Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
  • C07C209/44—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers
  • C07C209/48—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of nitriles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
  • C10M2201/063—Peroxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
  • C10M2201/102—Silicates
  • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
  • C10M2201/105—Silica
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/26—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• This invention relates to a new and improved grease composition of the type in which an organic lubricating oil is thickened to a grease consistency by means of a finely-divided inorganic solid material. More particularly it is concerned with grease compositions of said type characterized by outstanding resistance to water even at elevated temperatures.
• the principal object of this invention is to provide grease compositions which not only retain grease characteristics over a relatively, Wide range of temperature but remain serviceable after extended usage at elevated temperatures even in the presence of moisture.
• Another object is to provide inorganic thickening agents which, though they are normally relatively hydrophilic, have been modified to the point where they possess outstanding surface characteristics that render them decidedly superior for many applications to previously available'surface-treated inorganic materials.
• Still another object is to provide grease compositions having outstandingly superior high temperature waterresistance without any outstanding increase in cost over the ordinary high temperature greases which are stable at high temperatures only under relatively dry conditions.
• R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing at least 5 and preferably at least 8 carbon atoms linked consecutively to one another in an open chain and containing a total of at least 8 and preferably at least 12 carbon atoms;
• R is hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbon radical but preferably is hydrogen;
• n is an integer which is at least 2 but not over 4; and
• x is an integer from 1 to 3 but preferably is 1.
• These compounds can be described simply as polyamines composed entirely of the three elements, C, H and N and containing a single primary amino group and l to 3 non-primary amino groups one of which is substituted by a hydrocarbon radical containing a medium to high molecular aliphatic chain.
• This hydrocarbon radical R like R when the latter is not hydrogen, is preferably purely aliphatic but may also be either arylsubstituted aliphatic or aliphatic-substituted aryl and, in any case contains not over about 24 and preferably not over 20 carbon atoms.
• polyamines are one of the general classes of hydrophobic cationic agents which have been broadly suggested as additives for imparting water-resistance to greases thickened with finely divided inorganic materials
• polyamines which have been specifically disclosed for this purpose are quite different from the particular class of polyamine to the use of which the present invention is directed.
• the only true polyamines mentioned in this connection at all are the simple polyalkylene polyamines such as diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine, and tetraethylene pentamine, etc.
• these compounds proved to be almost totally ineffective for imparting water-resistance and, as indicated in US. Patent 2,554,222 by Stross for example, were not usually used per se but were first reacted with fatty acids.
• polyamines of interest in the present invention can be easily prepared, by reacting, for example, a medium to high molecular hydrocarbyl substituted primary or secondary amine with acrylonitrile and then catalytically hydrogenating the resultant amino nitrile in the following manner:
• mixed polyamines suitable for use in the present invention can be made at very reasonable cost.
• such technical grade products in which R is hydrogen and R is from to 20 carbon atoms in size are now available on the market, being sold for example by Armour Chemical' Division under the trade name of Duomeens.”
• Fatty acid salts of said Duorneens are also available and can be used in place of the polyamines of this invention.
• such fatty acid salts are not the full equivalents of the corresponding polyamines because said salts are considerably less eifective, on a weight basis as well as on the basis of total cost, than the corresponding polyamines.
• much larger amounts are required to impart a given level of water-resistance to the resulting greases, and, moreover, the salts cause a much greater reduction in the thickening efficiency of the finelydivided inorganic bodying agent used.
• Some of the better known and most widely used of the synthetic lubricants are polyglycols and other polyalkylene oxide derivatives, silicone oils and high molecular weight aliphatic diesters, especially branched chain diesters of dicarboxylic acids such as adipic, azelaic, and sebacic.
• the exceptionally beneficial water-proofing effect of the polyamines of this invention is not limited to any particular inorganic thickening agent.
• the inorganic thickening agent used in the improved greases of this invention may be any non-abrasive inorganic colloid capable of producing a grease-like structure when intimately incorporated in an oleaginous liquid vehicle.
• the most useful and best known inorganic thickening agents are various polyvalent metal and metalloid oxides especially the so-called gel forming oxides such as those of aluminum, titanium, zirconium, silicon, magnesium, zinc, etc., and mixtures of said oxides particularly when they are in the expanded aerogel form in which they can, with care, be recovered after precipitation from either liquid or gaseous phase reactions.
