US289278A

US289278A - Office

Info

Publication number: US289278A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1883-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 1900-11-27

Description

(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. E. LEADLEY.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEATING OR ILLUMINATING GAS.

No. 289,278. Patented Nov. 2'7, 1888.

wz'zneasea' A ZZQQA (No Model.

4' Shets- Sheet 2. r J. E. LEADLEY. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEATING 0R ILLUMINATING GAS. No. 289,278.

' Patented Nbvr2'7, 18183.

(No Model.) A 4 Sheets-Sheet s.

' J. E. L EADLEY.

' APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEATING 0R ILLUMINATING GAS. No. 289,278. Patented Nov. 2'7, 1883.

(No Model.)

J. E. LEADL EY.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING HEATING 0R ILLUMINATI'NG GAS. No. 289,278.

8 S I Q fave/J67,

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

' l JJ?% UNITED STATES PATENT @BH EQ JAMES E LEADLEY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF V TO JOHN HANLON, OF" NEWV YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING l-IEATING OR ILLUMINATING GAS.

SPECIFICATION. forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,278, dated November 2'7, 1883. Application filed May a, 1983. (No model.)

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES E. LEADLEY, of Camden, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Gen: erating Heating and Illuminating Gas; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being .had to the accom panying drawings, and to. the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of illuminating or heating gas by the decomposition of steam, distillation of soft or bituminouscoal, and thevaporization of hydrocarthe fixing or converting chamber by blasts of air, andthe hot products of complete combustion. are finally conducted through asteamboiler for utilizing all their heat. The apparatus havingbeen heated up, steam is admitted to and decomposed in the incandescent fuel, the resulting gases are conducted into the commingling-chamber, where they are enriched with the vapors of a liquidhydrocarbon, and the mixed gases and vapors are then conducted into and through the peculiar fix- I ing-chamber, where they are converted into a fixed homogeneous gas, and the completed gas is finally conducted through the steamboiler into the hydraulic main or seal-box, fromwhich it is passed to the purifiers on its .way to the holder. Small charges of bitumi- 11ous coal are periodically dropped upon the coked incandescent fuel in the generator and distilled, yielding a large volume of rich gas, which i's'mixed with the gases resulting from the decomposition of steam, and is thus reduced to coke, which is used for decomposing the steam. The oil is forced in measured quantities, by air-pressure, into the vaporizing and commingling chamber.

My apparatus is of peculiar and novel con struction, and the improvement therein constitut ing my invention will be pointed out in the claims.

Having stated the nature and object of my invention, I will now more particularly describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- T Figure 1 represents an elevation of the entire apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal vertical section thereof, with theoil and air tanks in elevation. Fig. 3' represents a 0 horizontal sect-ion of the apparatus. Fig. 4 is a. view, 011 an enlarged scale, of the top of the generator and fixing-chamber, showing the charging apparatus with portions broken away. Fig. 5 is a plan view thereof; and Fig. 7

6 is a horizontal section thereof,showing the air-inlet pipes connected with the generatingchamber, the commingling and vaporizing chamber, and the converting or fixing chamber. i

The generator A is of the usual construction, having a tight-fitting ash-pit door, a, and having. a flue, b, connecting at itstop and extending down through the wall to the base of the vaporizing and commingling chamberB. Within chamber 13 is erected the vertical V3.7 porizing cylinder or retort 0, having an open flaring ortrumpet-shap'ed mouth at thetop, and connecting at the bottom by pipe D with the converting and fixing chamber. The vapor- 9o izer has near its top a conical oil-distributer, c, resting upon lugs or an annular flange projecting from the insideof retort, and the enlarged mouth of the oil-inlet pipe 9 projects down over the distributer. Below the dis- 5 tributer are placed the open-work or cellular commingling devices 0, formed of bars or slats of fire-brick in the form of double cones. A dome, b, is mounted on chamber B, for supporting the oil-inlet pipe 9. The converting I00 and fixing chamber E has a smoke-stack, e, with a tight fitting lid opening into a funnel above, and has arranged internallya central cylindrical flue, F, provided with an external spiral flange, f, extending from its top to bottom and between the flue and the inner surface of the walls of the chamber. The flue F is open at the top and connects at the bottom by a short flue, H, with the large central flue, H, of the steam-boiler K. The boiler is of the flue and tubular variety, having a large central flue, H, for the passage of hot gases and waste products of combustion from the generating apparatus, and also having a fire-box and the ordinary tubes and stack. It forms the subject of a separate application, and is therefore not herein specifically described.

