US2900830A - Linkage for describing a straight line - Google Patents

Linkage for describing a straight line Download PDF

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Publication number
US2900830A
US2900830A US703350A US70335057A US2900830A US 2900830 A US2900830 A US 2900830A US 703350 A US703350 A US 703350A US 70335057 A US70335057 A US 70335057A US 2900830 A US2900830 A US 2900830A
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United States
Prior art keywords
straight line
linkage
lever
describing
gear
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Expired - Lifetime
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US703350A
Inventor
Eisenburger Kuno
Ritter Josef
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EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
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EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
    • F16H21/16—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H21/18—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings
    • F16H21/22—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings with one connecting-rod and one guided slide to each crank or eccentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18176—Crank, pitman, lever, and slide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18888—Reciprocating to or from oscillating
    • Y10T74/1892—Lever and slide
    • Y10T74/18928—Straight line motions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a linkage for describing a straight line, which distinguishes from the known linkage for describing a straight line and a known elliptic-motion link serving for describing a straight line by a simple construction, comprising only a few elements, and which permits of deriving a straight-line movement with the highest possible transmission ratio from any movement received, and which avoids more particularly any sliding movement so that all joints between the several elements may consist of pivoted joints, which enable an easy lubricatoin and facilitate the use of ball bearings.
  • the linkage for describing a straight line comprises a carrying lever pivoted to a fixed point, and an one-armed rocker lever having the same length as said carrying lever, measured from said fixed point to one pivotally movable end of said carrying lever, one end of said rocker lever being rotatably coupled to said pivotally movable end of said carrying lever by a positive transmission, which causes the two levers to move through angles of equal magnitude but opposite senses with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line, the other end of said rocker lever forming or being connected to the point moved along a straight line.
  • the parts of the positive transmission between the free end of the carrying lever and the pivoted end of the rocker lever are held by a guide means, eg a pantograph, always at the same angle with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line.
  • the positive transmission may consist of a lever transmission but consists suitably of a epicyclic gear or a pair of gear-wheels.
  • the positive transmission consists of an epicyclic gear
  • the crown wheels are connected for rotation with the carrying lever and the rocker lever, respectively
  • the shaft of the planetary gear e.g., the spider carrying the shafts of the set of planetary gears
  • the guide means always at the same angle with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line.
  • the positive transmission is con- Structed as a pair of gear-wheels, these are connected for rotation with the carrying lever and the rocker lever,
  • the guide means comprises at least one pantograph link, which is connected to the gear-box of the pair of gear wheels adjacent to the axis of one of the gear-wheels.
  • the linkage provided by the invention for describing a straight line is of very wide application, particularly because this linkage comprises only pivoted joints for connecting the several elements of the linkage and is capable of adjustment at relatively high speeds owing to these joints.
  • the linkage according to the invention is particularly suitable for laying the transverse wire in a grid welding machine along a winding path by reversing the transverse wire, which is continuously pulled from a supply bobbin, alternatingly, e.g.
  • a special embodiment in which the carrying lever is connected to a gear for mechanically converting a rotary movement into an oscillating move ment of the carrying lever, which oscillating movement is suitably variable in amplitude.
  • This gear may preferably consist of a crank or eccentric drive, a swash plate or the like, which is variable in crank length or eccen tricity.
  • linkages according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings. These linkages are suitable, e.g., for laying the transverse wire in grid welding machines in winding or zig-zag paths.
  • Fig. l is a diagrammatic elevation of one embodiment of the linkage.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are enlarged views showing the detail indicated at A in Fig. 1 in elevation and in a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, respectively.
  • the linkage shown in Figs. 1 and 3 comprises a carrying lever 1, which is mounted, e.g. on a machine frame, for pivotal movement about the fixed point 2.
  • a rocker lever 3 is jointed to the pivotally movable end of the carrying lever 1.
  • the free end of this rocker lever 3 forms or is connected to the point p moved along a straight line.
  • the straight path of this point is indicated at ii in Fig. 1.
  • the carrying lever 1, measured from the fixed point 2 to the end where it is jointed to the rocker lever, and the rocker lever 3 have the same length.
  • the pivotally movable end of the carrying lever 1 is positively coupled to the rocker lever 3 by a transmission 4 in such a manner that the two levers 1, 3 are moved through angles of equal magnitude but opposite sense with respect to the path ii of the point p moved along a straight line.
  • the two levers l and 3 form always the sides of an isosceles triangle, the altitude of which is always at right angles to the path i--i of the point moved along a straight line.
  • the transmission 4 which provides these kinematic relations consists of an epicyclic gear, in which one crown wheel 5 is connected for rotation with the carrying lever 1 and the other crown wheel 6 is connected for rotation with the rocker lever 3, as is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the planetary gears 7 are carried by a spider 8, which is held by a guide means 10, 11, 12 always at the same angle with respect to the path i-i of the point p moved along a straight line.
  • the guide means consists of a pantograph, the crank arm 10 of which is connected for rotation with the spider and the crank arm 12, of the same length as: 10, is held against rotation adjacent to the fixed point 2 to assume always a horizontal position in the embodiment shown.
  • the epicyclic gear is arranged before and behind the carrying lever 1 and the rocker lever 3, considered in the direction of the pivotal axis connecting said levers and the pantograph is disposed between the two levers. This enables a construction of very small overall width.
  • crank drive For operating the linkage, a crank drive is provided, the crank pin 14 of which is connected by a connecting "rod 15 to the carrying lever. If the crank drive has a crank of adjustable length, the amplitude of the oscillation of the carrying lever and with it the displacement of the point p moved along a straight line (control displacement) can be adjusted.
  • crank drive may be replaced by an eccentric drive, a swash plate or other known means for mechanically Patented Aug. 25, 1959 converting a rotary movement into an oscillating movement.
  • a linkage for describing a straight line which comprises '-a fixed pivot, a carrying lever pivoted to said fixed; pivot and having at least one vpivotally movable end, a
  • one-armed rocker lever having the same length as said carrying lever from said pivot to said pivotally movable end thereof, one end of said rocker lever being pivoted to said crown wheels and a planet carrier carrying 'said' a planetary gear, and guide means arranged to hold said planet carrier always at the same angle with respect to said straight line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

