US2904769A - Spark plug nipple - Google Patents

Spark plug nipple Download PDF

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Publication number
US2904769A
US2904769A US367208A US36720853A US2904769A US 2904769 A US2904769 A US 2904769A US 367208 A US367208 A US 367208A US 36720853 A US36720853 A US 36720853A US 2904769 A US2904769 A US 2904769A
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United States
Prior art keywords
nipple
plug
cable
spark plug
collar
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US367208A
Inventor
Sampson Lawrence Raymond
George W Lampman
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US367208A priority Critical patent/US2904769A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2904769A publication Critical patent/US2904769A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02Details
    • H01T13/06Covers forming a part of the plug and protecting it against adverse environment

Definitions

  • a spark plug nipple having a plurality of spaced sealing lips formed on the inner wall of the nipple and a flange-like collar on the outer wall substantially at the plane of junction of the upper and lower portions of the nipple.
  • a spark plug 1 having a central insulator member 3 and a terminal 5. It should be noted that, as is generally the case, the plug terminal is smaller in diameter than the plug insulator thus forming a plug shoulder 7. Sparking power is supplied to the plug through an ignition cable 9 shown as held in disconnectable electrical contact with the terminal 5 by terminal clip 11 which is securely fastened to the cable.
  • sealing lips 19 permit the assembly of the nipple about the cable 9 and the plug insulator 3 with substantially no difliculty because of the greatly reduced contact area which results in less friction.
  • the chambers 21 result in a markedly greater degree of pliability that is obtainable in the various structures of the prior art which depended on comparatively non-pliable construction for obtaining the desired sealing action.
  • the contacting surface 23 of each sealing lip is substantially flat. However, this surface may be of other configuration such as triangular, concave or convex with substantially equal effectiveness.
  • the cable and clip may be installed "in th'eupper section of 'th'emipple" with the inner collar 27 on the lower end of the clip thus forming a sub-assembly which will retain its relative positioning while being installed on the terminal'i Installation and removal of the above" defined? subassembly is greatly facilitated by the provision". of a grip, shown as circumferential 'collar'29, on the exterior'of the nipple.
  • avnipple comprising a tubular member of Tresilient insulatingimaterial having ppper and lower communicating sections, the longitudinal. axes. of said sections. being ,co-incident and. the inside diameter of'each section being relatively slightly largenthan. the cable 1 and the spark plugportion.

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  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Description