• Naturally occurring inorganic colloids can also be used such as the various clays which expand and increase in volume in the presence of water and other liquids, especially for example certain bentonites, hectorites, and other montmorillonite clays as well as attapulgites and similar polygorskite clays.
• the inorganic thickening agents which, because of their outstanding grease forming capacity and thickening power at relatively low concentrations, are preferred in the practice of this invention are the substantially anhydrous, extremely finely-divided metal and metalloid oxides which are formed pyrogenically by a high temperature reaction in which all reactants and all other products save said oxides are in the vapor state.
• Such products which have average particle sizes of less than 0.05 micron and may consist of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania or mixtures of these oxides, for example, can be produced by flame hydrolysis of volatile halides of the corresponding elements, suitable processes for such reactions having been disclosed, for example, by Stokes and Kistiakowsky in copending applicationSer. No. 129,089, filed January 23, 1949, and by Wagner in U. S. applications Ser. Nos. 344,840 and 455,369, filed March 26, 1953, and Sept. 10, 1954, respectively.
• the polyamines of this invention should be used in amounts equivalent to at least about 5% by weight of the weight of the finely divided inorganic thickener in order to obtain a significant improvement in the waterresistance of the resultant grease at elevated temperatures, while 10 to 40% of the polyamines on the same basis represents the range for optimum results. Still larger amounts than 40% can, of course, be used without harm, but the additional benefit, if any, will seldom make the added cost seem warranted.
• the concentration of the inorganic thickening agent in the finished grease will in turn depend not only upon its characteristic thickening power but also upon such factors as the consistency desired in the finished grease and the viscosity and other characteristics of the unthickened oleaginous vehicle used therein.
• concentration of inorganic thickener used in greases made for various purposes in accordance with this invention could cover quite a range, all the way from about 2 to about 20% by weight of the total grease composition, for example.
• the inorganic thickener concentration will run from about 5 to about 15% by weight, except that for the preferred class of thickener, namely the very finely-divided, substantially anhydrous pyrogenic oxides of less than 0.05 micron in average particle size, the usable concentration will generally be from about 2 to about 14% by weight with the range from about 3 to about 12% being preferred.
• the three absolutely essential ingredients of the grease compositions of this invention namely (1) the substantially water-insoluble hydrocarbyl polyamines, (2) the organic lubricating oil, and (3) the inorganic thickening agent, have been described above together with a general guide to the relative proportions in which they can be combine.
• other ingredients not absolutely essential to the attainment of the objects of this invention may be and often are included in grease compositions produced, in accordance with this invention, by combining the three above-mentioned essential ingredients.
• additional ingredients may include, for example, extreme pressure additives, oxidation inhibitors, viscosity index modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, coloring agents, or any other minor ingredients the presence of which does not interfere with the performance of the composition as a water-resistant grease in high temperature service.
• ing action should include a considerable amount of internal shear.
• This shear can be produced, for example, by intensive mechanical working such as in roll milling, ball milling, or colloid milling or by high speed kinetic flow such as in pressure homogenization.
• One of the preferred techniques for making said grease compositions involves dissolving the polyamine additives in the oleaginous vehicle and subsequently incorporating the inorganic thickening agent by milling it into the compounded vehicle. It is also possible to disperse the polyamine additive on the inorganic thickening agent prior to its incorporation in the oleaginous vehicle.
• the resulting hydrophobic inorganic thickener can be used with advantage in elastomers, certain paint systems, etc. as well as in greases.
• the use of elevated temperatures in combining and mixing together the various ingredients of the grease may simplify the manufacturing process in many instances.
• the high temperature water resistance of a given grease composition is not reduced by its having been heated during the manufacturing process to a temperature of 100 to 200 C., and it may even, in some cases, be better than that of a grease of the same composition prepared without heating.
• Example I Twelve parts by weight of a pyrogenic silica made by high temperature hydrolysis of SiCL; vapors in a flame produced by burning a hydrogen-containing fuel (said silica analyzing about 99% SiO and having an average particle size of about 20 millimicrons) was intimately incorporated into 88 parts by weight of a refined paraffin base lubricating oil having a viscosity of 65 SSU at 210 F. and a viscosity index of 100 to give a grease of medium consistency. While the resulting grease exhibits good high temperature stability under dry conditions, it is so sensitive to water that it will disintegrate rapidly in contact with condensed water even at ordinary temperatures and will change consistency rapidly in contact with a moist atmosphere, especially at slightly elevated temperatures.