Aug. 25, 1959 K. EISENBURGER ETAL 2,900,830
' LINKAGE FOR DESCRIBING A STRAIGHT LINE Filed Dec. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS L g- 9 K. EISENBURGER ETAL 2,900,830
LINKAGE FOR DESCRIBING A STRAIGHT LINE Filed Dec. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 "a v LL-JJ INVENTOR BY M 41, M 7fww ATTORNEYS United States Patent Ofiice LINKAGE FOR DESCRIBING A STRAIGHT LINE Kuno Eisenburger, Wels, Upper-Austria, and Josef Rit ter,
'Graz, Styria, Austria, assignors to EVG Eutwlcklungs-u, Verwertungsgesellschaft m.b.H., Graz, Styrla, Austria Application December 17, 1957, Serial No. 703,350 Claims priority, application Austria December 18, 1956 Claims. (Cl. 74--103) This invention relates to a linkage for describing a straight line, which distinguishes from the known linkage for describing a straight line and a known elliptic-motion link serving for describing a straight line by a simple construction, comprising only a few elements, and which permits of deriving a straight-line movement with the highest possible transmission ratio from any movement received, and which avoids more particularly any sliding movement so that all joints between the several elements may consist of pivoted joints, which enable an easy lubricatoin and facilitate the use of ball bearings.
These advantages are achieved according to the invention in that the linkage for describing a straight line comprises a carrying lever pivoted to a fixed point, and an one-armed rocker lever having the same length as said carrying lever, measured from said fixed point to one pivotally movable end of said carrying lever, one end of said rocker lever being rotatably coupled to said pivotally movable end of said carrying lever by a positive transmission, which causes the two levers to move through angles of equal magnitude but opposite senses with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line, the other end of said rocker lever forming or being connected to the point moved along a straight line. The parts of the positive transmission between the free end of the carrying lever and the pivoted end of the rocker lever are held by a guide means, eg a pantograph, always at the same angle with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line.
The positive transmission may consist of a lever transmission but consists suitably of a epicyclic gear or a pair of gear-wheels. Where the positive transmission consists of an epicyclic gear the crown wheels are connected for rotation with the carrying lever and the rocker lever, respectively, whereas the shaft of the planetary gear, e.g., the spider carrying the shafts of the set of planetary gears, is held by the guide means always at the same angle with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line. When the positive transmission is con- Structed as a pair of gear-wheels, these are connected for rotation with the carrying lever and the rocker lever,
respectively, whereas the gear-box carrying the pair of gear-wheels is held by the guide means always at the same angle with respect to the path of the point moved along a straight line. In this case the guide means comprises at least one pantograph link, which is connected to the gear-box of the pair of gear wheels adjacent to the axis of one of the gear-wheels.
The linkage provided by the invention for describing a straight line is of very wide application, particularly because this linkage comprises only pivoted joints for connecting the several elements of the linkage and is capable of adjustment at relatively high speeds owing to these joints. The linkage according to the invention is particularly suitable for laying the transverse wire in a grid welding machine along a winding path by reversing the transverse wire, which is continuously pulled from a supply bobbin, alternatingly, e.g. around the teeth of two gear rims disposed on the two longitudinal sides of the grid to be manufactured, and then welding the wire between the gear rims to the parallel warp or longitudinal To reciprocate the point moved along a straight line a special embodiment is provided, in which the carrying lever is connected to a gear for mechanically converting a rotary movement into an oscillating move ment of the carrying lever, which oscillating movement is suitably variable in amplitude. This gear may preferably consist of a crank or eccentric drive, a swash plate or the like, which is variable in crank length or eccen tricity.
An illustrative embodiment of linkages according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings. These linkages are suitable, e.g., for laying the transverse wire in grid welding machines in winding or zig-zag paths.
Fig. l is a diagrammatic elevation of one embodiment of the linkage; and
Figs. 2 and 3 are enlarged views showing the detail indicated at A in Fig. 1 in elevation and in a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, respectively.
