as an input at one end of the circuit and derived for utilization at the opposite end.
  • this tube acts in the manner of a helix-type traveling wave tube.
  • Figs. 6A through 6D there are shown illustrative arrangements for cancellation adapted to one typical circuit of the filter type.
  • This particular circuit is a waveguiding structure made up of a conductor 70 having a series of lateral slots 77 of the kind shown in the tube of Fig. 5.
  • one expedient for changing the wave velocity in the direction of the electron 12 stream 'm a particular section is to vary the geometry.
  • the spacings between slots in the intermediate cancellation section 72 between the prelirninary and main sections 71 and 73 is varied to achieve the desired effect.
  • the cumulative interaction is inhibited by varying the velocity of the electron stream in the region of noise cancellation.
  • the cancellation section 92 of the electric circuit 90 is insulated from the preliminary and main sections 91 and 93, respectively, by insulating strip 94. Additionally, it is operated at a direct-current potential different from that of thc remainder of the circuit by means of source 95, thereby providing a different accelerating voltage for the electron stream within the cancellation section, whereby a new average velocity results.
  • Fig. 6C shows another arrangement for varying the wave propagation velocity.
  • the slots 97- in the cancellation section 102 between the preliminary and main sections 101 and 103, respectively, are filled with a dielectric to slow the wave velocity therethrough.
  • cancellation is achieved by a variation in the electrical length of the wave propagation circuit in the cancellation section relative to the electrical length of the electron stream in the cancellation section by an amount sufficient to bring about a phase shift of approximately between the first induced noise wave in the wave propagation circuit and the noise wave induced in the rnain section.
  • a source supplying an electron stream characterized by noise uctuations about an average velocity
  • a continuous wave propagation circuit having a preliminary section positioned in the path of said electron stream and having a retardation characteristic for slowing the velocity in the direction of the electron stream of waves traveling therethrough to substantially the average velocity of the electron stream thereby inducing a first growing noise wave in said section which is in cumulative interaction with the electron stream, signal input means at the upstream end of said section for introducing signal waves on to said section for interaction with the electron stream, said wave propagation circuit further having a main section positioned in the path of the electron stream downstream of said preliminary section and having a retardation characteristic for slowing the velocity in the direction of the electron stream of waves traveling therethrough to substantially the average velocity of the electron stream thereby inducing a second noise wave which is in cumulative interaction with the electron stream, signal output means at the downstream end of said main section, said wave propagation circuit further having an intermediate section between said
  • a device in which-the. intermediate wave circuit section is. positioned so that the electric fields ⁇ in the. direction. ofV electron how. ofA waves. propagating. therethrough. ⁇ are substantially, negligible alongthe. path ofthe electron. stream..
  • inter.- mediate wave ⁇ circuit. section is: adapted for providing a. wavepropagation. of: velocity of waves. traveling therealong substantially. different. from.. the. average, velocity, of. the electron. stream. therealong.
  • an electrondischargedevice utilizing. ⁇ the inter.- actionbetween.anelectron stream? and an electromagnetic wave
  • an. electron stream source and4 a. collector defining av path of electron how, saidA stream: being. characterized by. noise fluctuations .about its4 average. velocity, a. continuous wavepropagation circuit, ⁇ signal. ⁇ input means and signal output means connected to the upstream and. downstream. ends respectively of said circuit, said' circuit having a rst section adjacent' its upstream end defining;an:interaction:region with said stream fori inducing a rst growing noise-wave on said first section, a second section located downstream of; said first section. and defining an interaction.
  • region wit-hsaid stream for inducing a noise wave on said second section, and means. for canceling the noise wave induced ⁇ on ⁇ said second section comprising a third. section between said first and second sections defining a region of substantial noninteraction: with said stream, s aid. third section being adaptedtoshift the phase relationship ofthe noise. wave induced onsaid first section andthe noise liuctuations in stream. ⁇ Y d 6j.
  • Iman electron discharge device the. combination as claimed in claim wherein the velocity of the noise waves propagated? inrsaidf third' ⁇ sectionA differs from the velocitylv of the electrons in said stream.
