US2890318A - Aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings - Google Patents
Aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2890318A US2890318A US530359A US53035955A US2890318A US 2890318 A US2890318 A US 2890318A US 530359 A US530359 A US 530359A US 53035955 A US53035955 A US 53035955A US 2890318 A US2890318 A US 2890318A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- heating elements
- sheathed heating
- die castings
- sheath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 23
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012773 waffles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
Definitions
- the open coil or exposed heating unit and the sheathed heating unit are used in conjunction with electrical appliances.
- the open coil or exposed heating unit and the sheathed heating unit.
- the present invention is concerned with the sheathed heating units in which the sheathing material is aluminum.
- the prior art die cast aluminum appliances are made with sheathed heating elements, which sheathing comprises various types of steel alloys. These steel sheathed heating elements have many objectionable drawbacks, such as, they are not corrosion resistant, they have a different specific heat than the surrounding aluminum thus are slow in heating up the appliance and they give uneven heat distribution.
- the single figure is a cross-sectional isometric view through a flat iron sole plate showing an aluminum sheathed heating element embedded therein.
- sole plate 1 is a light-weight aluminum die casting, having embedded therein aluminum sheathed heating element 2.
- Heating element 2 comprises tubular aluminum sheath 3 having therein a resistance 5 surrounded by a heat conductive and insulating material 4.
- the insulating material used comprises those inorganic refractory compositions well known to those skilled in the art which at elevated temperatures serve both to electrically insulate the heating element from the surrounding sheath and to conduct the heat to the sheath.
- Such materials as magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, the spinels, etc. are examples of typical substances used for this purpose.
- electrical heating device comprising, an electrical resistance element, a tubular aluminum sheath surrounding said resistance element in spaced concentric relation therefrom, and electrical insulating and heat conducting material filling the space between said element and said sheath, and an aluminum heat transmitting body having a portion cast in continuous intimate engagement with a. pre-determined circumferential portion of said tubular sheath, said circumferential portion being greater than 180 of the circumferential dimension of said sheath, the remaining circumferential portion of said sheath remain ing exposed.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
June 9, 1959 M. A. KRUSE 2,890,318
ALUMINUM SHEATHED HEATING ELEMENTS IN ALUMINUM DIE CASTINGS Filed Aug. 24, 1955 INVENTOR. MA fiV/N A. Kin/5f BY M United States Patent O ALUMINUM SHEATHED HEATING ELEMENTS IN ALUMINUM DIE CASTINGS Marvin A. Kruse, Chicago, Ill., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Ferro Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application August 24, 1955, Serial No. 530,359
1 Claim. (Cl. 219-34) This invention relates as indicated to aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings and more particularly to a method of producing the same.
Two types of heating units are used in conjunction with electrical appliances. The open coil or exposed heating unit and the sheathed heating unit. The present invention is concerned with the sheathed heating units in which the sheathing material is aluminum.
Various kinds of electrically heated appliances such as fiat iron sole plates, fry pans, percolators, have been and are presently being made by die casting of aluminum.
The prior art die cast aluminum appliances are made with sheathed heating elements, which sheathing comprises various types of steel alloys. These steel sheathed heating elements have many objectionable drawbacks, such as, they are not corrosion resistant, they have a different specific heat than the surrounding aluminum thus are slow in heating up the appliance and they give uneven heat distribution.
It is therefore the principal object of the present in vention to provide an electrically heated appliance with a heating element which overcomes the above discussed objections.
Other objects will become apparent as the description proceeds.
To the accomplishments of the foregoing and related ends, the invention then comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claim, the following description and the annexed drawings setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
In said annexed drawing:
The single figure is a cross-sectional isometric view through a flat iron sole plate showing an aluminum sheathed heating element embedded therein.
Referring more specifically to the drawing, sole plate 1 is a light-weight aluminum die casting, having embedded therein aluminum sheathed heating element 2. Heating element 2 comprises tubular aluminum sheath 3 having therein a resistance 5 surrounded by a heat conductive and insulating material 4. The insulating material used comprises those inorganic refractory compositions well known to those skilled in the art which at elevated temperatures serve both to electrically insulate the heating element from the surrounding sheath and to conduct the heat to the sheath. Such materials as magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, the spinels, etc. are examples of typical substances used for this purpose.
