US2893913A - Wetting and dispersing agents containing a water-soluble lignosulfonic acid salt - Google Patents
Wetting and dispersing agents containing a water-soluble lignosulfonic acid salt Download PDFInfo
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- US2893913A US2893913A US531281A US53128155A US2893913A US 2893913 A US2893913 A US 2893913A US 531281 A US531281 A US 531281A US 53128155 A US53128155 A US 53128155A US 2893913 A US2893913 A US 2893913A
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- wetting
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- water
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- dispersing agents
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 title description 13
- FOGYNLXERPKEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS(O)(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS(O)(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O FOGYNLXERPKEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012241 liquid toxicant Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 231100001111 liquid toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- -1 rosin acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BIWJNBZANLAXMG-YQELWRJZSA-N chloordaan Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)[C@@]2(Cl)C3CC(Cl)C(Cl)C3[C@]1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl BIWJNBZANLAXMG-YQELWRJZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Chemical compound Cl[C@H]1[C@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@H](Cl)[C@H]1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEXKIPRKGNEQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-3-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-phenylethyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C(C=CC=1)C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1)Cl PEXKIPRKGNEQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-hexanone Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)=O FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)OCC JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-OLQVQODUSA-N (3ar,7as)-2-(trichloromethylsulfanyl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXOFYPKXCSULTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,7,9-tetramethyldec-5-yne-4,7-diol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(O)C#CC(C)(O)CC(C)C LXOFYPKXCSULTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJISLFCKHOHLLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethoxyphosphorylsulfanyl-n,n-diethylethanamine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)SCCN(CC)CC PJISLFCKHOHLLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005745 Captan Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DDT Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBYJBZPUGVGKQQ-KCHUEWMZSA-N Isodrin Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C=C[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@](C3(Cl)Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)[C@@]3(Cl)[C@H]12 QBYJBZPUGVGKQQ-KCHUEWMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005949 Malathion Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDCBOTIENDVCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TEPP Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OP(=O)(OCC)OCC IDCBOTIENDVCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000392 biological toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N captan Chemical group C1C=CCC2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C(=O)C21 LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117949 captan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DFBKLUNHFCTMDC-PICURKEMSA-N dieldrin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H]2[C@@]3(Cl)C(Cl)=C([C@]([C@H]22)(Cl)C3(Cl)Cl)Cl)[C@H]2[C@@H]2[C@H]1O2 DFBKLUNHFCTMDC-PICURKEMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGPMUTDCEIKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dieldrin Natural products CC1=C(Cl)C2(Cl)C3C4CC(C5OC45)C3C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl NGPMUTDCEIKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006824 dieldrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FAXIJTUDSBIMHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy-(2-ethylsulfanylethoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane;1-diethoxyphosphorylsulfanyl-2-ethylsulfanylethane Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)SCCSCC.CCOP(=S)(OCC)OCCSCC FAXIJTUDSBIMHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DFBKLUNHFCTMDC-GKRDHZSOSA-N endrin Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H]2[C@@]3(Cl)C(Cl)=C([C@]([C@H]22)(Cl)C3(Cl)Cl)Cl)[C@@H]2[C@H]2[C@@H]1O2 DFBKLUNHFCTMDC-GKRDHZSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Natural products ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002809 lindane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000453 malathion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012242 solid toxicant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001112 solid toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- XIUROWKZWPIAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfotep Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OP(=S)(OCC)OCC XIUROWKZWPIAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
Definitions
- Unitfid S ates ate wETfiNG AND, .msraasnsc GENTS CONTAIN- TING A WATER-SOLUBLE LIGNOSULFONIC ACID. SALT James C. Wiedow, Creve Coeur, Mo., assignor to Monsanto Chemical Company, St. LlliS,.M0'., a corporation of Delaware N0 Drawing. Application August 29, 1955 Serial No. 531,281
- This invention relates to a wetting and dispersing agent which is adapted forthe preparation of solid powders capable of beingreadily dispersed in water. More specifically, the invention relates to formulations, and particularly biocide formulations, suitable for the preparation of non-foaming permanent dispersions in both hard and soft water.
- wetting agents it is conventional to use wetting agents in treating water-insoluble powders for the purpose of rendering them readily dispersible in Water.
- Many of the known wetting agents are objectionable in that they are not capable of use in both hard and soft waters.
- Many of the known dispersing agents foam excessively and are, therefore, not adaptable to many types of application equipment.