  • An electron discharge device comprising an envelope, an electron stream source and a collector for said stream defining a path of flow within said envelope, said stream being characterized by noise fluctuations about its average velocity, a continuous wave propagation circuit within said envelope adjacent said path of flow over at least a portion of its length, signal input means for launching a wave on said wave propagation circuit, signal output means at the downstream end of said wave propagation circuit, said wave propagation circuit having a first section adjacent the upstream end thereof defining an interaction region with said stream for inducing a first growing noise wave on said first section, a
  • the combination comprising an electronk beam tube for signals at a.. predetermined operating frequency having an electron gun to produce a beam of electrons along apath,V an input.r coupling to. said tube at a signal input couplingV region along theA beam path, an output coupling to said tube at a region' along said beam path more remote from. said gun than said input couplingA region, ⁇ means between said gun andlsaid input coupling region tof derive. a beam noise voltage, and a signal.
  • path including only passive elements to apply saidnoise voltage at said input voltage region, saidsignal. ⁇ path being otherwise decoupled from the beam path, the path length ⁇ difference between said signal path and' saidV beam path from said' noise voltage deriving means'to said: input region beingV a selected difference to provide signals substantially in.- phase opposition at said operating frequency wherebyv an improvement iny signal to noise ratio at the output is secured in tube operation at the operating frequency.
  • said means to derive a beam noise voltage including a travelling wave helix having ⁇ a voltage wave velocity substantiallyY equal to. the velocity of said"V electron beam adjacent to and in signal coupling relation with said beam path.
  • said tube including a travelling wave helix between said input and output couplings adjacent to and in coupling relation with said beam path to provide signal amplification.
  • said signal path including a helix adjacent the beam path but not coupled thereto, having a voltage Wave velocity at a selected operating frequency substantially different from the beam velocity and intermediate said first mentioned helix and said input coupling.
  • said means comprising a helix adjacent to and in coupling relation with said lbeam path, and positioned intermediate said gun and said linput coupling region, said signal path comprising a further helix adjacent said beam but in noncoupl-ing relation thereto and having at least a portion of substantially dif Schl-t pitch from that of said first helix, said further helix being positioned intermediate said first 4helix and said input coupling region.
  • the combination comprising an amplifier having means to provide a beam of electrons along a path, beam velocity modulating means including an input coupling to the beam path and an output coupling to the beam path, whereby signals of a predetermined operating frequency applied to said input coupling may be amplified and made available Iat said output coupling, means between said beam providing means and said input couplingto derive a noise voltage from said beam, a passi-ve signal path to 'feed said noise voltage forward to said input coupling and ⁇ otherwise decoupled from said beam path, the path lengths from the noise voltage deriving means to said input coupling being related to provide at said input coupling noise signals substantially in phase opposition at said operating frequency from said signal path for beam noise uctuation compensation.
  • An electron beam device comprising: electron gun means for producing an electron beam along a path and containing noise uctuations; input means, coupled to said path, for modulating said beam in accordance with an input signal at a predetermined operating frequency; means coupled to said path between said electron gun means and said input means, for extracting a noise voltage from said beam; and signal transmission means, coupled between said voltage extracting means and said input means, for applying said noise voltage to said beam at said input means substantially 180 out of phase at said operating frequency with the noise uctuations present in said beam at that point, whereby the effect of said noise fluctuations on the operation of said device is minirnized.
  • An electron beam velocity modulation device for operation at a predetermined frequency comprising: electron gun means for producing an electron beam along a path and containing noise fluctuations; input means, coupled to said path, for velocity modulating said beam in accordance with an input signal of said frequency; output means coupled to said path beyond said input means; means, coupled to said path between said electron gun means and said input means, for extracting a noise voltage from said beam; and signal transmission means, coupled between Said voltage extracting means and said input means, for applying said noise voltage to said beam at said input means substantially in phase opposition at said frequency with the noise iluctuations present in said beam at said input means, whereby the effect of said noise uctuations on the operation of said device is minimized.

