US2884236A - Gas-liquid contacting apparatus - Google Patents

Gas-liquid contacting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2884236A
US2884236A US493448A US49344855A US2884236A US 2884236 A US2884236 A US 2884236A US 493448 A US493448 A US 493448A US 49344855 A US49344855 A US 49344855A US 2884236 A US2884236 A US 2884236A
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Prior art keywords
liquid
gas
tray
holes
group
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US493448A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maille Jean
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Air Liquide SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/22—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal sieve plates or grids; Construction of sieve plates or grids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B01F23/231231—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material the outlets being in the form of perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
    • B01F23/23113—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers characterised by the disposition of the bubbling elements in particular configurations, patterns or arrays

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to the type of fractionating device which employs a tray of the type perforated with openings of a size such that when the tray is in operation they permit gas to ascend but prevent the liquid from des'cending.
  • the type of tray is known generally as a perforated tray.
  • the liquid flows across the tray from an onflow zone to an oil-flow zone while the gas passes up through the openings and through the layer of liquid on the tray.
  • This type of flow across the tray is generally known as cross-flow as distinct from flow through the tray which takes place in a sieve" type tray.
  • Perforated trays employing cross-flow are simple in construction and have a high efficiency. Buttheir efficiency can only be maintained Within relatively narrow limits of through-put.
  • the applicant's development The present invention is designed to permit wide variations in through-put in an apparatus employing a column including a number of spaced apart trays one above the other in which each tray is adapted to support a liquid layer and to allow permeation of the liquid layer by the rising gas.
  • rising gas is channeled into a multitude of small spaced apart courses which are brought into contact with the liquid layer at different depths of levels in the liquid layer and positively bafiied except at the courses. tacting the liquid layer at the least depth form streams, or jets of bubbles which penetrate the liquid even though the gas pressure is low.
  • the gas in the difierent courses being at substantially the same pressure, the courses contacting the liquid at the greatest depth penetrate the liquid only when the gas pressure is at the highest, whereas the courses reaching the liquid at an intermediate level are effective at both intermediate and high gas pressures. This is because of the differential in the head of liquid above the respective courses.
  • the greater head of liquid above the courses encountering the liquid layer at the deeper levels olfers greater resistance than the lesser head at the shallower levels.
  • At least some of the intermediate courses are directed downstream to exert a thrust on the liquid when their jets are active.
  • the up ward flow of the gas stream is bafiled directly beneath the lower and intermediate courses so as to cause the gas to change direction before being channeled into the courses. This is to disentrain liquid from the gas.
  • the courses are so directed that the resultant force including that of gravity and the The courses conn d aws Far "ice resultant thrust of the gas on the liquid layer is downstream.
  • This apparatus of the invention employs a specially designed tray'.
  • This tray has in common with trays of the prior art an elongated liquid retention surface across which the liquid will be made to flow (in cross-flow as opposed to sieve flow) and gas holes through which the gas passes under certain operating conditions into and through the liquid stream.
  • the tray includes receiving means for receiving liquid from above and downcomer means for passing the liquid to below, and the necessary In ac: cordance with the present invention the tray has a plate-' like supporting member providing the liquid retaining This surface is bumpy, preferably undulating.
  • This bumpy surface is made up of a series of hills and third group of gas holes.
  • the gas will tend to seek the holes above which the head is least, so that at low gas pressure the gas will only pass through the holes at the summit of the hill. mediate gas pressures the gas will pass through the open ings in the slope of the hill as well. At high gas pressure the gas will pass through all the holes.
  • first and second group of holes are neutral, i.e., they do not exert any downstream or d plus 11 is greater than u d is the area of the downstream holes (01' courses), n is the area of the neutral holes (or courses) and u is the area of the upstream holes (or courses).
  • the valu'e of u may be zero or greater and d should not be less than half of u.