Those skilled in the art will readily recognize several 6 outstanding features in the sole plate illustrated in the 2,890,158 Patented June 9, I959 figure. First, it will be seen that while heating element 2 is embedded in sole plate 1 it is not completely covered by the casting. In prior art appliances it is necessary to cover the heating element with aluminum during the die casting process. Since the sheath of prior art heating elements lack corrosion resistance they must be covered with the aluminum metal for protection. Secondly, since the sheath of the present heating element is aluminum it has substantially the same specific heat as the surrounding sole plate; thus resulting in an appliance having a more even distribution of heat and quicker heat up ability. Third, since it is possible to leave the heating element exposed the die castings can be made thinner and thus be much lighter in weight.
In order to successfully practice my invention it is necessary to cast the molten aluminum around the heating element without melting the aluminum sheathing of the heating element. This can be accomplished by injecting the molten aluminum into the die under the following conditions:
A. A holding or die closure time of 6-15 seconds;
B. Melt temperature range between 1150 F. and 1300 F; and
C. Plunger pressure from 2800 to 4800 p.s.i.
While the annexed drawing and above description describes a fiat iron sole plate the present invention is applicable to other appliances, such as, electric percolators, electric fry pans, electric waffle irons, electric deep fryers, etc.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in the following claim or the equivalent of such be employed.
I, therefore, particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
In electrical heating device comprising, an electrical resistance element, a tubular aluminum sheath surrounding said resistance element in spaced concentric relation therefrom, and electrical insulating and heat conducting material filling the space between said element and said sheath, and an aluminum heat transmitting body having a portion cast in continuous intimate engagement with a. pre-determined circumferential portion of said tubular sheath, said circumferential portion being greater than 180 of the circumferential dimension of said sheath, the remaining circumferential portion of said sheath remain ing exposed.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,359,400 Lightfoot Nov. 16, 1920 2,213,969 Ruben Sept. 10, 1940 2,220,776 Smith Nov. 5, 1940 2,389,587 Appleman Nov. 27, 1945 2,684,428 Bixler July 20, 1954- 2,725,453 Haller Nov. 29, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 581,912 Great Britain Oct. 29, 1946 720,939 Great Britain Dec. 29, 1954 OTHER REFERENCES Die Casting by H. H. Doehler, 1st ed., 1951, pages 141, 147, 162 and 212.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US530359A US2890318A (en) | 1955-08-24 | 1955-08-24 | Aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US530359A US2890318A (en) | 1955-08-24 | 1955-08-24 | Aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2890318A true US2890318A (en) | 1959-06-09 |
Family
ID=24113366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US530359A Expired - Lifetime US2890318A (en) | 1955-08-24 | 1955-08-24 | Aluminum sheathed heating elements in aluminum die castings |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2890318A (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3186044A (en) * | 1957-05-23 | 1965-06-01 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Method of producing current conducting elements |
US3456330A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-07-22 | Vaughan & Bushnell Mfg Co | Method of making and assembling a dead-blow hammerhead |
US3532856A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1970-10-06 | Clyde H F Collins | Electric thermal storage heaters and/or heating units used in said heaters |
US3848110A (en) * | 1973-07-25 | 1974-11-12 | Marie Martle Poulin Giguere | Portable electric grill appliance |
US3963450A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-06-15 | Canron Limited | Reinforced cast product and method of making |
FR2435880A1 (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-04-04 | Hartmann Kg Bau Elektrischer A | HEATING ELEMENTS CONSISTING OF PLAIN OR CANNED PROFILES |
US4688622A (en) * | 1982-01-06 | 1987-08-25 | Gellert Jobst U | Injection molding manifold member and method of manufacture |
US5318094A (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1994-06-07 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Production of complex cavities inside castings or semi-solid forms |
US5422459A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1995-06-06 | Zibo Electrothermal Appliances Factory | Hot plate with shaped double walled electric heating element to promote heat transfer |
US5657811A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1997-08-19 | Pcc Composites, Inc. | Cast-in hermetic electrical feed-throughs |
US5921333A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1999-07-13 | Naco, Inc. | Casting having in-situ cast inserts and method of manufacturing |
US20040011495A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2004-01-22 | Jonathon Fischers | Mold material processing device, method and apparatus for producing same |
US20050159284A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2005-07-21 | Smith Bruce R. | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
US20070188562A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Mold-Masters Limited | Heater for a manifold of an injection molding apparatus |
US20150182064A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-07-02 | Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Helical dynamic flow through heater |