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US220416A 1951-04-11 1951-04-11 Low noise traveling wave tubes Expired - Lifetime US2908844A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL91972D NL91972C (nl) 1951-04-11
BE510578D BE510578A (nl) 1951-04-11
NL6901150.A NL167562B (nl) 1951-04-11 Stelsel voor het onder water overdragen van informatie.
US220416A US2908844A (en) 1951-04-11 1951-04-11 Low noise traveling wave tubes
FR1048662D FR1048662A (fr) 1951-04-11 1951-10-24 Perfectionnements aux amplificateurs pour micro-ondes
DEW7656A DE966835C (de) 1951-04-11 1952-01-16 Verstaerkeranordnung unter Verwendung einer Wanderfeldroehre
GB7319/52A GB730773A (en) 1951-04-11 1952-03-21 Improvements in or relating to electric discharge devices
CH301934D CH301934A (de) 1951-04-11 1952-04-10 Mikrowellenverstärker, in welchem eine längs eines elektrischen Kreises fortschreitende Welle durch kumulative Wechselwirkung mit einem Elektronenstrahl verstärkt wird.

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US2908844A true US2908844A (en) 1959-10-13

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US (1) US2908844A (nl)
BE (1) BE510578A (nl)
CH (1) CH301934A (nl)
DE (1) DE966835C (nl)
FR (1) FR1048662A (nl)
GB (1) GB730773A (nl)
NL (2) NL167562B (nl)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087119A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-04-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Noise reduction system for parametric amplifiers
US3092750A (en) * 1959-10-22 1963-06-04 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tube
US3222563A (en) * 1960-06-13 1965-12-07 High Voltage Engineering Corp Linear accelerator waveguide structures adapted to reduce the phenomenon of pulse shortening
US3330986A (en) * 1964-08-12 1967-07-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of constructing a slow-wave comb structure
US3377572A (en) * 1961-10-24 1968-04-09 Csf Delay structure
US3401298A (en) * 1964-07-30 1968-09-10 Gen Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction in a travelling wave tube employing a helix input coupler
US3614517A (en) * 1970-04-30 1971-10-19 Raytheon Co Traveling wave electron interaction device having efficiency enhancement means
US3758811A (en) * 1972-08-02 1973-09-11 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tube linearity characteristics
US3761760A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-09-25 Raytheon Co Circuit velocity step taper for suppression of backward wave oscillation in electron interaction devices
US3863092A (en) * 1972-08-10 1975-01-28 Siemens Ag Transit time tube having extremely low phase distortion

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DE1041169B (de) * 1953-01-07 1958-10-16 Dr Rer Nat Dieter Weber Rauscharme Wanderfeldroehre zur Verstaerkung schwacher Hochfrequenzsignale
NL200277A (nl) * 1954-09-16
GB780811A (en) * 1954-11-18 1957-08-07 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tube arrangements
DE1131757B (de) * 1955-03-09 1962-06-20 Siemens Ag Lauffeldroehre nach Art einer Rueckwaertswellen-oszillatorroehre zur Erzeugung elektrischer Schwingungen sehr hoher Frequenz
DE1095405B (de) * 1955-03-31 1960-12-22 Deutsche Bundespost Rauscharme Laufzeitroehre zur Verstaerkung schwacher Hochfrequenzsignale mit mindestens zwei in Elektronenstrahlrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Hochfrequenzkreisen