  • the total area of the gas holes in the tray will be from about 7% to about 15% of the total liquid contacting area of the tray including the area of the holes. This holds for any size of tray. In typical trays the individual openings will range from about 1 mm. to about 3 mm. in diameter but this may vary depending on the number of holes and their distribution. The specific size of the:
  • gutter-members are provided beneath the second group of gas holes and at least a part of the third group of gas holes. These gutter members serve the dual purposes of deflecting the gas and causing it to change direction before it is channelled into the gas holes and of catching liquid which may weep down through the gas holes. Deflection of the rising gas causes disentrainment of liquid into the gutters. Retention of the liquid provides a stock of liquid for starting up after a shut-down.
  • One preferred way of making the plates is by forming them from a series of overlapping identical corrugated strips, each strip being provided with a main undulation and adjoining trough and upsweep portions beside each trough.
  • the strips are overlapped in such a way that they form the plates.
  • This tray is similar in construction and in function in respect of the actual liquid supporting surface. However this surface instead of having hills and valleys running across the tray has these hills and valleys running concentrically about the tray from a liquid receiving portion at the periphery to a downcomer near the centre of the tray.
  • the liquid supporting surface is preferably made up of a number of annular corrugated rings instead of the strips of the previously described form of the device.
  • the outer ring is provided with means for engaging the wall of the column.
  • the inner ring is provided with means for engaging a receiving vessel.
  • the liquid runs from the periphery of the tray towards the centre, i.e., across the corrugations.
  • Liquid conveying members are provided running from the receiving vessel at the centre to the periphery so as to deliver liquid from this vessel to the tray below.
  • Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view of a fractionating tower equipped with trays in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section showing the relationship of several successive trays in the tower shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical cross-section taken through one of the trays of Figure I intended to show particularly the movement of the liquid and gas.
  • Figure 4 is a horizontal cross-section through the tower showing one of the trays in plan view.
  • Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of the plate portion of one of the trays.
  • Figure 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the plate shown in Figure 5 illustrating more accurately the disposition of the gas holes.
  • Figure 7 is a fragmentary plan view showing a part of one of the strips from which the plates of Figures 5 and 6 is made, the strip being shown flat before corrugating.
  • Figure 8 is a horizontal cross-section through the tower showing a tray of an alternative form, e.g., an annular form.
  • Figure 9 is a vertical cross-section along the line 9--9 of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a vertical cross-section along the line 10-10 of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a large fragmentary vertical cross-section through the plate portion of the tray of Figure 8 taken along the line 9-9.
  • Figure 12 is a graph illustrating the efliciency of a tray according to the present invention as compared with that of prior art trays.
  • a steel fractionating column A is provided with a number of trays B, B B which are held in position in the column as will be described.
  • the respective trays are similarly lettered but successive trays identified by the addition of the subscripts 1, 2, etc.
  • the parts likewise of the trays are similarly numbered but those of successive trays carry a, b, etc.
  • Each tray is circular in outline and designed to fit within the column.
  • Each tray is made up of a receiving plat form 15, 15a, 15b, etc., followed by a liquid supporting plate P, P P etc., and a downcomer 19, 19a, etc.
  • Each tray is mounted on the wall of the column by being fixed to a metal L member 21, 21a, etc. This is suitably fixed to the column for example by soft soldering or in any other manner.
  • Spacer channels 30, 33, 34 and 35 intervene respective trays.
  • the spacer channels are spaced apart by tie rods 25 bolted as at 27.
  • the spacer channels are provided with escapement openings 29 to allow liquid to circulate laterally and to find a common level over the entire tray.
  • Each strip has a wave 33 which is flanked by an upstream wall 35 and a downstream wall 37.
  • the down stream wall merges into a trough portion 39, and con-.
  • the upstream wall extends into a trough 43 and thence to an upsweep portion 45.
  • the adjacent strips are arranged in overlapping relationship so that the upsweep part 45, the trough 43 and the upstream wall 39 of one strip underlie respectively the downstream wall 37, the trough 39 and the downstream wall 41 of the preceding strip.
  • the portion 35 of the underlying strip is in contact with the portion 41 of the overlying strip leaving the portions 43 and 45 of the underlying strip spaced from the overlapping portion 37 of the overlying strip.
  • the strips therefore, make up a plate the upper surface of which provides the liquid sup porting surface of the tray and the underlying projecting portions, gutter members.