US20170035243A1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-02-09 | Moru Co., Ltd. | Heat-retaining tray |
US9664414B2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2017-05-30 | Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dynamic flow heater |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1359400A (en) * | 1920-06-22 | 1920-11-16 | Cutler Hammer Mfg Co | Electric heater |
US2213969A (en) * | 1937-02-23 | 1940-09-10 | Ruben Samuel | Electrical resistance element |
US2220776A (en) * | 1939-07-10 | 1940-11-05 | Aluminum Co Of America | Pressure casting apparatus |
US2389587A (en) * | 1942-11-05 | 1945-11-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Heating apparatus |
GB581912A (en) * | 1942-12-17 | 1946-10-29 | Jack & Heintz Inc | Improvement in cylinder castings |
US2684428A (en) * | 1953-05-25 | 1954-07-20 | Hoover Co | Electric iron |
GB720939A (en) * | 1953-04-29 | 1954-12-29 | Frederick Reginald Williams | Improvements in or relating to electrically heated smoothing irons |
US2725453A (en) * | 1952-04-08 | 1955-11-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Heating apparatus |
-
1955
- 1955-08-24 US US530359A patent/US2890318A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1359400A (en) * | 1920-06-22 | 1920-11-16 | Cutler Hammer Mfg Co | Electric heater |
US2213969A (en) * | 1937-02-23 | 1940-09-10 | Ruben Samuel | Electrical resistance element |
US2220776A (en) * | 1939-07-10 | 1940-11-05 | Aluminum Co Of America | Pressure casting apparatus |
US2389587A (en) * | 1942-11-05 | 1945-11-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Heating apparatus |
GB581912A (en) * | 1942-12-17 | 1946-10-29 | Jack & Heintz Inc | Improvement in cylinder castings |
US2725453A (en) * | 1952-04-08 | 1955-11-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Heating apparatus |
GB720939A (en) * | 1953-04-29 | 1954-12-29 | Frederick Reginald Williams | Improvements in or relating to electrically heated smoothing irons |
US2684428A (en) * | 1953-05-25 | 1954-07-20 | Hoover Co | Electric iron |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3186044A (en) * | 1957-05-23 | 1965-06-01 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Method of producing current conducting elements |
US3456330A (en) * | 1965-12-20 | 1969-07-22 | Vaughan & Bushnell Mfg Co | Method of making and assembling a dead-blow hammerhead |
US3532856A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1970-10-06 | Clyde H F Collins | Electric thermal storage heaters and/or heating units used in said heaters |
US3848110A (en) * | 1973-07-25 | 1974-11-12 | Marie Martle Poulin Giguere | Portable electric grill appliance |
US3963450A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-06-15 | Canron Limited | Reinforced cast product and method of making |
FR2435880A1 (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-04-04 | Hartmann Kg Bau Elektrischer A | HEATING ELEMENTS CONSISTING OF PLAIN OR CANNED PROFILES |
US4688622A (en) * | 1982-01-06 | 1987-08-25 | Gellert Jobst U | Injection molding manifold member and method of manufacture |
US5318094A (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1994-06-07 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Production of complex cavities inside castings or semi-solid forms |
US5422459A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1995-06-06 | Zibo Electrothermal Appliances Factory | Hot plate with shaped double walled electric heating element to promote heat transfer |
US5657811A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1997-08-19 | Pcc Composites, Inc. | Cast-in hermetic electrical feed-throughs |
US5921333A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1999-07-13 | Naco, Inc. | Casting having in-situ cast inserts and method of manufacturing |
US20050159284A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2005-07-21 | Smith Bruce R. | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
US6932753B1 (en) | 1998-12-09 | 2005-08-23 | Fort James Corporation | Food serving paperboard container pressing apparatus employing cast-in electrical heaters |
US20040011495A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2004-01-22 | Jonathon Fischers | Mold material processing device, method and apparatus for producing same |
US7044191B2 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2006-05-16 | Mold-Masters Limited | Mold material processing device, method and apparatus for producing same |
US20070188562A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Mold-Masters Limited | Heater for a manifold of an injection molding apparatus |
US20090269435A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2009-10-29 | Mold-Masters (2007) Limited | Plate Heater for a Manifold of an Injection Molding Apparatus |
US7806681B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2010-10-05 | Mold-Masters (2007) Limited | Plate heater for a manifold of an injection molding apparatus |
US20110010917A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2011-01-20 | Mold-Masters (2007) Limited | Plate heater for a manifold of an injection molding apparatus |
US9664414B2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2017-05-30 | Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dynamic flow heater |
US20150182064A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-07-02 | Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Helical dynamic flow through heater |
US9648983B2 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2017-05-16 | Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Helical dynamic flow through heater |
US20170035243A1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-02-09 | Moru Co., Ltd. | Heat-retaining tray |
US10213048B2 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2019-02-26 | Moru Co., Ltd. | Heat-retaining tray |
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