US2892336A - Apparatus for wet-treating threads, particularly viscose rayon threads - Google Patents

Apparatus for wet-treating threads, particularly viscose rayon threads Download PDF

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Publication number
US2892336A
US2892336A US485178A US48517855A US2892336A US 2892336 A US2892336 A US 2892336A US 485178 A US485178 A US 485178A US 48517855 A US48517855 A US 48517855A US 2892336 A US2892336 A US 2892336A
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Prior art keywords
thread
threads
channels
rollers
wet
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US485178A
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English (en)
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Pensotti Ambrogio
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0445—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using rollers with mutually inclined axes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of artificial threads, particularly viscose rayon threads; and at providing an improved apparatus by which artificial yarn as it comes from the spinneret can be subjected to one or a number of wet treatments such as washing, desulphurizing, bleaching, dyeing, soaping and dressing, in a continuous manner.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved apparatus for wet-treating artificial threads, which is compact, uses relatively few moving parts, and is completely reliable in operation. 7
  • the apparatus includes upper and lower rotatable rollers for supporting a flat tened helicoidal run of the thread to be treated having ascending and descending portions, means forming a plurality of separate channels for receiving said ascending portions of said flattened helicoidal run of thread, and
  • Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the flattened helicoidal form of thread path and showing three rollers by which a thread is supported in this path,
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view showing the principal working parts of the apparatus for applying one treating fluid to a thread at one point
  • Fig. 2a is a perspective fragmentary view of the chanhelled washing plate shown in Fig. 2,
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a part of the apparatus shown in Figure 2,
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a hatchel provided on the machine for controlling the operation of threading the machine
  • Figures 5 and 6 are a front elevation and vertical section respectively of the substantially complete machine
  • Figure 7 is a reproduction of part of Figure 6 on a larger scale
  • s Fig, 7a is a perspective view of a detail sho'whin Fig. 7, drawn to a larger scale.
  • a viscose mix ture mi-tered by means of a gear pump 1
  • a filter 2 and a platinum spinneret 3 into a coagulating bath B, where the cellulose present in the Viscose in liquid state coagulates and takes on a solid form in the usual way, freeing itself of the other substances which make up the viscose mixture.
  • part of these substances continue to adhere to the cellulose, forming a rayon fiber.
  • the thread is moved on towards a first glass roller 4, and from this it passes to a second roller 5, also of glass.
  • the two rollers 4 and 5 are driven by means of the gear mechanism 6, 7 in such-a way that roller 5 has a higher peripheral velocity than the roller 4, so that the thread, which has only just been formed, undergoes permanent stretching suitably adapted to direct the component fibers along the axis of the thread, thus increasing its tenacity and reducing its elasticity.
  • the yarn passes from the second roller 5 to a thread guide 8, which determines the exact point at whichthe yarn is fed to the upper roller 9 of a group ofthree rollers 9, 10 and 11 (see Figs.
  • the intermediate roller 10 has its axis parallel to the lower roller 11 and serves to displace adjacent ascending portions of successive convolutions of a thread F wound on the drums 9 and 10, so that they all he in one plane.
  • a washing plate 12 serving as a guide means for the thread, the front surface of which is formed with a series of separate longitudinal channels 13, having transverse ridges or projections 14 which extend completely across the channels 13, over the side walls 15 of the channels and across the spaces between the channels as shown most clearly in Figures 2, 2a and 3.
  • each ridge Owing to the V-shaped upper outline of the ridges each ridge has within the respective channel an edge which is lower than the edges of the side walls of the channels, so that the liquor may flow along the respective channel without overflowing to the adjacent channels.
  • the plate 12 may have an internal space 16, in which hot water and steam may circulate, entering by means of an orifice 17 and flowing out through another orifice numbered 18, as shown by the arrows p (Fig. 2).