Sept. 15, 1959 1.. R. SAMPSON 2,904,769
SPARK PLUG NIPPLE Filed July 10. 1953 INVE NTO R5 MmemczmrmwWJo/r ATTORNEY United States Patent SPARK PLUG NIPPLE Lawrence 'Raymoud Sampson and George W. Lampman,
Pontiac, Mich., assignors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application July 10, 1953, Serial No. 367,208
1 Claim. (Cl. 339-26) to protect the electrical connection made between the ignition cable and the spark plug terminal. The accumulation of dirt, dust, road salt including sodium and calcium chloride, and oil contaminates the connection and disrupts the normal operation of the ignition system. The condensation of moisture on the plug and exposure to water likewise disrupt the operation of the system by shorting out the plug. To this end, rubber spark plug nipples which are intended to protect the connection have long been in common use.
A spark plug nipple found in common use at the present time is the elbow or straight shield which requires press fit at both the cable end and the plug end. However, experience has proved that installation of this type of nipple over the spark plug is difiicult and that it is difiicult to determine whether or not positive lock of the ignition cable terminal clip to the spark plug terminal has occurred during assembly. Furthermore, because of the general shape and design of present production nipples, removal from the plug insulator without damage is problematic. This is particularly so after a relatively short period of operation, the heat of the engine acting to bake the nipple to the insulator.
In addition, the nipples in present production tend to lose their sealing properties, as presently constructed. A large amount of air space in the communicating portions of the nipple permits the formation of a relatively large amount of ozone which accelerates the cracking process of the rubber shield and replacement is necessary within a relatively short time.
Accordingly, it is an object of our invention to provide a spark plug nipple having a minimum amount of internal air space.
It is a further object of our invention to provide a nipple that is easily installed and forms an effective seal.
It is a further object of our invention to provide a nipple that is easily disassembled and forms an effective seal.
It is a still further object of our invention to provide a nipple that is free from assembly and disassembly problems and at the same time retains positive sealing action.
To attain these objects, We provide a spark plug nipple having a plurality of spaced sealing lips formed on the inner wall of the nipple and a flange-like collar on the outer wall substantially at the plane of junction of the upper and lower portions of the nipple.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, Wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.
, 2,904,769 Patented Sept. 15, 1959 In the drawing:
Figure l is avertical sectional view of the nipple of our invention.
Figure-2 is an enlarged view of the lower portion of the nipple shown in Figure 1.
Referring now to the drawing and more particularly to Figure 1 there is shown a spark plug 1 having a central insulator member 3 and a terminal 5. It should be noted that, as is generally the case, the plug terminal is smaller in diameter than the plug insulator thus forming a plug shoulder 7. Sparking power is supplied to the plug through an ignition cable 9 shown as held in disconnectable electrical contact with the terminal 5 by terminal clip 11 which is securely fastened to the cable.
In order to protect the cable-plug connection from weather and contamination we provide a nipple 13 made of a resilient rubber-like insulating material such as neoprene, Butyl rubber or other suitable material. As shown in Figure 1, the nipple of our invention is straight and is provided with two communicating sections 15 and 17, the longitudinal axis of the upper cable receiving section 15 being coincident with the longitudinal axis of the lower plug receiving section 17.
The diameter of the passageway in the upper section is but slightly larger than the diameter of cable 9 positioned therein. Likewise the diameter of the passageway in the lower section is but slightly larger than-the diameter of the plug insulator 17 on which it is posia tioned. In this manner the air space within the nipple is reduced to a minimum with the substantial elimination of ozonation and the accelerated ageing caused thereby.
Positive sealing action is attained by the provision of a plurality of spaced ring-like sealing lips 19 on the inner wall of the upper and lower sections 15 and 17 of the nipple as shown in Figure 1. Sealing lips 19 are of such size as to be in intimate contacting relation with the plug insulator 3 and cable 9 and thus provide a series of efiicient barriers to moisture and/ or dirt. Each pair of adjacent sealing lips in contacting relation with the insulator and cable defines an annular chamber 21 which serves to trap any moisture and/or dirt, each chamber functioning as a guard chamber to those successively closer to the cable-plug terminal connection. In this manner, just as in the case of poison gas safety chambers which are provided with a plurality of entrance locks as standard construction, the innermost chamber is eifectively sealed against contamination.
At the same time, sealing lips 19 permit the assembly of the nipple about the cable 9 and the plug insulator 3 with substantially no difliculty because of the greatly reduced contact area which results in less friction. Further, it should be noted that the chambers 21 result in a markedly greater degree of pliability that is obtainable in the various structures of the prior art which depended on comparatively non-pliable construction for obtaining the desired sealing action. As shown more clearly in Figure 2, the contacting surface 23 of each sealing lip is substantially flat. However, this surface may be of other configuration such as triangular, concave or convex with substantially equal effectiveness.
Applicants further provide an internal positive stop 25 which, when the nipple is completely installed, seats against the spark plug shoulder 7 and insures both proper positioning of the nipple and complete and positive locking of the clip 11 to the terminal 5. Stop 25 is formed at the plane of junction of the cable passageway with the relatively larger insulator passageway, the two passageways being joined shaiply. Positive locking of the clip and terminal are further assured by the provision of a collar 27 on the inner wall of the cable passageway. Inner collar 27 has substantially the same inside diameter aszthat of clip-1L andzis .formed immediately adjacent the plane ofjunction of the two passageways. The cable and clip may be installed "in th'eupper section of 'th'emipple" with the inner collar 27 on the lower end of the clip thus forming a sub-assembly which will retain its relative positioning while being installed on the terminal'i Installation and removal of the above" defined? subassembly is greatly facilitated by the provision". of a grip, shown as circumferential 'collar'29, on the exterior'of the nipple. As is more clearly shown in Figure2of the drawing, collar; 29 'is'positioned just behiridthe plane of jllIlCl'iOIlLOf the .two'nipple passageways and is coextensive withthe inner coll'ar27i At installation, this grip, provides a'convenient finger locationipoint andpressure area. Duringjremovah'. pull on' this grip automatically tends to distortthe:sealing port ion atlth'e plug endof the nipple away from the insulator,,thus reducing, the adhering loads. As pointed .out' 'hereinbeforqthe opposite effect occurs with the nipplsin'present production.
While. the formof the embodiment ofithe invention as herein disclosedconstitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, for example", the, substance ofappliiz'ants invention might be applidto angleand universal type nipples, as may come within the scope of the attached .l claim.
What-is claimed is:
In combination with asparkplugand ignition cable assembly wherein the ignition cable. isseeured'to the plug terminalby meansof'a metal clip, avnipple. comprisinga tubular member of Tresilient insulatingimaterial having ppper and lower communicating sections, the longitudinal. axes. of said sections. being ,co-incident and. the inside diameter of'each section being relatively slightly largenthan. the cable 1 and the spark plugportion. over which" saidfinipple is assembled, means on theendiportion of said uppersection-= sealingly engaging said ignition cable, a plurality of spaced ring-like sealing lips provided on tlie'innerwall of said'lower section'intimatelvcontacting said plug over a small surface area to enable ready removal therefrom, an internal stop formed at the plane of junction of said sections and seated on the end of said plug, a flange-like collar 'formed integral with the outer wall of said nipple: adjacent said plane, and a relatively small collar formed. onwthe inner surface of said upper section andcmextensive with" said first-mentioned collar, said flangelike collar: outwardly;v distorting; the sealing portion of f'the plug end-ofisaid nipplestobreak adherence between: said :sealing lips and: said plug upon the application of-a pulling force-to said firsbmentioned collar, and'said'relatively small collar having an internal diameter substantiall-y'the same asith'at .of the metal clip to enable assembly of the nipple and metal clip upon the plug as a subassembly to assure positive locking of the clip on the plug, terminal.
References Cited in the file of this'p'atent' UNITED STATES PATENTS 561,441 Schmidt June 2, 1896 1,117,840) Hamilton Nov. 17, 1914 1,245,931 Lanman Nov. 6, 1917 1,723,765 Churchill Aug. 6,-1929 1,926,197 Durr Sept. 12, 1933 2,167,865 Beecher Aug. 1, 1939 2,189,987 Kellems Feb. 13, 1940 2,550,358 Le Grand" .Apr. 24, 1 2,665,673 Woofter Ian. 12, 1954 2,690,541 Elliott Sept. 28,1954 2,704,355 HOltOn Mar. 15, 1955 2,750,573 Mika' June.13, 1956
US367208A 1953-07-10 1953-07-10 Spark plug nipple Expired - Lifetime US2904769A (en)