  • the ends of the strips are held in position by the flanges of the members 21, 2111, etc. Actually, the intermediate portions of the strips are not connected but merely in contact with one another.
  • a first group in this case, a single row of gas holes 61 is provided running parallel to the waves at or adjacent the crest of each wave.
  • a second group in this case, a single row of gas holes 63 is provided in the trough between adjacent waves.
  • a third group of gas holes in this case, made up of three rows65, 67 and 69 is provided in the downstream wall of each wave.
  • the total area of the gas holes in the tray is between about 7% and about 1 15% of the total liquid contacting area of the tray. In the preferred form shown the total area of the holes presents about 15% of the total liquid contacting area of the plate.
  • the pre e e o m .of h vshqwn. is made t halves held together centrally by aspecial' joint; This joint includes the pair of channelmembers 33 and 34 placed back to back as shown.
  • the plate B is made in two portions Ba and Bb.
  • the strips S are prefabricated in two halves, each terminating at the central joint.
  • the tray can be made of superposed corrugated plates suitably provided with openings and suitably placed with respect to each other. Other arrangements may also be used.
  • the column is operated generally speaking in the same manner as any reflux column. For example, if liquid oxygen is being purified liquid oxygen flows from the top of the column to the bottom and gaseous nitrogen upward through the column. The same principle applies to the contacting of the other liquids with corresponding gases.
  • the effect of the present process is as follows.
  • the pressure of the gas is relatively low and only the first group' of openings 61 are active.
  • the horizontal thrusts of the oblique jets of gas andthe vertical thrusts combine to give a good agitation without accelerating the liquid.
  • the liquid flows then principally because of the difierence in its level between the on-- put and the out-put zones
  • the circulation of the liquid must become faster.
  • the invention provides thatthis is accomplished automatically by the hori-' zontal thrust of the supplementary gas leaving by. the holes 61.
  • the passage of gas through the column can be said to' follow the following pattern. It rises as a stream between the trays. iarts of this stream rise more or less directly from the surface of the liquid on one tray to the underside of the tray above. Other parts of this stream are diverted by gutter or baffle members, i.e., the parts 43 and- 45 of the strips before gaining access to the underside of the liquid carrying portion of the plate. Gas reaching the tray is channelled into or against the gas holes in the tray or baffled by the imperforate portions. The gas channelled into or against the gas holes has been referred to in a process sense as being in courses as distinct from the gas which finds itself for the time being baffied. The gas in these courses is either in the form of a stream flowing into the liquid, when its pressure is high enough to I overcome the head of the liquid above the gas holes,
  • FIGS 8 through ll show an alternative form of trayi according to the invention.
  • the first tray in this particular tray, the second tray, the third tray, the fourth tray, the fifth tray, the sixth tray, the sixth tray, the seventh tray, the sixth tray, the seventh tray, the eighth tray, the sixth tray, the eighth tray, the sixth tray, the seventh tray, the eighth tray, the sixth tray, the eighth tray, the eighth tray, the sixth tray, the eighth tray, the eighth tray, the
  • Each tray is made up as in the trays described in the previous figures, of parts enabling it to be attached to the column A
  • the general construction of the tray' is in many ways similar to that described in connection 7 with the tray in which the flow is cross-wise rather than from the periphery towards'the centre.
  • the liquid supporting surface or plate D is made up of a number of annular rings R, each ring with the exception of the outer and inner rings is provided with a central hill portion 133, a downstream slope 137, a trough portion 139, an upsweep portion 141, an upstream slope 135, a trough portion 143, and an upsweep portion. 146..
  • the outer or peripheral ring R1 is provided with an up-- sweep portion 145a.
  • the slope 137A continues in stead of terminating in a trough and has an end portion R2 which is connected'to thetop edge of a bowl 115 which constitutes a receiving vessel for-liquid.
  • the mern'fl L ber 115 has a downc'omer portion 11.6 for receiving the liquid from the plate D.
  • a curved pipe 190 Going through the downcomer 116 and leading fromthe vessel is a curved pipe 190. One end of this pipe enters the vessel 115 where it ends in a month 118 which is more or less horizontal but oblique to the axis of the tube.