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FR934220A (fr) * 1946-01-11 1948-05-14 Western Electric Co Amplificateur d'ondes à haute fréquence
US2494721A (en) * 1947-06-18 1950-01-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron velocity variation device with noise reducing resonator
US2516944A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-08-01 Philco Corp Impedance-matching device
FR969886A (fr) * 1948-07-23 1950-12-27 Csf Perfectionnements aux tubes à onde progressante
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2575383A (en) * 1946-10-22 1951-11-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifying device
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2584597A (en) * 1949-01-26 1952-02-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Traveling wave tube
US2595698A (en) * 1949-05-10 1952-05-06 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
US2611101A (en) * 1947-04-15 1952-09-16 Wallauschek Richard Traeling wave amplifier tube
US2616990A (en) * 1947-01-13 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Amplifier for centimeter waves
US2720609A (en) * 1948-02-10 1955-10-11 Csf Progressive wave tubes
US2720610A (en) * 1950-07-27 1955-10-11 Kazan Benjamin Noise reducing travelling-wave tube
US2767259A (en) * 1952-10-01 1956-10-16 Rca Corp Noise compensation in electron beam devices

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CH233052A (de) * 1940-01-31 1944-06-30 Philips Nv Schaltung mit erhöhter Rauschfreiheit zur Übertragung elektrischer Ultrahochfrequenzschwingungen.
FR951204A (fr) * 1947-08-01 1949-10-19 Materiel Telephonique Tubes électroniques pour hyperfréquences
FR977237A (fr) * 1948-11-02 1951-03-29 Csf Ligne à retard linéaire à vannes pour tubes à propagation d'ondes

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR934220A (fr) * 1946-01-11 1948-05-14 Western Electric Co Amplificateur d'ondes à haute fréquence
US2575383A (en) * 1946-10-22 1951-11-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifying device
US2616990A (en) * 1947-01-13 1952-11-04 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Amplifier for centimeter waves
US2611101A (en) * 1947-04-15 1952-09-16 Wallauschek Richard Traeling wave amplifier tube
US2494721A (en) * 1947-06-18 1950-01-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron velocity variation device with noise reducing resonator
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2516944A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-08-01 Philco Corp Impedance-matching device
US2720609A (en) * 1948-02-10 1955-10-11 Csf Progressive wave tubes
FR969886A (fr) * 1948-07-23 1950-12-27 Csf Perfectionnements aux tubes à onde progressante
US2584597A (en) * 1949-01-26 1952-02-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Traveling wave tube
US2595698A (en) * 1949-05-10 1952-05-06 Rca Corp Electron discharge device and associated circuit
US2720610A (en) * 1950-07-27 1955-10-11 Kazan Benjamin Noise reducing travelling-wave tube
US2767259A (en) * 1952-10-01 1956-10-16 Rca Corp Noise compensation in electron beam devices

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3092750A (en) * 1959-10-22 1963-06-04 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tube
US3087119A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-04-23 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Noise reduction system for parametric amplifiers
US3222563A (en) * 1960-06-13 1965-12-07 High Voltage Engineering Corp Linear accelerator waveguide structures adapted to reduce the phenomenon of pulse shortening
US3377572A (en) * 1961-10-24 1968-04-09 Csf Delay structure
US3401298A (en) * 1964-07-30 1968-09-10 Gen Electric Co Ltd Noise reduction in a travelling wave tube employing a helix input coupler
US3330986A (en) * 1964-08-12 1967-07-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of constructing a slow-wave comb structure
US3614517A (en) * 1970-04-30 1971-10-19 Raytheon Co Traveling wave electron interaction device having efficiency enhancement means
US3761760A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-09-25 Raytheon Co Circuit velocity step taper for suppression of backward wave oscillation in electron interaction devices
US3758811A (en) * 1972-08-02 1973-09-11 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tube linearity characteristics
US3863092A (en) * 1972-08-10 1975-01-28 Siemens Ag Transit time tube having extremely low phase distortion

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Publication number Publication date
FR1048662A (fr) 1953-12-23
DE966835C (de) 1957-09-12
CH301934A (de) 1954-09-30
NL91972C (nl)
GB730773A (en) 1955-06-01
NL167562B (nl)
BE510578A (nl)

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