  • the portions of thread extending between the rollers 10 and 11 are arranged to lie in the channels 13, the side walls 15 of which prevent movement of the thread portions from one channel to another.
  • the apparatus is fitted with two deflecting bars 19 and 19, which are mounted eccentrically on control shafts 20 and 20' respectively, and which are originally set in such positions as to support the threads in front of the plate in a plane spaced from the guide plate 12 as indicated at P in Figure 7.
  • an auxiliary elastic belt (not shown) is mounted, only during the initial period, on the cylinders 9 and 11, in line with the guide 8.
  • the rotation of the rollers causes the belt to move along the axis of the roller until it reaches the other extremity of the latter, the displacement being at a rate equal to the distance between successive convolutions of the helicoid for each complete revolution of the belt.
  • the end of the thread coming from the rollers 4 and 5 is attached to this belt, and the thread therefore wraps itself round the rollers 9 and 11, the leading convolution formed at every revolution of the band obviously advancing along the cylinder through a distance equal to the spacing of the convolutions.
  • the thread F is free at the other end, a continuous helix will be formed on the rollers 9 and 11, until the yarn is completely threaded onto the whole length of the rollers 9 and 11.
  • the apparatus is equipped with a rotating hatchel 21 (Fig. 4) consisting of a shaft formed on one side with teeth extending part way round the shaft and on the other side with a flat face.
  • This shaft is rotated by a suitable driving mechanism so that the teeth thereon move alternately into and out of engagement with the thread F.
  • the intermittent disengagement of the teeth enables the endless belt used for threading the machine to advance along the length of the rollers and also permits the convolutions of thread immediately following it to move into position for correct engagement with the teeth of the hatchel which finally brings them to their correct positions along the length of the rollers.
  • a hand device (not shown in the drawing) is provided by which the hatchel 21 can be disconnected from its driving mechanism when the threading process is completed and stopped in a position such that its teeth are in mesh with the thread convolutions.
  • the shafts 20 and 20' are rotated to retract the deflecting bars 19, and 19 thereby allowing the threads to take up their position in the channels 13 of the guide plate 12.
  • the hatchel 21 may now be manually rotated to a position in which its teeth are out of engagement with the threads, since the latter are now guided by the channels 13.
  • the plate 12 is arranged so that there are no channels 13 for the first few convolutions of the winding, thus providing an initial length of path in which the thread is untreated suflicient to allow time for the coagulation process to be completed.
  • a zone of coagulation is thus provided which is so regulated by adjustment of the linear speed of the thread and the length of its path through the zone as to allow the time necessary for completing the coagulation.
  • the thread After leaving this zone, the thread passes into the series of channels 13, which are subdivided into a number of zones in each of which a definite treatment or process takes place, channels belonging to different zones being fed with different solutions.
  • the liquid in the tank 24 creeps up the rod 25 by surface tension and is fed to the channel 13 beneath at the rate of a few drops per second, thus insuring a self-regulating feed of constant flow.
  • the plate 12 is steeply inclined so that the liquids flow downwards over the ridges 14, whilst the thread F advances in the opposite direction.
  • the thread makes contact with the tips of the ridges but is held away from the bottom of the channel. Consequently, as the thread passes over the first ridge, it imbibes liquid part of which is carried over in excess by the thread, as shown by the arrow f.
  • a scraping hatchel 26 acting as a wiper is arranged to remove excess liquid from the thread and return it to the tank 24 from which it came.
  • the liquid which flows down over the first ridge 14 without being picked up by the thread F continues to flow downwards in the bottom of the channel until it reaches the second ridge 14 where part of it impregnates the thread and the other part is carried over in excess, the function of removing the excess from 4 5 the thread being performed by the first ridge 14 in a similar manner to that of the scraping hatchel 26.
