US2886585A - Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form - Google Patents

Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2886585A
US2886585A US604066A US60406656A US2886585A US 2886585 A US2886585 A US 2886585A US 604066 A US604066 A US 604066A US 60406656 A US60406656 A US 60406656A US 2886585 A US2886585 A US 2886585A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
water
product
reaction product
cake
making
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US604066A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Barsky George
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EF Drew and Co Inc
Original Assignee
EF Drew and Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL236056D priority Critical patent/NL236056A/xx
Application filed by EF Drew and Co Inc filed Critical EF Drew and Co Inc
Priority to US604066A priority patent/US2886585A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2886585A publication Critical patent/US2886585A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0069—Laundry bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/006—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets containing mainly surfactants, but no builders, e.g. syndet bar

Definitions

  • the present invention is intended and adapted to overcome the difficulties and disadvantages inherent in the prior art, it being among the objects of the present invention to provide a cake or bar of a suitable synthetic detergent which is coherent, does not tend to disintegrate,
  • a water-soluble salt of hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid is mixed with a fatty acid or a mixture of fatty acids and preferably the higher saturated fatty acids.
  • a fatty acid or a mixture of fatty acids preferably the higher saturated fatty acids.
  • the fatty acids obtained by hydrolysis of coconut oil may take certain fractions of such fatty acids. myristic, palmitic and stearic.
  • saturated higher fatty acids having at least 12 carbon atoms are used and sometimes it may be advisable to avoid the presence of any substantial amount of the unsaturated fatty acids; in such case, the fatty acids have an iodine number of not over 2.0.
  • the hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid salt is reacted under suitable conditions with a higher fatty acid in order to form a reaction or condensation product.
  • This product The fatty acids used include lauric,
  • the amount of water used may vary considerably and in general it has been found that up to about 10 to 15 parts by weight of water to parts of the detergentis suflicient in practically all cases.
  • the temperatures used are substantially above room temperatures and are usually from 40 to 100 C. At the higher temperatures, less water may be used.
  • Various addition agents, fillers, abrasives, coloring materials, perfumes or the like may be introduced into the composition prior to casting into molds.
  • the relative proportions of the constituents are such that there is present for each mol. of the hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid salt an amount of the fatty acid which is less than 1 mol., say 0.95 mol., and more than 0.6 mol.
  • the mixture is heated in a closed reaction kettle while maintaining an inert atmosphere by the use of a suitable gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
  • the heating is conducted at a temperature of about 200 to 300 C. for a sufficient length of time to complete the reaction between the constituents. Usually from 1 to 4 hours is sufiicient.
  • a pressure is maintained which is usually somewhat below atmospheric but in all cases above 250 mm. After the substantial completion of the reaction the pressure is reduced to below 100 mm.
  • the heating is continued for a sufficient length of time at the high vacuum to volatilize and remove any unreacted fatty acid present in the reaction product. It is desirable that the product have a very low free fatty acid number, say not over 5.0 and often as low as 2.0.
  • Example 1 The reaction product may be made as follows:
  • the mass is cooled as rapidly as possible with continuous agitation. As the cooling proceeds the physical condition of the reaction mass changes from a viscous liquid to a viscous mass and then to a brittle mass which granulates readily and forms powder or beads. After the contents of the reaction vessel have reached a relatively low temperature, say below 120 C. the mass may be removed. To further pulverize the mass to a uniform size, it is cooled to room temperature. The free fatty acid number of the product is approximately 5.0. During the entire operation oxygen is excluded from the reaction vessel.
  • the product is dissolved in water to form a saturated solution at least 90 to 95 C. Water is evaporated to give a supersaturated solution and it is then cooled to room temperature. The product precipitates out and is separated from the mother liquor. If desired, the product may be Washed with a limited amount of water. The crystallized product is substantially free from excess of hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid compound.
  • Example 2 The following constituents are used in order to produce a detergent which is eminently suitable for laundering fine and delicate fabrics:
  • Reaction product 100 Water The water is heated to a temperature of about 98 C. and the reaction product is gradually added thereto with constant stirring while maintaining the temperature, until a uniform consistency is obtained. Then the composition is poured into a suitable mold and cooled to form a cake.
  • Example 3 The following composition may be used as a toilet detergent:
  • Example 4 A highly effective laundry detergent or one adapted for heavy cleaning has the following composition:
  • Reaction product 100 Water 4 Trisodium phosphate Rosin
  • the reaction product mixed with water is agitated and heated to substantially the boiling point of water or slightly below said temperature.
  • the phosphate and Parts by weight Reaction product 100 Water 12 Pumice 10 Oarboxymethyl cellulose 1
  • the water is heated to a temperature of 85 to 90 C. with agitation, after which the reaction product is incorporated therein with constant agitation and maintaining of the aforesaid temperature.
  • the pumice is similarly introduced and thereafter the carboxymethyl cellulose is introduced and uniformly distributed therethrough. Then the complete mixture is cast into molds and cooled.
  • the amount of water used may be increased if the detergent is to be used during dry seasons or in dry climates. If the detergent is to be used in humid regions, then less Water may be incorporated therein. Usually the amount of water is from 1% to 12%, based on the weight of the reaction product.
  • the sodium salt of the hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid is used, other water-soluble salts of said acid are equally suitable, including all of the alkali metal salts.
  • Various addition agents having suitable functions may be introduced into the composition, such as fillers, rosin, soap, alkali metal phos phates and polyphosphates, alkali metal carbonates, earboxymethyl cellulose, pumice, infusorial earth, lanolin, essential oils and other substances.
  • the reaction product is the major constituent and usually consists of 80% or more of the total composition.
  • the filling materials are usually less than 20%. In some cases foaming agents in small amount may be introduced into the composition.
  • the reaction product may be formed with other fatty acids than those specifically named herein but the latter are at present consid ered to be the best for the purpose.
  • the molding may be obtained by the use of pressure to form the cakes or bars. Or the mass may be extruded to produce bars which may then be cut to size, and the cakes then pressed to the desired shape.
  • a method of making a detergent cake which comprises adding to the reaction product of a hydroxyeth ylsulphonic acid salt with a higher fatty acid an amount of water insufiicient to dissolve said product at room temperatures, heating said mixture to form at least a paste, and cooling to room temperature.
  • a method of making a detergent cake which comprises adding to the reaction product of a hydroxyethyl sulphonic acid salt with a higher fatty acid made by heating a mixture of said hydroxyethylsulphonic acid and higher fatty acid to a temperature of about 200300 C. at a pressure below atmospheric for a sufficient length .of time to cause a reaction between said substances, an amount of Water insufiicient to dissolve said product at room temperature, heating said mixture to about 40 .to C. to form at least a paste, and cooling the same to room temperature.
  • a method of making a detergent cake which comprises adding to the reaction product of a hydroxyethylsulphonic acid salt with a higher fatty acid made by heating a mixture of said hydroxyethylsulphonic acid and higher fatty acid to a temperature of about 200-300 C. at a pressure below atmospheric for a sufficient length of time to cause a reaction between said substances, 1 to 12 parts by weight of water insufficient to dissolve said product at room temperature, heating said mixture to about 40 to 100 C. to form at least a paste and cooling to room temperature.
  • a method of making a detergent cake which comprises adding to the reaction product of a hydroxyethylsulphonic acid salt with a higher ⁇ fatty acid made by heating a mixture of said hydroxyethylsulphonic acid and higher fatty acid to a temperature of about 200300 C. at a pressure below atmospheric for a suflicient length 6 of time to cause a reaction between said substances, an amount of water insuflicient to dissolve said product at room temperature, heating said mixture to about to C. to form at least a paste, compressing said mixture to form a cake, and cooling to room temperature.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US604066A 1956-08-15 1956-08-15 Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form Expired - Lifetime US2886585A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL236056D NL236056A (en(2012)) 1956-08-15
US604066A US2886585A (en) 1956-08-15 1956-08-15 Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US604066A US2886585A (en) 1956-08-15 1956-08-15 Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2886585A true US2886585A (en) 1959-05-12