  • the free opposite end of the tube 190 is preferably cut at 120 also in a section oblique to the axis of the tube. Thanks to' the oblique mouth of the tube entering into the vessel 115, the tube offers to the passage of liquid a greater surface than the cross-section of the tube. This diminishes the loss of the charge due to a change of direc tion of the liquid.
  • By giving both ends of the tube a section having a same angle with the axis it is possible that all the tubes can be obtained from tubes arranged in a "helix and cut. identically with minimum labor and with noloss of material.
  • the tube preferably has at its highest portion, an opening 126 permitting equilibrium 75 in pressure between the tube and the gaseous atmosphere
  • the gas streams repre- '2' underneath the tray, and avoiding siphoning from the vessel 115, in the case when the tube becomes full of liquid.
  • Example 1 The following are the characteristics of a typical low pressure column in an air separation plant equipped in accordance with the invention.
  • Graph Figure 12 demonstrates the stage etficiency of the applicants type of tray as compared with certain other types of perforated trays.
  • T aunular tray of the bubble cap type.
  • U a louvre plate type of tray.
  • V the annular type of tray of the present invention.
  • W the angular type of tray of the present invention.
  • Characteristic dimensions for a liquid carrying sheet used in a tray such as that of the example are as follows.
  • the reference numerals are those in the drawings.
  • the horizontal distance between the bottom of the trough 43 and the adjacent top 33 in the upstream direction being 1 and inches.
  • the vertical distance between the top of the hill 33 and the trough 43 being inch.
  • the vertical distance between the downstream upsweep 41 and the trough 37 being inch.
  • the horizontal distance between the top 33 and the downhill trough 37 being inch. 7
  • the vertical distance between the trough 43 and the leading edge of the upsweep 41 being W inch.
  • the area of the gas holes should be according to the formula d plus n is greater than u where d is the area of the downstream holes (or courses), n is the area of the neutral holes (or courses) and u is the area of the upstream holes (or courses).
  • d is the area of the downstream holes (or courses)
  • n is the area of the neutral holes (or courses)
  • u is the area of the upstream holes (or courses).
  • the value of u may be zero or greater and d should not be less than half of a.
  • d plus It may not be considerably greater than u.
  • a satisfactory arrangement is two groups of neutral holes at the top of the hills and the bottom of the valleys respectively, one group of downstream holes on the downstream slope of the hills, and $3: group of upstream holes on the upstream slope of the
  • a typical arrangement for a fractionating column includes one group of neutral holes in the top of the hills, one group of neutral holes in the valleys, one group of up- Zil'ffim .holes and two or three groups of downstream
  • the term resulting area means not only the direction of flow but that there are more openings in the direction of flow than elsewhere.
  • a tray for gas-liquid contact of the type having an elongated liquid retention surface across which liquid is made to flow substantially horizontally in a layer in contact with the gas rising through holes in said surface, a perforated plate-like member providing said surface and having a plurality of corrugations extending crosswise to the flow direction of the liquid, the corrugations providmg a number of undulations having hills and intervening valleys, the summit of each hill being provided with a first group of gas holes, each valley being provided with a second group of gas holes, the downstream slope of each undulation being provided with a third group of gas holes, a gutter member connected to the under side of the upstream slope of each hill and extending therefrom in the upstream direction to a position beneath the adjacent valley and downstream slope, the gutter member having an intermediate portion below the level of said adjacent valley and rising to a terminal portion higher than said intermediate portion and spaced from the downstream slope, the gutter member serving as a baffle to prevent gas from rising directly into said second and third groups of holes and causing it to take a
  • a tray for gas-liquid contact of the type having an elongated liquid retention plate across which liquid is 1 made to flow in contact with the gas and a number of gas holes through the plate through which the gas is adapted to flow into and through the liquid stream, such plate having a series of hills and intervening valleys in the path of the liquid flow, a first group of gas holes being provided through the plate at the summit of the hills, a second group being provided through the plate at the valleys, and a third group being provided in the slope of the hills, the holes within the groups being evenly distributedso that any given perforated zone of the plate has an equal hole area, the resultant area of the holes being such that when gas is passing through all the holes-there is a resultant thrust of the gas against the liquid in the direction of flow of the liquid.