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Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046056A (en) * 1961-02-20 1962-07-24 Irving Air Chute Co Inc Seat belt protector boots
US3109690A (en) * 1962-12-11 1963-11-05 Empire Prod Inc Cable connector assembly
US3113997A (en) * 1961-11-08 1963-12-10 Schneiderman Joseph Protective shield for electrical terminals
US3193615A (en) * 1962-05-17 1965-07-06 Burrows Allen Waterproof cap with integral seprable o-ring for engine wiring connection
US3268654A (en) * 1963-10-08 1966-08-23 Johnson Rubber Co Insulating sleeve for a cable joint
US3333871A (en) * 1965-03-18 1967-08-01 Screw Machine Products Co Conduit fittings
US3406370A (en) * 1966-06-21 1968-10-15 Amp Inc Electrical connector
US3431534A (en) * 1966-09-06 1969-03-04 Charles D Schrader Secondary ignition wire end assembly
US3476915A (en) * 1966-03-17 1969-11-04 Michael J Rapsis Immersion heaters
US3522578A (en) * 1968-02-27 1970-08-04 Kdi Sealtron Corp Cable conforming connector sleeve
US3528051A (en) * 1967-10-30 1970-09-08 Itt Flexible insulating sheath
US3646250A (en) * 1970-04-01 1972-02-29 Stanley E Estes Protective boot for distributor caps and the like
US4101251A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-07-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Hydraulic conduit having pivoting and telescoping capability
US4565135A (en) * 1982-04-15 1986-01-21 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Center sill, for accommodating the coupling facilities of a railroad car
US4702710A (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-10-27 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Waterproof seal assembly for electrical connector
WO1988002940A1 (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-21 Gold Securities Australia Limited Ignition boot
US4797115A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-01-10 Prestolite Wire Corporation Angled boot for angled spark plug cable terminals
DE4101375C1 (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-04-30 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen, De
AU624322B2 (en) * 1986-10-17 1992-06-11 Gold Securities Australia Limited Ignition boot
US5127840A (en) * 1991-09-03 1992-07-07 General Motors Corporation Spark plug connector
US5154624A (en) * 1991-09-13 1992-10-13 Cooper Industries, Inc. Ignition coil adapter for a distributorless ignition system
US5231250A (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-07-27 Moulton Herbert F Weatherproof electrode splice cap for neon sign systems
US5377640A (en) * 1992-07-23 1995-01-03 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Plug cap device
WO1997033344A1 (en) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-12 Cooper Industries, Inc. Automotive spark plug cover
US6280210B1 (en) 2000-04-10 2001-08-28 Garrett Products, Inc. Ignition wiring connector
US20130115805A1 (en) * 2010-04-14 2013-05-09 John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc. Cover for cable connectors
US20140154901A1 (en) * 2011-08-11 2014-06-05 Motortech Gmbh Spark plug connector
US8764480B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2014-07-01 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLP Cover for cable connectors
US9106003B2 (en) 2009-03-30 2015-08-11 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Cover for cable connectors
US20190115685A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-04-18 Pontus Subsea Connectors Llc Sealed conductor termination