Family

ID=24418047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US604066A Expired - Lifetime US2886585A (en) 1956-08-15 1956-08-15 Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2886585A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL236056A (en(2012))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978780A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-12-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of ether sulfonates and polyglycol ether sulfonates, and products prepared by this method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1906484A (en) * 1930-04-08 1933-05-02 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Soap preparation
US2356903A (en) * 1941-02-05 1944-08-29 Procter & Gamble Soap-free detergents in bar form
US2385614A (en) * 1941-05-03 1945-09-25 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Detergent bars or cakes
GB573470A (en) * 1941-12-12 1945-11-22 Procter & Gamble Process of producing an improved wetting, sudsing and detergent agent
USRE23823E (en) * 1954-05-04 Detergent and method of making

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE23823E (en) * 1954-05-04 Detergent and method of making
US1906484A (en) * 1930-04-08 1933-05-02 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Soap preparation
US2356903A (en) * 1941-02-05 1944-08-29 Procter & Gamble Soap-free detergents in bar form
US2385614A (en) * 1941-05-03 1945-09-25 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Detergent bars or cakes
GB573470A (en) * 1941-12-12 1945-11-22 Procter & Gamble Process of producing an improved wetting, sudsing and detergent agent

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978780A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-12-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of ether sulfonates and polyglycol ether sulfonates, and products prepared by this method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL236056A (en(2012))

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2412819A (en) Detergent briquette
DE69101299T2 (de) Silikat.
CA1133937A (en) Method for the production of metal soaps
US2987483A (en) Cleaning composition
US3639286A (en) Synthetic detergent in bar or cake form and the method to manufacture same
DE2805128C2 (en(2012))
DE1926084A1 (de) Waschmittel
US2584056A (en) Preparation of stable, solid, watersoluble, surface-active compositions containing urea and a quaternary ammonium compound
DE3854462T2 (de) Feste geformte Geschirrspülmittelzusammensetzung.
JPS6181500A (ja) 塩化マグネシウムを有する改良された合成界面活性剤ケ−ク
GB2060675A (en) Method for retarding gelation of bicarbonate-carbonate-silicate crutcher slurries
EP0203524B1 (de) Schmeltblockförmiges alkalihydroxidfreies Mittel für das maschinelle Reinigen von Geschirr und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE1916861C3 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln
DE2707280C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung freifließender Buildersalzteilchen sowie diese enthaltende Waschmittel
US3461074A (en) Detergent compositions
US2407647A (en) Synthetic organic nonsoap detergent in bar form and process of making same
US4761248A (en) Process for preparing particulate detergent products
NO165228B (no) Tilhengerfeste for biler, saerlig for personbiler.
US4696767A (en) Surfactant compositions
US2635103A (en) Detergent and method of making the same
US2511249A (en) Sodium potassium pyrophosphates and method for producing same
US2886585A (en) Method of making a synthetic detergent in cake form
USRE23823E (en) Detergent and method of making
US3367876A (en) Process for producing cleaning tablets
US3367880A (en) Rapidly disintegrating detergent tablets and method of producing same