• a polyamine of this invention is A polyamine of this invention.
• the resulting modified greases were pressed into cylindrical plugs about 1 cm. in diameter and 3.5 cm. in length.
• the water stability of said greases was then tested by observing the time required for such a plug of each grease to start to fragment in water at room temperature and in boiling water. The results are shown in the following table.
• Pyrogenic alumina, titania, zirconia or mixtures of such oxides of equivalent particle size may be substituted for the pyrogenic silica in the above example, and/or synthetic lubricant oils can be substituted for the petroleum oil vehicle without significantly afiecting these results.
• Example II Five parts of N-(tallow hydrocarbyl) propylene-1,3 diamine and 52 parts of pyrogenic silica of about 20 millimicrons in average particle size were milled into 750 parts of refined paraflin base lubricating oil having a viscosity at 210 F. of 148 SSU and a viscosity index of 102, using a 3-roll mill, to produce a grease having a worked penetration at 71 F. of 298 by ASTM method D-217-48. On being refluxed in boiling water, uncompressed lumps of said grease 'Were still intact and substantially unchanged in consistency after about 50 hours and still of useful consistency after over l00hours.
• N-(tallow hydrocarbyl) propylene- 1,3 diamine in place of the N-(tallow hydrocarbyl) propylene- 1,3 diamine in the above example equal amounts of N-(alkyl phenyl) propylene-1,3 diamine in which the alkyl group averages about 12 carbon atoms in size may be substituted with substantially the same results.
• Example III About 22 parts of N-(coconut hydrocarbyl) propylene- 1,3 diamine were dissolved in about 750 parts of the refined lubricating oil used in Example I and parts of the pyrogenic silica of Example I were then stirred into the modified oil using a Hobart mixer. The resulting grease had a worked ASTM (60 strokes) penetration at 73 F. of about 296. An uncompressed lump of this grease remained intact and substantially unchanged in consistency and lubricating power after being subjected to boiling water for 98 hours.
• the resulting grease is undesirably thin having a worked ASTM (60 strokes) penetration of over 411 at 74 F.
• the loading of pyrogenic silica in the composition must be increased by over 30% and the dioleate salt must be used in amounts at least 50% greater than that of the diamine shown above.
• a grease composition stable at high temperatures even in the presence of water consisting essentially of a lubricating oil, a finely-divided inorganic thickening agent chosen from the group consisting of metal oxides, metalloid oxides, bentonitic clays and attapulgite clays, the amount of said thickening agent being sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to the composition, and about to 40% by weight of said thickening agent of a polyamine having the formula where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing a total of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms at least 5 of which are consecutively linked to one another in an open chain, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 2 to 4 and x is an integer from 1 to 3 the exact values of n and x being selected so that the product of n-x is not greater than 6.
• a water-resistant thickened lubricant composition suitable for high-temperature use consisting essentially of a lubricating oil, an inorganic oxide thickening agent in an amount sufiicient to impart a grease-like consistency to the composition, and about 5% to 40% by weight of said inorganic thickening agent of a polyamine having the formula where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing a total of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms at least 5 of which are consecutively linked to one another in an open chain, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 2 to 4 and x is an integer from 1 to 3.
• a water-resistant high temperature grease composition consisting essentially of from about 2 to about 14% by weight of a substantially anhydrous pyrogenic silica the average particle size of which is less than 0.05micron, from about 10% to about by weight of said silica of an'aliphatic diamine having the formula where R is a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from about 12 to about 20 carbon atoms and R is selected from the group consisting of H and monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, and, accounting for substantially all of the remainder of said composition, a solvent-extracted mineral oil.
• a hydrophobic filter and bodying agent consisting essentially of a colloidally subdivided inorganic solid selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metalloid oxides, bentonitic clays and attapulgite clays and dispersed on the surface of said inorganic solid an aliphatic polyamine having the formula where R is a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon-atoms, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, n is aninteger from 2 to 4 and x is an integer from 1 to 3, the exact values of n and x being so chosen that the productVn-x is not greater than 6.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Citations (3)

• 0
  • BE BE557242D patent/BE557242A/xx unknown
  • DE DENDAT1049522D patent/DE1049522B/de active Pending
• 1956
  • 1956-05-04 US US582668A patent/US2898295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1957
  • 1957-05-03 FR FR1174765D patent/FR1174765A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1957-05-06 GB GB14380/57A patent/GB833051A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (3)

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