- Many of the known dispersing agents do not provide a permanent suspension, the insoluble powder separating from the suspending medium upon storage or during use. Although all of these properties are recognized as desirable, it is difiicult to achieve all in the same formulation, and a formulation superior with respect to all of the properties is virtually unknown.
- This invention which is based upon the use of a salt of lignosulfonic acid and preferably the sodium salt, requires in addition other wetting and dispersing agents to provide a formulation with a high level of performance with respect to the several desired properties.
- Sodium lignosulfonate is known to be a dispersing agent which is usable in hard water; however, it does not have value as a wetting agent. Accordingly, it has been found that the use of a condensation product of a rosin acid and ethylene oxide will greatly improve the wetting properties of the sodium lignosulfonate.
- the new wetting and dispersing agent will contain from thirty (30) to eighty (80) percent by weight of the rosin acid esters made by the condensation of the rosin acid with ethylene oxide.
- a very useful group of esters are those in which one (1) mole of rosin, rosin acid or tall oil is condensed with from five (5) to twenty (20) moles of ethylene oxide.
- a preferred class of wetting and dispersing agents are those wherein the rosin acid ester is present to the extent of 40 to 65 percent by weight.
- the new wetting agents also contain soluble salts of lignosulfonic acid, for example, the alkali metal salts and particularly the sodium lignosulfonate. These salts may be present to the extentof 10 R percent by weight and preferably 20 to 30 percent. a
- a critical component of the new dispersing agents is the acetylenic glycol having the structural formula in which the R, R, R" and R represent alkyl radicals having up to six (6) carbon atoms. These glycols may be present to the extent of 10 to 35 and preferably from 20 to 30 percent by weight.
- a preferred class of the acetylenic glycols are those having the structural formula wherein R and R are alkyl radicals containing three (3) to five (5) carbon atoms.
- Suitable acetylenio glycols are those prepared by condensing acetylene with aliphatic ketones.
- the compound of Formula A wherein R, R, R" and RT are all methyl is prepared by condensing two moles of acetone with one of acety-
- acetylenic glycols are those prepared from mixed ketones for example, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl isoamyl ketone, with acetylene to form a compound such as
- any water-insoluble, finely divided solid substance can be rendered readily and completely dispersible in water for the purpose of preparing non-foaming suspensions in water of any degree of hardness.
- Suitable dusts for this formulation may be any of the'conventional solid biocidal agents, for example, tetram'ethylthiuram disulfide, DDT (dichlorodiphenyl trichlorethane), lindane (gamma-1,2, 3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane), dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, isodrin, chlordane, DDYP (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate), captan (N-[trichloromethylthiol-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide), other solid fungicides, insecticides, herbicides and bactericides, and other conventional solid substances used in agricultural and industrial formulations.
- DDT dichlorodiphenyl trichlorethane
- lindane gamma-1,2, 3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane
- dieldrin aldrin
- endrin iso
- solid diluents which facilitate the preparation, storage, handling, and use of the wettable powders. Through the use of these substances a product otherwise having the tendency to cake may be rendered permanently freeflowing.
- the diluents also enable the uniform applica tion of the active ingredient by preventing local excesses of the active ingredient.
- the solid diluents also tend to make the active component more available over a longer period of time than would otherwise be possible.
- Suitable diluents include the various natural minerals, for example, clays, such as kaolinite, fullers earth, bentonite, hydrous aluminum silicate and attapulgite, diatomaceous earth or other forms of silica, talc, mica, chalk and pyrophyllite.
- Other chemically modified natural products are capable of use as diluents, for example, the acid Washed bentonites, the reprecipitated calcium o-phosphates, and the reprecipitated calcium carbonates.
- Other water-in soluble solid substances either natural, mineral, chemically modified or wholly synthetic substances may also be used.
- the active component may be present to the extent of 5 to 97 percent, the solid diluent from to 92 percent and the new dispersing and wetting agent to the extent of 3 to 12 percent.
- dispersing agents will usually vary between 5 and percent, the active component from to 80 percent and the solid diluents from 15 to 80 percent. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the formulations are variable within certain limits and may be adapted by the user in accordance with the specific requirements of the biological toxicant, or other active agent, the particular type of application contemplated, and the conventional practice in the art.