  • This is repeated for the further ridges 14 which thus act as scrapers for the liquid fed by the lower ridges to the thread and ascending with said thread from the lower ridges and as liquid feeders for the lengths of thread extending immediately in-contact with them. That is, there is a true and proper continuous replacement of exhausted liquid by new active liquid on the thread and therefore the liquid is fully utilized.
  • the final excess of liquid flowing along the plate is collected by a drip vessel 28 which directs it into the lower collecting and recovery channels 29.
  • each thread After leaving the scraping hatchel on comb 26, each thread passes completely round both rollers 9 and 11 and time is thus allowed for a condition of equilibrium inthe concentration of liquid to be reached in the interior of the thread by osmotic diffusion before the thread passes into the next channel 13.
  • a number of different treatments may be applied to the thread by supplying different treatment fluids to the different channels 13 along which the thread passes in successive phases of its movement.
  • the processes which make up the treatment of the thread in the channels 13 consists of a washing with water to eliminate acidity, desulphurizing to eliminate sulphur and sulphides, bleaching, washing to eliminate the bleaching agents, dyeing, soaping and sizing when required. Additional treatments may be provided for if required, an appropriate number of channels 13 being provided.
  • the thread F is delivered to a collecting device such as the centrifugal spinning box 30 shown in Figure 5 or to bobbins.
  • the cakes or spools thus obtained are dried in suitable channel dryers.
  • an electric motor having an internal stator and an external rotor is .used for driving the centrifugal spinning box.
  • a motor having a rotor which revolves round the stator thus replaces the normal electric motor designed for high speeds of the order of 12,000 revs./minutes, the rotor 34 being shaped as a pulley so as to control the counter-pulley 35 of the centrifuge basket shaft.
  • the centrifuge basket is made to operate at the required speed.
  • 31 indicates a threadguide for distributing the thread to the spinning box 30 and 32 indicates the control means of the shaft 33 and of other collecting and centrifuging devices.
  • the apparatus described may be modified in many ways.
  • some or all of the channels 13 in the washing plate 12 may have only one ridge 14 and the plate may be heated by electric resistors instead of by hot water or by steam.
  • Oscillating thread guides may replace the rotating hatchel 21.
  • the scraping hatchel or comb 26 may be totally eliminated and its function taken over by an appropriate ridge 14 suitably shaped and distant from the lower ridges 14 of the plate 12. In this way, it might be convenient to incorporate the receptacles 24 in the plate 12 and possibly to equip the latter with suitable internal tubes joining up with those from the receptacles.
  • deflecting devices such as the devices 19, 19', 20 and 20' for initially holding the threads away from the channels 13, the same result could be obtained by supporting the guide ascaaee plate 12 so that it can be moved away from the threads.
  • An apparatus for the wet treatment of thread comprising a pair of spaced-apart rollers positioned above each other and defining a multi-convolution path for said thread having a series of substantially parallel ascending and descending reaches; guide means for the convolutions of said thread, said guide means forming a plurality of sloping, substantially parallel channels positioned to receive respective ones of said ascending reaches, said guide means further comprising a plurality of thread-supporting projections in each channel spaced apart in longitudinal direction thereof, said projections being adapted to keep said thread clear of the channel bottom; and a source of treatment liquor positioned adjacent said guide means and adapted continuously to discharge said liquor at a controlled rate into at least one of said channels, said source including a rod of inverted J-shape having a longer depending leg terminating at an adjacent channel of said guide means and a receptacle for said liquor receiving another, shorter leg of said rod.
  • An apparatus further comprising wiper means adapted to remove excess liquor from said thread and positioned above said guide means for engagement with a thread portion ascending from a liquor-supplied channel.
  • said guide means comprises a hollow board formed with said channels and provided with internal heating means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US485178A 1954-02-02 1955-01-31 Apparatus for wet-treating threads, particularly viscose rayon threads Expired - Lifetime US2892336A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT331172X 1954-02-02

