US2903615A - Apparatus and method for the electronic representation of characters - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for the electronic representation of characters Download PDF

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Publication number
US2903615A
US2903615A US663296A US66329657A US2903615A US 2903615 A US2903615 A US 2903615A US 663296 A US663296 A US 663296A US 66329657 A US66329657 A US 66329657A US 2903615 A US2903615 A US 2903615A
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United States
Prior art keywords
voltages
terminal
voltage
tube
characters
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Expired - Lifetime
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US663296A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hoffmann Edelhard
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VEB WERKE fur SIGNAL-UND SICHERUNGSTECHNIK BERLIN
WERKE fur SIGNAL und SICHERUNG
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WERKE fur SIGNAL und SICHERUNG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G1/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data
    • G09G1/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows
    • G09G1/08—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows the beam directly tracing characters, the information to be displayed controlling the deflection and the intensity as a function of time in two spatial co-ordinates, e.g. according to a cartesian co-ordinate system
    • G09G1/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows the beam directly tracing characters, the information to be displayed controlling the deflection and the intensity as a function of time in two spatial co-ordinates, e.g. according to a cartesian co-ordinate system the deflection signals being produced by essentially analogue means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus and a method for the electronic representation of characters, particularly digits, on the screen of cathode ray tubes in connection with which means known per se serve inter alia advantageously for the partial darkness control.
  • the invention would be of particular advantage for instance if it weredesired to apply this typeof representation of characters, particularly numbers, in the announcing of train numbers in railway safety installations to the extent necessary in the field.
  • electron tubes are by themselves disadvantageous in railway safety installations for the reason that the burning out of a filament as well as a decrease in the emission constitute factors of uncertainty which cannot be tolerated.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the abovementioned defects as far as possible.
  • rectifiers which selectively vary the curve of the Lissajou figure and cause the control grid of the cathode ray tube to be acted upon by voltages the form and amplitude of which are caused by rectified sine voltages and/or sine voltages distorted by means of a supersaturated iron core, of 50 cycles or frequency-double 50 cycles (100 cycles) and the phase position of which is caused by an R-C member which is simultaneously employed.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of a cathode ray tube circuit
  • Fig. 1a is a diagram of a circuit for producing deflection voltages
  • Fig. 1b is a diagram for producing blanking voltages
  • Figs. 2a to 2e illustrate the transformation of a Lissajou figure into a numerical digit.
  • KS is the cathode ray tube or indicating tube which is equipped with a cathode K, control grid G, focusing anode 11 and anode 12, and with pairs of horizontal and vertical deflecting plates h and v, respectively. Voltages are supplied to the electrodes of the tube by any suitable high voltage D.C. circuit 10 which may include resistors R9 to R13. l i
  • the terminal 7 is in each case connected with terminal K of the tube.
  • the voltages at terminals 6, 8 and 9 which differ in form and frequency are superimposed on the negative grid bias so that, depending on the phase position of the superimposed voltages, the aforementioned parts of the starting curve train are controlled in darkness.
  • the elements R3C3 and RS-CS serve to produce the desired phase position of voltages of 50 and 100 cycles, respectively.
  • the transformer Tr the core of which is oversaturated, supplies particularly short pulses, depending on the degree of saturation. This action, however, can also be obtained by glow tubes.
  • tube KS If it is desired, for instance, to represent the digit 5 in accordance with Fig. 2, the following three different voltages are applied to tube KS:
  • FIG. 2a The figure shown in Fig. 2a is produced by deflection of the cathode ray with pure sine voltages in the frequency ratito of 1:2. From this figure by replacement of one pure sine voltage by the voltage of terminal 3 (Fig. la), there is produced the figure shown in Fig. 2b. From this by further replacement of the other pure sine voltage by the voltage of terminal 4- (Fig. 11)), there is produced the figure shown in Fig. 2c.
  • the dotted line portion of Fig. 2d is that part of Fig. 20 which remains invisible due to the application of darkness control. This is achieved by applying the voltage of terminal 8 (Fig. 1b) to the control grid G of tube KS.
  • Blanking control is effected by a voltage taken off terminal 6 of Fig. 1b.
  • the phase relation of this voltage is selected so that the tube is blanked at the time that the negative halfwave of the vertical deflection voltage is effective.
  • the digits 1 to 9 can be formed. Digit is formed by two sine voltages of different amplitudes and the same frequency, displaced 90 in phase from each other. In this connection the size of the digits shown is dependent in known manner on the value of the deflecting amplitudes.
  • the voltages may be applied to terminals K, G, h and v of tube KS by selector switches 19 and 20 operated in unison.
  • a method of changing Lissajou figures to form numenical digits on the screen of a cathode ray tube which comprises producing and selectively applying portions of a rectified or an unrectified sinusoidal voltage of one frequency to one pair of deflecting plates and of twice that frequency to the other pair of deflecting plates and blanking the electron beam during selected portions of each cycle thereof.
  • a circuit arrangement for producing numerical digits comprising a cathode ray tube having pairs of horizontal and vertical deflection plates, means for producing rectified and unrectified portions of sinusoidal voltages of a first frequency, means for producing rectified and unrectified portions of sinusoidal voltages of a sec ond frequency which is twice said first frequency, means for selectively applying said voltage portions to the horizontal and vertical deflection plates, and means for blanking the electron beam of said tube during selected portions of each cycle thereof, said last means comprising means for producing a plurality of voltages having different phase relations with respect to said sinusoidal voltages, and means for selectively impressing said plurality of voltages between the control grid and cathode of said cathode ray tube.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the means for producing rectified voltages of said first frequency include first and second rectifiers and variable resistors in parallel with each of said rectifiers.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the means for producing the blanking voltages includes a transformer having a magnetic core, and means for saturating said core.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the means for producing the blanking voltages comprises means including a glow tube for producing short voltage pulses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
US663296A 1956-11-13 1957-06-03 Apparatus and method for the electronic representation of characters Expired - Lifetime US2903615A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEV11509A DE1036401B (de) 1956-11-13 1956-11-13 Verfahren zur Darstellung von Ziffern mit Hilfe in Kathodenstrahlroehren erzeugter Lissajouscher Figuren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2903615A true US2903615A (en) 1959-09-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US663296A Expired - Lifetime US2903615A (en) 1956-11-13 1957-06-03 Apparatus and method for the electronic representation of characters