  • a tray for gas-liquid contact of the type having an elongated liquid retention surface across which liquid is made to flow in contact with the gas, and a number of gas holes through said surface through which the gas is adapted to flow into the liquid stream, such surface being made up of a plurality of overlapping corrugated strips, each strip having an intermediate undulation flanked by a downstream valley portion and an upstream valley portion each ending in an upsweep portion, the strips being arranged in overlapping relationship with the downstream upsweep portion of one strip resting on the upstream side of the undulation on the next strip and with the upstream valley and upsweep portion of one strip underlying the downstream side of the undulation and the downstream valley of the preceding strip, each strip being provided with a plurality of groups of gas holes, a first group extending through the strip adjacent to the top of the undulation, a second group being located in the downstream valley portion, and a third group being located in the downstream face of the undulation.
  • a tray according to claim 3 in which the third group of gas holes is directed in the direction of flow of the liquid, and the resultant area of all the holes is such that when gas is passing through all the holes there is a resultant thrust of the gas against the liquid in its direction of flow.
  • a tray for gas-liquid contact of the type having an elongated liquid retention surface across which liquid is made to flow in contact with the gas and a number of gas holes through the surface which the gas is adapted to flow into the liquid stream, such surface having a series of hills and intervening valleys running transversely to the path of the liquid flow, a first group of gas holes being provided through the plate at the hills, a second group being provided through the plate at the valleys, and a third group being provided in the slope of the hills, the third group of holes being directed in the direction of flow of the liquid, the resultant area of the holes being such that when gas is passing through all the holes there is a resultant thrust of the gas against the liquid in the direction of fiow of the liquid, the tray being of a circular shape and having a member adapted to engage the wall of a column, said member receiving the edges of said elongated liquid retention surface throughout a part of the circular periphery of the tray, downcomer means adapted to conduct liquid down to the next tray and onput means for receiving
  • a perforated plate-like means adapted to provide a liquid supporting surface, said plate-like means being made up of a plurality of corrugated strips arranged in succession and in contacting relationship whereby a downstream portion of one strip engages an upstream portion of the succeeding strip, the ends of the strips being held in said channel whereby the strips are held in position to constitute said plate-like member.
  • a gas-liquid contacting tray comprising an annular liquid-receiving surface surrounding a central opening
  • said tray having downcomer means adjacent said central opening, annular onput means at the periphery, 'and' 'ai member having a liquid-supporting surface between said onput means and downcomer means, said liquid-supporting surface having a plurality of undulations across which the liquid is adapted to run on its way from the onput means to the downcomer means, a first group of open ings at the top of the undulations, a second group of openings in the valley between the undulations, and .a third group of openings in the downstream slope of the undulations, the holes within the groups being evenly distributed so that any given perforated zone of the plate has an equal hole area, the resultant area of the openings being in the downstream direction whereby to exert a gas thrust on the liquid.
  • a gas-liquid contacting tray comprising an annular liquid-receiving surface surrounding a central opening, said tray having downcomer means adjacent said central opening, annular onput means at the periphery, and 'a member having a liquid supporting surface between said onput means and downcomer means, said liquid support ing surface having a plurality of undulations across which the liquid.
  • said liquid supporting surface is made up of a plurality of overlapping annular corrugated rings each having an undulation flanked by a downstream valley and an upstream valley ending respectively in upsweep portions, the downstream upsweep portion of each ring being fastened upon the upstream wall of the undulation of the succeeding ring, the upstream valley and adjacent upsweep portion of each ring underlying a downstream valley and adjacent upsweep portion of the preceding ring.