- the solid diluent containing formulations may be those wherein the diluent acts as a carrier for liquid active agents such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate, tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate, parathion (0,0 diethyl O-[p-nitrophenyllphosphorothioate), methylparathion, malathion (diethyl[dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio] succinate), demeton (0,0-diethyl O-[2- ⁇ ethylthio ⁇ ethyl]phosphorothioate) and other liquid toxicants and other liquid compounds of which readily dispersible wettable powders are desired.
- liquid active agents such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate, tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate, parathion (0,0 diethyl O-[p-nitrophenyllphosphorothioate), methylparathion, malathion (
- Example 1 A finely pulverized DDT was formulated using kaolin as the solid diluent and the dispersing and wetting agent as follows:
- This composition was readily dispersed in water containing 1,000 p.p.m. of hardness to form a stable non-foaming suspension.
- the resulting wettable powder was completely dispersible in both hard and soft waters.
- Example 2 Using the procedure described in the previous example the following components were blended.
- Example 3 Another excellent biocidal formulation was prepared by blending the following into a solid mixture.
- This mixture was mixed with hard water to form stable dispersions of parathion which did not foam during use.
- the wetting and dispersing agent comprising 30 to percent by weight of condensation product of one mole of rosin acid and from 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, from 10 to 35 percent of an acetylenic glycol having the formula wherein R, R, R" and R'" are alkyl radicals having up to six (6) carbon atoms, and from 10 to 35 percent of a Water soluble lignosulfonic acid salt.
- the wetting and dispersing agent comprising 40 to 65 percent by weight of condensation product of 1 mole of rosin acid and from 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, from 20 to 30 percent of an acetylenic glycol having the formula wherein R and R are alkyl radicals having three (3) to five (5) carbon atoms and from 20 to 30 percent of a water soluble lignosulfonic acid salt.
- a wettable pulverulent solid comprising 88 to 97 percent by weight of a water -insoluble, finely divided solid and from 3 to 12 percent of the dispersing agent defined by claim 1 4.
- a wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic composition comprising up to 92 percent of a solid pulverulent diluent based on the total composition, 5 to 97 percent of a finely divided solid toxicant and from 3 to 12 percent of the wetting and dispersing agent defined by claim 1.
- a wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic compound comprising 15 to 80 percent of a Water-insoluble finely divided toxicant, from 15 to 80 percent of a solid diluent and from 5 to 10 percent of the dispersing agent defined by claim 2.
- a wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic composition comprising a mixture of a liquid toxicant, sufficient water-insoluble solid pulverulent diluent to absorb the said liquid toxicant and produce a pulverulent mixture, and from 3 to 12 percent (based on the weight of the said toxic composition) of the wetting and dispersing agent defined by claim 1.
- composition defined by claim 6 wherein the liquid toxicant is 0,0-diethyl O-(p-nitrophenyDphosphorothiate.
- composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is dichlorodiphenyl trichlorethane.
- composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane.
- composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide
Description
Unitfid S ates ate wETfiNG AND, .msraasnsc GENTS CONTAIN- TING A WATER-SOLUBLE LIGNOSULFONIC ACID. SALT James C. Wiedow, Creve Coeur, Mo., assignor to Monsanto Chemical Company, St. LlliS,.M0'., a corporation of Delaware N0 Drawing. Application August 29, 1955 Serial No. 531,281
11 Claims. (c1. 167-42 This invention relates to a wetting and dispersing agent which is adapted forthe preparation of solid powders capable of beingreadily dispersed in water. More specifically, the invention relates to formulations, and particularly biocide formulations, suitable for the preparation of non-foaming permanent dispersions in both hard and soft water.
It is conventional to use wetting agents in treating water-insoluble powders for the purpose of rendering them readily dispersible in Water. Many of the known wetting agents are objectionable in that they are not capable of use in both hard and soft waters. Many of the known dispersing agents foam excessively and are, therefore, not adaptable to many types of application equipment. Many of the known dispersing agents do not provide a permanent suspension, the insoluble powder separating from the suspending medium upon storage or during use. Although all of these properties are recognized as desirable, it is difiicult to achieve all in the same formulation, and a formulation superior with respect to all of the properties is virtually unknown.