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2903615A (fr)
CH (1) CH355532A (fr)
DE (1) DE1036401B (fr)
GB (1) GB864024A (fr)
NL (1) NL216069A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2989702A (en) * 1958-04-03 1961-06-20 Hoffman Electronics Corp Electronic generator of symbols or characters or the like
US3164718A (en) * 1962-04-11 1965-01-05 Rutledge F King Ion pulse generator comprising deflector means to sweep an ion beam across an apertured member
US3309659A (en) * 1964-09-17 1967-03-14 George H Balding Electronic visual cue indicator system for aircraft
US3335315A (en) * 1964-03-16 1967-08-08 Moore Laurence Electrical apparatus for animating geometric figures and relationships utilizing a cathode ray tube display
DE1564019B1 (de) * 1965-08-04 1970-09-03 Gen Electric Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung der einen Elektronenstrahl in Richtung zweier Koordinaten auf einer vorbestimmten Auftreffspur fuehrenden Spannungen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2402989A (en) * 1940-01-20 1946-07-02 Ibm Accumulating apparatus
US2594731A (en) * 1949-07-14 1952-04-29 Teleregister Corp Apparatus for displaying magnetically stored data

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2402989A (en) * 1940-01-20 1946-07-02 Ibm Accumulating apparatus
US2594731A (en) * 1949-07-14 1952-04-29 Teleregister Corp Apparatus for displaying magnetically stored data

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2989702A (en) * 1958-04-03 1961-06-20 Hoffman Electronics Corp Electronic generator of symbols or characters or the like
US3164718A (en) * 1962-04-11 1965-01-05 Rutledge F King Ion pulse generator comprising deflector means to sweep an ion beam across an apertured member
US3335315A (en) * 1964-03-16 1967-08-08 Moore Laurence Electrical apparatus for animating geometric figures and relationships utilizing a cathode ray tube display
US3309659A (en) * 1964-09-17 1967-03-14 George H Balding Electronic visual cue indicator system for aircraft
DE1564019B1 (de) * 1965-08-04 1970-09-03 Gen Electric Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung der einen Elektronenstrahl in Richtung zweier Koordinaten auf einer vorbestimmten Auftreffspur fuehrenden Spannungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL216069A (fr)
CH355532A (de) 1961-07-15
DE1036401B (de) 1958-08-14
GB864024A (en) 1961-03-29

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