Publications (1)

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US2892336A true US2892336A (en) 1959-06-30

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US (1) US2892336A (en))
BE (1) BE535361A (en))
CH (1) CH331172A (en))
FR (1) FR1136253A (en))
GB (1) GB784423A (en))

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3168414A (en) * 1961-03-13 1965-02-02 Fleissner G M B H Fa Process and apparatus for wet-treating fibrous materials
US4056240A (en) * 1977-02-18 1977-11-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Yarn guide
US4719771A (en) * 1985-03-08 1988-01-19 Rieter Scragg Limited Apparatus for applying liquids to yarns

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1778380A (en) * 1928-08-02 1930-10-14 William L Conrad Processing apparatus
US2194470A (en) * 1934-02-05 1940-03-26 North American Rayon Corp Process and apparatus for the manufacture of artificial silk
US2294871A (en) * 1939-07-19 1942-09-01 American Bemberg Corp Method and apparatus for the continuous spinning of artificial silk
FR887922A (fr) * 1941-02-10 1943-11-26 Procédé et appareil pour le finissage des fils ou faisceaux de fils, en particulier des fils de soie artificielle, en traitement continu
US2402313A (en) * 1943-04-06 1946-06-18 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for the liquid treatment of strand material
US2539980A (en) * 1947-04-12 1951-01-30 American Enka Corp Process for the intensive aftertreatment of synthetic threads
US2621390A (en) * 1947-04-14 1952-12-16 Ici Ltd Roll system
US2634596A (en) * 1948-10-06 1953-04-14 Hampton Machine Company Apparatus for treating strands with liquid
US2677949A (en) * 1951-04-28 1954-05-11 Int Paper Canada Thread wiper-guide for use in thread-spinning apparatus
US2694915A (en) * 1952-02-20 1954-11-23 American Enka Corp Stripping guide
US2705881A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-04-12 American Viscose Corp Liquid applicator for strand
US2750780A (en) * 1952-06-18 1956-06-19 Ind Rayon Corp Thread advancing reel having liquid applicator and wiper

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1778380A (en) * 1928-08-02 1930-10-14 William L Conrad Processing apparatus
US2194470A (en) * 1934-02-05 1940-03-26 North American Rayon Corp Process and apparatus for the manufacture of artificial silk
US2294871A (en) * 1939-07-19 1942-09-01 American Bemberg Corp Method and apparatus for the continuous spinning of artificial silk
FR887922A (fr) * 1941-02-10 1943-11-26 Procédé et appareil pour le finissage des fils ou faisceaux de fils, en particulier des fils de soie artificielle, en traitement continu
US2402313A (en) * 1943-04-06 1946-06-18 American Viscose Corp Apparatus for the liquid treatment of strand material
US2539980A (en) * 1947-04-12 1951-01-30 American Enka Corp Process for the intensive aftertreatment of synthetic threads
US2621390A (en) * 1947-04-14 1952-12-16 Ici Ltd Roll system
US2634596A (en) * 1948-10-06 1953-04-14 Hampton Machine Company Apparatus for treating strands with liquid
US2677949A (en) * 1951-04-28 1954-05-11 Int Paper Canada Thread wiper-guide for use in thread-spinning apparatus
US2694915A (en) * 1952-02-20 1954-11-23 American Enka Corp Stripping guide
US2705881A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-04-12 American Viscose Corp Liquid applicator for strand
US2750780A (en) * 1952-06-18 1956-06-19 Ind Rayon Corp Thread advancing reel having liquid applicator and wiper

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3168414A (en) * 1961-03-13 1965-02-02 Fleissner G M B H Fa Process and apparatus for wet-treating fibrous materials
US4056240A (en) * 1977-02-18 1977-11-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Yarn guide
US4719771A (en) * 1985-03-08 1988-01-19 Rieter Scragg Limited Apparatus for applying liquids to yarns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH331172A (de) 1958-07-15
BE535361A (en))
FR1136253A (fr) 1957-05-10
GB784423A (en) 1957-10-09

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