This invention, which is based upon the use of a salt of lignosulfonic acid and preferably the sodium salt, requires in addition other wetting and dispersing agents to provide a formulation with a high level of performance with respect to the several desired properties. Sodium lignosulfonate is known to be a dispersing agent which is usable in hard water; however, it does not have value as a wetting agent. Accordingly, it has been found that the use of a condensation product of a rosin acid and ethylene oxide will greatly improve the wetting properties of the sodium lignosulfonate. The combination of these two active components is still not satisfactory, because the powder is not redispersible in water, but it hasbeen found that the addition of an acetylenic glycol will not only render the formulation redispersible, but it further improves the wetting and dispersing properties. It has been found that the proper combination of the various wetting and dispersing agents provides a synergistic effect in the preparation of desirable formulations of a wide variety of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and other industrial and agricultural formulations. It has been found that even coarse powders, prepared by ordinary grinding methods, for example, in hammermills, will readily form stable suspensions in water containing as high as 1,000 p.p.m. of total hardness.
The new wetting and dispersing agent will contain from thirty (30) to eighty (80) percent by weight of the rosin acid esters made by the condensation of the rosin acid with ethylene oxide. A very useful group of esters are those in which one (1) mole of rosin, rosin acid or tall oil is condensed with from five (5) to twenty (20) moles of ethylene oxide. A preferred class of wetting and dispersing agents are those wherein the rosin acid ester is present to the extent of 40 to 65 percent by weight.
" The new wetting agents also contain soluble salts of lignosulfonic acid, for example, the alkali metal salts and particularly the sodium lignosulfonate. These salts may be present to the extentof 10 R percent by weight and preferably 20 to 30 percent. a
A critical component of the new dispersing agents is the acetylenic glycol having the structural formula in which the R, R, R" and R represent alkyl radicals having up to six (6) carbon atoms. These glycols may be present to the extent of 10 to 35 and preferably from 20 to 30 percent by weight.
A preferred class of the acetylenic glycols are those having the structural formula wherein R and R are alkyl radicals containing three (3) to five (5) carbon atoms. Suitable acetylenio glycols are those prepared by condensing acetylene with aliphatic ketones. For example, the compound of Formula A wherein R, R, R" and RT are all methyl is prepared by condensing two moles of acetone with one of acety- Among the preferred class of acetylenic glycols (Formula B) are those prepared from mixed ketones for example, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl isoamyl ketone, with acetylene to form a compound such as In the use of the novel wetting and dispersing agents any water-insoluble, finely divided solid substance can be rendered readily and completely dispersible in water for the purpose of preparing non-foaming suspensions in water of any degree of hardness. Suitable dusts for this formulation may be any of the'conventional solid biocidal agents, for example, tetram'ethylthiuram disulfide, DDT (dichlorodiphenyl trichlorethane), lindane (gamma-1,2, 3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane), dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, isodrin, chlordane, DDYP (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate), captan (N-[trichloromethylthiol-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide), other solid fungicides, insecticides, herbicides and bactericides, and other conventional solid substances used in agricultural and industrial formulations.
, It is sometimes desirable to include in the formulation solid diluents which facilitate the preparation, storage, handling, and use of the wettable powders. Through the use of these substances a product otherwise having the tendency to cake may be rendered permanently freeflowing. The diluents also enable the uniform applica tion of the active ingredient by preventing local excesses of the active ingredient. The solid diluents also tend to make the active component more available over a longer period of time than would otherwise be possible. Suitable diluents include the various natural minerals, for example, clays, such as kaolinite, fullers earth, bentonite, hydrous aluminum silicate and attapulgite, diatomaceous earth or other forms of silica, talc, mica, chalk and pyrophyllite. Other chemically modified natural products are capable of use as diluents, for example, the acid Washed bentonites, the reprecipitated calcium o-phosphates, and the reprecipitated calcium carbonates. Other water-in soluble solid substances either natural, mineral, chemically modified or wholly synthetic substances may also be used.
In the preparation of formulations it has been found that the active component may be present to the extent of 5 to 97 percent, the solid diluent from to 92 percent and the new dispersing and wetting agent to the extent of 3 to 12 percent. In the preferred formulations it has been found that dispersing agents will usually vary between 5 and percent, the active component from to 80 percent and the solid diluents from 15 to 80 percent. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the formulations are variable within certain limits and may be adapted by the user in accordance with the specific requirements of the biological toxicant, or other active agent, the particular type of application contemplated, and the conventional practice in the art.