A pipe, L, and branch Z conduct gas into the hydraulic seal-box L, from which it is passed by pipe Z to the purifiers or holder, and a rising branch, Z, having a tight-fitting lid at the top, conducts waste products of combustion to the funnel above. The boiler is provided on the outside with the usual pressure gage, water-gage, and safety-valve, and a pipe, k, rising from the dome connects with generator A and with the engine of the airpump d by a branch, is. Air-pipes X, having valves :20, connect with the base of generator A, commingling-chamber B, and fixingchamber E, for supplying air to support combustion inthose chambers. Hydrocarbon oil is supplied to the vaporizing-retort O by pipe g from a pressure-tank, G. An air-pump, d, and a reservoir, I, connected by a pipe, I, having a controlling-valve, are connected to oil-tank by pipe I, having valve 6. The airpipe opens into the top of the oil-tank, supplying air under pressure to the surface of the oil, while the outlet oil-pipe 9 extends down to near the bottom of the tank, where its end is open, in order to conduct oil forced by airpressure as long as any oil remains in the tank. Pipe 9 conducts oil into the tank. The pipe 9 is provided with a pressure-gage, g, a valve, 9', and a meter, G. The generating-chamber A has mounted upon its top the charging apparatus A, consisting of three cylinders secured in a pivoted revolving plate, and having a water-cooled base and a chute connecting the cylinders with the interior of the furnace. So far as described the charging apparatus forms the subject of claims in another application; but in addition to the three coalcylinders, there is provided a fourth short cylinder, M, having a cover and astirring-rod, N, passing through it, by which the coal in the furnace may be loosened up and broken, should it adhere together or form arches during the distilling and coking operation. A charge of coal is deposited in the generatingchamber by turning a cylinder filled with coal so as to register with the chute, when the charge slides by gravity down into the chamber. The valves of the air and steam pipes are-provided with rods extending upward, in

order to be operated from a floor above, if desired.

In operating the apparatus a fire is started in the generator, and the combustion urged by a blast of air till a bed of incandescent fuel is obtained, and at the same time the gaseous products given off from the fuel are burned by blasts of air in the commingliug and vaporizing chamber 13 and in the fixing-chamber E,

raising them to a high temperature, and the waste products, still hot, are conducted through the boiler and out of the stack.- heat of the waste gases is not required in the boiler, such gases are passed out of stack e at the top of chamber E. The apparatus having been heated, the air is shut off, the smokestacks closed, and the steam is admitted to the base of the generator and passed up into the incandescent bed of fuel, where it is decomposed, and the resulting gases, together with gas distilled from the coal, are conducted into the commingling and vaporizing -chamber, where at this time oil is admitted into the dist-ributer c of the vaporizer. The hot gases from the generator pass up around the vaporizing-retort O, and then entering at the open mouth thereof pass down with the oil-vapors through the cellular commingling devices 0', the gases serving to carry the oil-vapors along and preventing their deposit in the form of hard carbon or lamp-black on the sides of the chamber and fines. The mingled gases and vapors pass thence into the chamber E,where they pass through the long spiral channel around the cylinder F, and then down'through the cylinder, during which passage they are fully combined and converted into a fixed gas. This gas passes through the boiler, down into the hydraulic seal-box, and thence to the purifiers or holder. By means of the meter G, the quantity of oil supplied to the vaporizingchamber is accurately measured, and the required supply is secured by means of the controlling-valve in the supply-pipe. By means of the reservoir I, a. constant and uniform pressure of air is supplied from the pump to the top of the oil-tank. This does away with the inconvenience and dangers of an elevated oil-supply tank. The generating-chamber and the commingling and vaporizing chamber are preferably formed in one fire-brick structure covered by tightly-riveted plates of boiler-iron, and the fixing-chamber is formed in a closely-connected fire-brick structure, also covered with tightly-riveted plates of boiler-iron.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,-

1. In combination with the generating-furnace and the charging apparatus, the short cylinder M, having a stirring-rod passing through its cover, and mounted upon a pivoted revolving plate with the coal-cylinders, whereby it may be brought'into position over the charging-chute, so that the rod may be In case the IIO thrust into the coal for stirring and breaking it up, and then turned away from heated opening. a

2. In combination with the generator, the commingling, and vaporizing chamber having a central cylinder or retort open at the top, and provided with a distributer, c, and the cellular commingling devices 0 and the oilsupply pipe, as and for the purpose described.

at the bottom and a stack and tight-fitting cap at the top, and having a central flue or cylinder open at the top, and having a discharge-pipe passing through the outer wall of the chamber at the bottom, and provided with a spiral flange forming a spiral passage be-.

tween the cylinder and the wall of the chamber, in combination with a generator.

5. The combination of the generator, the

commingling and vaporizing chamber having a central cylinder open at the top, the fixingchamberhaving a central flue and spiral flange, and a steam-boiler having a central flue and the connecting-pipes, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I afliX my signature presence of two witnesses.

JAS. E. LEADLEY. Witnesses: O. E. DUFFY, B. F. MORSELL.