The linkage shown in Figs. 1 and 3 comprises a carrying lever 1, which is mounted, e.g. on a machine frame, for pivotal movement about the fixed point 2. A rocker lever 3 is jointed to the pivotally movable end of the carrying lever 1. The free end of this rocker lever 3 forms or is connected to the point p moved along a straight line. The straight path of this point is indicated at ii in Fig. 1. To constrain the point p to move exactly on the line ii it is essential that the carrying lever 1, measured from the fixed point 2 to the end where it is jointed to the rocker lever, and the rocker lever 3 have the same length. Provision must also be made that the pivotally movable end of the carrying lever 1 is positively coupled to the rocker lever 3 by a transmission 4 in such a manner that the two levers 1, 3 are moved through angles of equal magnitude but opposite sense with respect to the path ii of the point p moved along a straight line. Thus the two levers l and 3 form always the sides of an isosceles triangle, the altitude of which is always at right angles to the path i--i of the point moved along a straight line. In the embodiment .shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the transmission 4 which provides these kinematic relations consists of an epicyclic gear, in which one crown wheel 5 is connected for rotation with the carrying lever 1 and the other crown wheel 6 is connected for rotation with the rocker lever 3, as is shown in Fig. 3. The planetary gears 7 are carried by a spider 8, which is held by a guide means 10, 11, 12 always at the same angle with respect to the path i-i of the point p moved along a straight line. In this case the guide means consists of a pantograph, the crank arm 10 of which is connected for rotation with the spider and the crank arm 12, of the same length as: 10, is held against rotation adjacent to the fixed point 2 to assume always a horizontal position in the embodiment shown.
As is shown in Fig. 3 the epicyclic gear is arranged before and behind the carrying lever 1 and the rocker lever 3, considered in the direction of the pivotal axis connecting said levers and the pantograph is disposed between the two levers. This enables a construction of very small overall width.
For operating the linkage, a crank drive is provided, the crank pin 14 of which is connected by a connecting "rod 15 to the carrying lever. If the crank drive has a crank of adjustable length, the amplitude of the oscillation of the carrying lever and with it the displacement of the point p moved along a straight line (control displacement) can be adjusted.
The crank drive may be replaced by an eccentric drive, a swash plate or other known means for mechanically Patented Aug. 25, 1959 converting a rotary movement into an oscillating movement.
What is claimed is: 1. A linkage for describing a straight line, which comprises '-a fixed pivot, a carrying lever pivoted to said fixed; pivot and having at least one vpivotally movable end, a
one-armed rocker lever having the same length as said carrying lever from said pivot to said pivotally movable end thereof, one end of said rocker lever being pivoted to said crown wheels and a planet carrier carrying 'said' a planetary gear, and guide means arranged to hold said planet carrier always at the same angle with respect to said straight line.
2. A linkage as set forth in claim 1, which comprises a plurality of said planetary gears and in which said planet carrier consists of a spider.
3. A linkage as set forth in claim 1, in which both said levers are disposed on the same side of said epicyclic gear and said guide means is disposed between said levers.
4. A linkage as set forth in claim 1, in which said guide means comprises a parallel motion link connected to Said planet carrier.
5. A linkage as set forth in claim 1, which comprises a crank drive the crank pin of which is connected by a rod to said carrying lever.
References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS 558,401 Great Britain Jan. 4, 1944
US703350A 1956-12-18 1957-12-17 Linkage for describing a straight line Expired - Lifetime US2900830A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3783706A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-01-08 Ricoh Kk Six-bar linkage having symmetrical displacement curve
US4520682A (en) * 1981-10-29 1985-06-04 Mid-West Automation Inc. Reciprocating rectilinear motion apparatus
US4709588A (en) * 1983-02-25 1987-12-01 Hugo Cordes Operating arm for an earth-moving and foundation machine
US4736641A (en) * 1987-01-07 1988-04-12 John Edward Jennings Self-supporting, trackless, rectilinear load transporter
WO1993016894A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-02 M And A Kft. Device for guiding mobile elements of mechanism, in particular of spring-mounted vehicle seats
US20040245314A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 Esec Trading Sa Wire bonder

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB558401A (en) * 1942-08-17 1944-01-04 Hughes Henry & Son Ltd Improvements in and relating to motion transmitting linkwork

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB558401A (en) * 1942-08-17 1944-01-04 Hughes Henry & Son Ltd Improvements in and relating to motion transmitting linkwork

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3783706A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-01-08 Ricoh Kk Six-bar linkage having symmetrical displacement curve
US4520682A (en) * 1981-10-29 1985-06-04 Mid-West Automation Inc. Reciprocating rectilinear motion apparatus
US4709588A (en) * 1983-02-25 1987-12-01 Hugo Cordes Operating arm for an earth-moving and foundation machine
US4736641A (en) * 1987-01-07 1988-04-12 John Edward Jennings Self-supporting, trackless, rectilinear load transporter
WO1993016894A1 (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-02 M And A Kft. Device for guiding mobile elements of mechanism, in particular of spring-mounted vehicle seats
US20040245314A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-09 Esec Trading Sa Wire bonder
US7159751B2 (en) * 2003-06-06 2007-01-09 Esec Trading Sa Wire bonder

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