The solid diluent containing formulations may be those wherein the diluent acts as a carrier for liquid active agents such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate, tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate, parathion (0,0 diethyl O-[p-nitrophenyllphosphorothioate), methylparathion, malathion (diethyl[dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio] succinate), demeton (0,0-diethyl O-[2-{ethylthio}ethyl]phosphorothioate) and other liquid toxicants and other liquid compounds of which readily dispersible wettable powders are desired.
Further details of the practice of this invention will be set forth with respect to the following examples.
Example 1 A finely pulverized DDT was formulated using kaolin as the solid diluent and the dispersing and wetting agent as follows:
Wt. percent Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) 50.0 Kaolin 43.5 Sodium lignosulfonate 1.5 Product of tall oil (1 mole) and ethylene oxide (11 moles) 3.5 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol 1.5
This composition was readily dispersed in water containing 1,000 p.p.m. of hardness to form a stable non-foaming suspension. The resulting wettable powder was completely dispersible in both hard and soft waters.
Example 2 Using the procedure described in the previous example the following components were blended.
A readily dispersible pulverulent toxicant was formed which was useful in both hard and soft waters.
4 Example 3 Another excellent biocidal formulation was prepared by blending the following into a solid mixture.
This mixture was mixed with hard water to form stable dispersions of parathion which did not foam during use.
What is claimed is:
1. The wetting and dispersing agent comprising 30 to percent by weight of condensation product of one mole of rosin acid and from 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, from 10 to 35 percent of an acetylenic glycol having the formula wherein R, R, R" and R'" are alkyl radicals having up to six (6) carbon atoms, and from 10 to 35 percent of a Water soluble lignosulfonic acid salt.
2. The wetting and dispersing agent comprising 40 to 65 percent by weight of condensation product of 1 mole of rosin acid and from 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide, from 20 to 30 percent of an acetylenic glycol having the formula wherein R and R are alkyl radicals having three (3) to five (5) carbon atoms and from 20 to 30 percent of a water soluble lignosulfonic acid salt.
3. A wettable pulverulent solid comprising 88 to 97 percent by weight of a water -insoluble, finely divided solid and from 3 to 12 percent of the dispersing agent defined by claim 1 4. A wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic composition comprising up to 92 percent of a solid pulverulent diluent based on the total composition, 5 to 97 percent of a finely divided solid toxicant and from 3 to 12 percent of the wetting and dispersing agent defined by claim 1.
5. A wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic compound comprising 15 to 80 percent of a Water-insoluble finely divided toxicant, from 15 to 80 percent of a solid diluent and from 5 to 10 percent of the dispersing agent defined by claim 2.
6. A wettable pulverulent solid biologically toxic composition comprising a mixture of a liquid toxicant, sufficient water-insoluble solid pulverulent diluent to absorb the said liquid toxicant and produce a pulverulent mixture, and from 3 to 12 percent (based on the weight of the said toxic composition) of the wetting and dispersing agent defined by claim 1.
7. The composition defined by claim 6 wherein the liquid toxicant is 0,0-diethyl O-(p-nitrophenyDphosphorothiate. I
8. The composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is dichlorodiphenyl trichlorethane.
9. The composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane.
10. The composition defined by claim 4 wherein the toxicant is N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide,
5 6 11. The composition defined by claim 4 wherein the 2,530,770 Hopperstead Nov. 21, 1950 toxicant is chlordane. 2,731,338 Fike et a1. Jan. 17, 1956 References Cited in the file of this patent ()THER REFERENCES UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Roark: U.S.D.A., A Digest on Infor. on Chlordane, 1,881,745 Linder Oct. 11, 1932 publ. E-817 (1951), p. 10. 2,163,720 Vaughn June 27, 1939 Frear: Chem. of Insecticides, Fungicides and Herbi- 2,509,233 Kaberg May 30, 1950 cides, 2nd ed., 1948, p. 67.