  • a gas-liquid contacting tray comprising an annular liquidreceiving surface surrounding a central opening, said tray having downcomer means adjacent said central opening, annular onput means at the periphery, and a member having a liquid supporting surface between said onput means and downcomer means, said liquid supporting surface having a plurality of undulations across which the liquid is adapted to run on its Way from the onput means to the downcomer means, a first group of openings near the top of the undulations, a second group of openings in the valley between the undulations, and a third group of openings in the downstream slope of the undulations, and in which the central opening contains a liquid-receiving bowl connected to the downcomer, a pipe enters the side of said bowl and projects therefrom in the direction towards the periphery of the tray upwards and then downwards, said pipe allowing flow of the liquid toward the periphery on the way to the next lower tray when the liquid reaches a certain level, said pipe having an opening in its uppermost portion
  • An element for use in trays of the type described for use in gas-liquid contacting trays comprising, an elongated strip corrugated in its direction of length to have an intermediate hill flanked at each side by a valley and upsweep portion, one of said valleys being on the downstream side of the strip and the other valley being on the upstream side, the summit of the hill being provided with a first group of gas holes, the downstream valley being provided with a second group of gas holes and the downstream face of the hill being provided with a third group of gas holes, the strip being adapted to be associated with identical strips thereby to make up a liquid supporting plate with the downstream upsweep portion of one strip fastened upon the upstream slope of the hill of the subsequent strip.
  • a gas-liquid contacting tray comprising an annular liquid-receiving surface surrounding a central opening, said tray having downcomer means adjacent said aeagase Illl central opening, annular onput means at the periphery, and a member having a liquid-supporting surface between said onput means and downcomer means, said liquid supporting surface having a plurality of undulations provided with gas holes, across which the liquid is adapted to run on its way from the onput means to the downcomer means, and in which the central opening contains a liquid-receiving bowl connected to the downcomer, a pipe enters the side of said bowl and projects therefrom in the direction towards the periphery of the tray upwards and then downwards, said pipe allowing flow of the liquid toward the periphery on the way to the next lower tray when the liquid reaches a certain level, said pipe having an opening in its uppermost portion to equalize pressure.
  • a column for contacting liquid with gas having a plurality of trays one above the other over which the liquid is adapted to run in succession while the gas passes up through the trays of the liquid thereon in succession, each tray having a liquid-supporting surface, downcomer means at one side and onput means at the other side, each tray including an elongated plate having a series of hills and intervening valleys in the path of the liquid flow, a first group of gas holes being provided through the plate at the summit of the hills, a second group being provided through the plate at the valleys, and a third group being provided in the slope of the hills, the holes Within the groups being evenly distributed so that any given perforated zone of the plate has an equal hole area, the resultant area of the holes being such that when gas is passing through all the holes there is a resultant thrust of the gas against the liquid in the direction of flow of the liquid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US493448A 1954-03-11 1955-03-10 Gas-liquid contacting apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2884236A (en)

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FR1020598X 1954-03-11

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US (1) US2884236A (no)
BE (1) BE536344A (no)
DE (1) DE1020598B (no)
FR (1) FR1100970A (no)
LU (1) LU33403A1 (no)
NL (1) NL92877C (no)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3081072A (en) * 1958-12-01 1963-03-12 Packed Column Corp Packing for vapor-liquid contact apparatus
US3218781A (en) * 1962-11-02 1965-11-23 Rudolph T Allemann Electrostatic apparatus for removal of dust particles from a gas stream