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US561441A (en) * 1896-06-02 Flexible elbow for connecting pipes
US1117840A (en) * 1912-09-19 1914-11-17 Adjustable Liquid Gauge Company Faucet connection.
US1245931A (en) * 1916-11-04 1917-11-06 Guy R Lanman Spark-plug protector.
US1723765A (en) * 1928-04-12 1929-08-06 Homer Graves Drain and waste pipe cleaner
US1926197A (en) * 1932-09-14 1933-09-12 American Hard Rubber Co Pipe coupling
US2167865A (en) * 1938-03-04 1939-08-01 Beecher Valentine Pipe coupling
US2189987A (en) * 1937-04-29 1940-02-13 Edgar E Kellems Deformation control for resilient bodies and the like
US2550358A (en) * 1948-04-09 1951-04-24 Grand John Peter Le Spark plug terminal protector
US2665673A (en) * 1952-10-30 1954-01-12 Gen Motors Corp Spark plug boot
US2690541A (en) * 1950-04-14 1954-09-28 Carleton S Marden Waterproof connection for spark plug terminals and the like
US2704355A (en) * 1952-05-19 1955-03-15 Essex Wire Corp Distributor cap insulator
US2750573A (en) * 1953-12-08 1956-06-12 Stanley E Mika Sure lock connectors

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US561441A (en) * 1896-06-02 Flexible elbow for connecting pipes
US1117840A (en) * 1912-09-19 1914-11-17 Adjustable Liquid Gauge Company Faucet connection.
US1245931A (en) * 1916-11-04 1917-11-06 Guy R Lanman Spark-plug protector.
US1723765A (en) * 1928-04-12 1929-08-06 Homer Graves Drain and waste pipe cleaner
US1926197A (en) * 1932-09-14 1933-09-12 American Hard Rubber Co Pipe coupling
US2189987A (en) * 1937-04-29 1940-02-13 Edgar E Kellems Deformation control for resilient bodies and the like
US2167865A (en) * 1938-03-04 1939-08-01 Beecher Valentine Pipe coupling
US2550358A (en) * 1948-04-09 1951-04-24 Grand John Peter Le Spark plug terminal protector
US2690541A (en) * 1950-04-14 1954-09-28 Carleton S Marden Waterproof connection for spark plug terminals and the like
US2704355A (en) * 1952-05-19 1955-03-15 Essex Wire Corp Distributor cap insulator
US2665673A (en) * 1952-10-30 1954-01-12 Gen Motors Corp Spark plug boot
US2750573A (en) * 1953-12-08 1956-06-12 Stanley E Mika Sure lock connectors