Claims (1)
1. THE WETTING AND DISPERSING AGENT COMPRISING 30 TO 80 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF ONE MOLE OF ROSIN ACID AND FROM 5 TO 20 MOLES OF ETHYLENE OXIDE, FROM 10 TO 35 PERCENT OF AN ACETYLENIC GLYCOL HAVING THE FORMULA
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3072580A (en) * | 1957-08-07 | 1963-01-08 | Gillette Co | Shampoo composition |
US3164516A (en) * | 1960-04-07 | 1965-01-05 | Plant Products Corp | Insecticidal compositions containing lignin sulfonic acid |
US3254034A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | 1966-05-31 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Aluminosilicate processing |
US3293191A (en) * | 1961-06-26 | 1966-12-20 | Cumberland Chemical Corp | Ethylene oxide adducts of tertiary acetylenic alcohols |
US3461080A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1969-08-12 | Olin Mathieson | Method of manufacture of sulfur formulations |
US4389238A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1983-06-21 | J. T. Baker Chemical Company | Flowable herbicide and pesticide formulation |
EP0526443A1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-03 | Monsanto Company | Herbicidal compositions and methods of preparing and using the same |
EP0531269A2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-03-10 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate-containing herbicidal compositions having enhanced effectiveness |
US5639711A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1997-06-17 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate-containing herbicidal compositions having enhanced effectiveness |
US6075060A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2000-06-13 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Trans olefinic diols with surfactant properties |
US20070031671A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Glass fiber-treating agent and glass fiber-treating composition |
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US1881745A (en) * | 1925-01-14 | 1932-10-11 | Chem Fab Milch Aktien Ges | Process of bleaching, dyeing, and printing vegetable and animal fiber material, fabrics, or felt |
US2163720A (en) * | 1937-07-20 | 1939-06-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Res Lab | Preparation of acetylenic alcohols |
US2509233A (en) * | 1946-09-11 | 1950-05-30 | Monsanto Chemicals | Emulsifiable oil concentrates of biological toxicants |
US2530770A (en) * | 1946-09-06 | 1950-11-21 | Goodrich Co B F | Fungicidal composition |
US2731338A (en) * | 1951-01-05 | 1956-01-17 | Monsanto Chemicals | Emulsifying and dispersing agents |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1881745A (en) * | 1925-01-14 | 1932-10-11 | Chem Fab Milch Aktien Ges | Process of bleaching, dyeing, and printing vegetable and animal fiber material, fabrics, or felt |
US2163720A (en) * | 1937-07-20 | 1939-06-27 | Union Carbide & Carbon Res Lab | Preparation of acetylenic alcohols |
US2530770A (en) * | 1946-09-06 | 1950-11-21 | Goodrich Co B F | Fungicidal composition |
US2509233A (en) * | 1946-09-11 | 1950-05-30 | Monsanto Chemicals | Emulsifiable oil concentrates of biological toxicants |
US2731338A (en) * | 1951-01-05 | 1956-01-17 | Monsanto Chemicals | Emulsifying and dispersing agents |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3072580A (en) * | 1957-08-07 | 1963-01-08 | Gillette Co | Shampoo composition |
US3164516A (en) * | 1960-04-07 | 1965-01-05 | Plant Products Corp | Insecticidal compositions containing lignin sulfonic acid |
US3293191A (en) * | 1961-06-26 | 1966-12-20 | Cumberland Chemical Corp | Ethylene oxide adducts of tertiary acetylenic alcohols |
US3254034A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | 1966-05-31 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Aluminosilicate processing |
US3461080A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1969-08-12 | Olin Mathieson | Method of manufacture of sulfur formulations |
US4389238A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1983-06-21 | J. T. Baker Chemical Company | Flowable herbicide and pesticide formulation |
EP0531269A3 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1994-05-25 | Monsanto Co | Glyphosate-containing herbicidal compositions having enhanced effectiveness |
EP0531269A2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-03-10 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate-containing herbicidal compositions having enhanced effectiveness |
EP0526443A1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-03 | Monsanto Company | Herbicidal compositions and methods of preparing and using the same |
US5639711A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1997-06-17 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate-containing herbicidal compositions having enhanced effectiveness |
US5658853A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1997-08-19 | Monsanto Company | Glyphosate herbicidal compositions having enhanced rainfastness comprising an acetylenic diol and an alkyl polyglycoside |
US6075060A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2000-06-13 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Trans olefinic diols with surfactant properties |
US20070031671A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Glass fiber-treating agent and glass fiber-treating composition |
US20110076503A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2011-03-31 | Toru Mizusaki | Glass fiber-treating agent and glass fiber-treating composition |
US8216673B2 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2012-07-10 | Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Glass fiber-treating agent and glass fiber-treating composition |
US8563132B2 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2013-10-22 | Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Glass fiber-treating agent and glass fiber-treating composition |
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