US3282576A (en) * 1962-09-06 1966-11-01 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for improved liquidvapor contact
US3294379A (en) * 1962-04-05 1966-12-27 Air Liquide Guarded perforated tray for contacting liquids and gases
DE1442825B1 (de) * 1963-10-31 1970-10-29 Ugine Kuhlmann Kolonne mit perforierten Zwischenboeden zum In-Kontakt-Bringen eines Gases mit Fluessigkeiten
US4301098A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-11-17 Mix Thomas W Vapor liquid contacting
US4603022A (en) * 1978-08-15 1986-07-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas-liquid contactor
US4749528A (en) * 1984-06-28 1988-06-07 The BOC Group, plc. Distillation trays
US5098615A (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-03-24 Uop Multiple-downcomer contacting tray with fluid directing baffles
US5259996A (en) * 1992-12-14 1993-11-09 Morgan Thomas H Low profile cascade aerator
US20120256328A1 (en) * 2009-12-25 2012-10-11 Jian An Chen Pressure-Reducing Oxygen Dissolving Apparatus
US9192895B2 (en) 2012-03-27 2015-11-24 Meurer Research Inc. Cascade aerator assembly
US20180085722A1 (en) * 2007-05-02 2018-03-29 Finesse Solutions, Inc. Disposable bioreactor system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29057C (de) * 1884-02-22 1884-10-13 CHR. SALZMANN in Leipzig Neuerungen an Destillir-Kolonnen
US2005316A (en) * 1932-06-15 1935-06-18 Texas Co Apparatus for fractionating hydrocarbon oil vapor
US2339561A (en) * 1941-05-27 1944-01-18 Shell Dev Fractionating column
GB669862A (en) * 1948-07-24 1952-04-09 Air Liquide Improvements in gas-liquid or vapour-liquid contacting apparatus
FR1065536A (fr) * 1951-07-16 1954-05-26 Fond d'échange
US2693949A (en) * 1950-10-19 1954-11-09 Koch Eng Co Inc Apparatus for contacting gases and liquids
US2767967A (en) * 1953-09-04 1956-10-23 Stone & Webster Eng Corp Fractionating tray

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29057C (de) * 1884-02-22 1884-10-13 CHR. SALZMANN in Leipzig Neuerungen an Destillir-Kolonnen
US2005316A (en) * 1932-06-15 1935-06-18 Texas Co Apparatus for fractionating hydrocarbon oil vapor
US2339561A (en) * 1941-05-27 1944-01-18 Shell Dev Fractionating column
GB669862A (en) * 1948-07-24 1952-04-09 Air Liquide Improvements in gas-liquid or vapour-liquid contacting apparatus
US2693949A (en) * 1950-10-19 1954-11-09 Koch Eng Co Inc Apparatus for contacting gases and liquids
FR1065536A (fr) * 1951-07-16 1954-05-26 Fond d'échange
US2767967A (en) * 1953-09-04 1956-10-23 Stone & Webster Eng Corp Fractionating tray

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3081072A (en) * 1958-12-01 1963-03-12 Packed Column Corp Packing for vapor-liquid contact apparatus
US3294379A (en) * 1962-04-05 1966-12-27 Air Liquide Guarded perforated tray for contacting liquids and gases
US3282576A (en) * 1962-09-06 1966-11-01 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for improved liquidvapor contact
US3218781A (en) * 1962-11-02 1965-11-23 Rudolph T Allemann Electrostatic apparatus for removal of dust particles from a gas stream
DE1442825B1 (de) * 1963-10-31 1970-10-29 Ugine Kuhlmann Kolonne mit perforierten Zwischenboeden zum In-Kontakt-Bringen eines Gases mit Fluessigkeiten
US4603022A (en) * 1978-08-15 1986-07-29 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gas-liquid contactor
US4301098A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-11-17 Mix Thomas W Vapor liquid contacting
US4749528A (en) * 1984-06-28 1988-06-07 The BOC Group, plc. Distillation trays
US5098615A (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-03-24 Uop Multiple-downcomer contacting tray with fluid directing baffles
US5259996A (en) * 1992-12-14 1993-11-09 Morgan Thomas H Low profile cascade aerator
US20180085722A1 (en) * 2007-05-02 2018-03-29 Finesse Solutions, Inc. Disposable bioreactor system
US10821409B2 (en) * 2007-05-02 2020-11-03 Finesse Solutions, Llc Disposable bioreactor system
US11986787B2 (en) 2007-05-02 2024-05-21 Finesse Solutions, Inc. Disposable bioreactor systems and related methods
US20120256328A1 (en) * 2009-12-25 2012-10-11 Jian An Chen Pressure-Reducing Oxygen Dissolving Apparatus
US9192895B2 (en) 2012-03-27 2015-11-24 Meurer Research Inc. Cascade aerator assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU33403A1 (no)
BE536344A (no)
DE1020598B (de) 1957-12-12
FR1100970A (fr) 1955-09-27
NL92877C (no)

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