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046056A (en) * 1961-02-20 1962-07-24 Irving Air Chute Co Inc Seat belt protector boots
US3113997A (en) * 1961-11-08 1963-12-10 Schneiderman Joseph Protective shield for electrical terminals
US3193615A (en) * 1962-05-17 1965-07-06 Burrows Allen Waterproof cap with integral seprable o-ring for engine wiring connection
US3109690A (en) * 1962-12-11 1963-11-05 Empire Prod Inc Cable connector assembly
US3268654A (en) * 1963-10-08 1966-08-23 Johnson Rubber Co Insulating sleeve for a cable joint
US3333871A (en) * 1965-03-18 1967-08-01 Screw Machine Products Co Conduit fittings
US3476915A (en) * 1966-03-17 1969-11-04 Michael J Rapsis Immersion heaters
US3406370A (en) * 1966-06-21 1968-10-15 Amp Inc Electrical connector
US3431534A (en) * 1966-09-06 1969-03-04 Charles D Schrader Secondary ignition wire end assembly
US3528051A (en) * 1967-10-30 1970-09-08 Itt Flexible insulating sheath
US3522578A (en) * 1968-02-27 1970-08-04 Kdi Sealtron Corp Cable conforming connector sleeve
US3646250A (en) * 1970-04-01 1972-02-29 Stanley E Estes Protective boot for distributor caps and the like
US4101251A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-07-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Hydraulic conduit having pivoting and telescoping capability
US4565135A (en) * 1982-04-15 1986-01-21 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Center sill, for accommodating the coupling facilities of a railroad car
US4702710A (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-10-27 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Waterproof seal assembly for electrical connector
US4947809A (en) * 1986-10-17 1990-08-14 Gsa Controls Pty. Ltd. Ignition boot
WO1988002940A1 (en) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-21 Gold Securities Australia Limited Ignition boot
AU624322B2 (en) * 1986-10-17 1992-06-11 Gold Securities Australia Limited Ignition boot
US4797115A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-01-10 Prestolite Wire Corporation Angled boot for angled spark plug cable terminals
DE3837750A1 (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-05-24 Prestolite Wire Corp ANGLE SHOE FOR ANGLED SPARK PLUG CONNECTORS
US5231250A (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-07-27 Moulton Herbert F Weatherproof electrode splice cap for neon sign systems
DE4101375C1 (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-04-30 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen, De
US5127840A (en) * 1991-09-03 1992-07-07 General Motors Corporation Spark plug connector
US5154624A (en) * 1991-09-13 1992-10-13 Cooper Industries, Inc. Ignition coil adapter for a distributorless ignition system
US5377640A (en) * 1992-07-23 1995-01-03 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Plug cap device
US5813872A (en) * 1996-03-06 1998-09-29 Cooper Technologies Company Automotive spark plug cover
US5979049A (en) * 1996-03-06 1999-11-09 Federal-Mogul World Wide Inc. Automotive spark plug cover
WO1997033344A1 (en) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-12 Cooper Industries, Inc. Automotive spark plug cover
US6280210B1 (en) 2000-04-10 2001-08-28 Garrett Products, Inc. Ignition wiring connector
US9106003B2 (en) 2009-03-30 2015-08-11 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Cover for cable connectors
US9130303B2 (en) 2009-03-30 2015-09-08 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Cover for cable connectors
US20130115805A1 (en) * 2010-04-14 2013-05-09 John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc. Cover for cable connectors
US8764480B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2014-07-01 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLP Cover for cable connectors
US9917394B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2018-03-13 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Cable connector cover
US10847925B2 (en) * 2010-04-14 2020-11-24 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Cable connector cover
US20140154901A1 (en) * 2011-08-11 2014-06-05 Motortech Gmbh Spark plug connector
US9160120B2 (en) * 2011-08-11 2015-10-13 Motortech Gmbh Spark plug connector
US20190115685A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-04-18 Pontus Subsea Connectors Llc Sealed conductor termination
US10439318B2 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-10-08 Pontus Subsea Connectors Llc Sealed conductor termination

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