US287090A - Magazine fire arm - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. BOCH.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

4Patented Oct. 23, 1883.

MN i llllr.. .N Q LN f, m im#: u S .1h/NNW WITNESSBS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. BOCH.

(No Model.)

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented ot. 23, 1883.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.`

P. BOCH.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM. No. 287,090. Patented Oct. 23, 1883.

WITNEssEs ATTORNEY UNrrnn STATES PHILIrr BOCH, or

MAGAZINE 'NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,090, dated October 23, 1883.

Application filed March 19, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom, it ifi/ay' concern.-

Be it known that I, PHiLIrP Boon, of` the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine Fire-Arms, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention has reference to certain-improvements in the magazine fire-arm forwhich Letters Patent of the United States have vheretofore vbeen granted to me under date of February 20, 1883, No. 272,636, said improvements being designed,.primarilymith aview to simplify the construction of the breech-bolt mechanism and to render the same more re-v liable and effective, and,'secondarily, with a View to secure the regular forward feeding-of the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel by means of a positive-motion feed, whereby any possibility of `the accidental discharge of the cartridgesin the magazine by Suddeneoncussion of the gun is prevented `and theentire feeding mechanism rendered more reliable and serviceable. V The invention relates more especially to iinprovements in that class of guns .known as bolt-guna7 or guns -having `a breech-bolt and iiring-pin; and it consists, first, of certain improvements in the eonstructioni'of the' breech-bolt, extractor, and tiring-pin; and, secondly, in an improved construction of the magazine and the mechanism by which. the cartridges are fed forward in a positive manner,witheut the employment of spring-pressure, to the cartridge-well and from the same into the barrel. 1

-It consists, further, of certain details of construction, as will more fully be described hereiuafter, and finally be pointed out in the claims. In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 represent vertical longitudinal sections of my improved magazine lire-arm, showing it respectively after it has been iired off and with breech-bolt drawn back and in position ready for charging a new cartridge. Fig. 3 isa side viewbf the lentire iire-arm and its magazine. Figs. 4 to 12 are details of the parts composing the breech-bolt, together with the extractor and firing-pin. Figs. 13 to 16 are vertical transverse sections of the breech-bolt on lines x x, y y, z z, and c c, Fig.4. Figs. 17 and 18 are side elevations of my magazine iirearm, taken from the opposite side to that shown by Figs. 1 and 2', and showing the mechanism for lfeeding the cartridges from the magazine Fig. 20 is a detail view of the pawl or dog that engages the slidechain for feeding the cartridges forward. Fig. 21 is a detail verticalflongitudinal section through the butt of the dire-arm,

Y showing the disposition of the cartridge-feeding chain within the interior of the same. Fig. 22 is afdetail vertical longitudinal section through the magazine, showing the connection of the cartridges with the cartridge-feeding chain; and Fig. 23 is a vertical transverse section through the barrel and the magazine, taken on line w w, Fig. 17.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the barrel, B the receiver or shoe at the breech end lof saine, and C the slidingA breech-bolt,

the receiver, insertedinto the same through fthe-rear end,`and guided by the shank a of the -extractorA'C in a longitudinal groove, a,

at the interior of the receiver B. The extractor C is applied by a segmental springclamp,` a, to the front part ofthe breech-bolt C, the breech-bolt turning around its axis independently of the spring-piece a" in one or the opposite direction until a proj ectin g tongue,

c3, of the breech-bolt C abuis against one of the endsof the spring-piece, as shown in Figs.

4 and 16. The breech-bolt C is made of a tubular exterior portion, and provided at its interior with a spring-acted firing-pin, D.

thereto by -a bayonet-joint, said socket-piece Cl extending into the breech-bolt and forming the seat for a spiral spring, D', that aetuates the firing-pin D when its rear part is released by the action of the trigger. The front end of the spiral spring D bears on a collar, d, which also serves to stop the tiringpin when thrown forward by contact with an interior shoulder, d, of the tubular breechboltO, as shown in Fig. 1. The spiral spring D serves to throw the firing-pin D forward aft-er the breech-bolt has been drawn back and the firing-pin has been set in proper position for firing. The rear end of the breech-bolt C Thel .rear.end of the breech-bolt vC is closed by a tubular socket-piece, G2, which is secured ,which is accurately fitted to the interior of is provided with 4a fixed actuating-level', E, I Iare drawn back entirely by the final forward p by means of which thc breech-bolt is operated iu the customary mannerv in bolt-guns. In front ofthe lever E thebreech-boltChas cams or projections c c, that lock in the nature f a bayonet-j oint into interior grooves or recesses c c of the lreceiver B, said grooves being made in the shape of an L, the longer longitudinal extensions admitting thel .drawing back of the breech-bolt whenever a new cartridge is to b e inserted into the receiver. The'breech-bolt C is further provided at' its middle part with a' longitudinal groove, f, that runs sidewise v of the projeeting tongue a, said groove having an L-shaped extension, j", at its rear end. Into said groove ff projects the'upper end, f", ofan elbow-lever, F, by which the cartridge-carrier, F is actuated, as shown in Figs. l and 2, the short lateral extensionv f of the groovef admitting the axial turning of the breech-bolt C yon .the projection f when the bolt has been locked` into position in the receiverB.` The Afront-end of the breech-bolt C has a central tapering` opening, c", for .the

.tapering end of theffiring-pin, through which the same is thrown for striking and exploding the primer ofthe cartridge; When the breechbolt C is turned yaround its axis in the receiver bythe lever E, so that the latterassumes an upward directiomas shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the cams e are in line with the longitudinal extensions of the recesses c e of the 'receiver B, and admit the pulling back of the breechbolt in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the barrel.v To the rear end of the firingpin Dis securely applied a sleeve, g, with disks g and a longitudinal tongue, g2, which g, which parts are clearly shown in Figs. 1,

latter is guided in a groove, g, of the socketpiece C, while the sleeve-shaped rear partsof the socket-piece C1. serve to guide the disks 10, andy 11. rlhe socket-piece C2 is also provided with a forward-extending sleeve, g, betweenl which and the body'of the socket is formed an. annularly-grooved space for the rear end, g5, ofthe breech-bolt, said rear end,

g5, being provided with'an inclined recess, g", into which the tongue g, at'the rear endv of the firing-pin, is moved by the spiral spring 1) at the moment when the connection of the socket-piece Gland breech-bolt C by the bayonet-joint is made. The inclined side of the recess y serves also, when the breech-bolt is turned by its lever E to move the tongue g, and thereby the firing-pin D, backward against the tension of its spring, and to set it into a smaller recess, gl, by which the firing-pin is retained in partly drawn-back position. When the breech-bolt C has been drawn back to its full extent and the cartridge placed in front of the same, it is pushed forward again,- and thereby a notch, g, of tongue .gz at the rear end of the firing-pin l) engaged by the upper end, y, of an intermediate fulcrumed and spring-pressed trigger piece. G, (shown in Figs. 1l and 2,)aud by the action of thc same on the tongue `(/kthe latter and the iring-pin and axial locking motion of the spring-bolt, so as to be ready for ring on pulling' the trigger G.

From the foregoing it will appear that the breech-bolt is composed of only six parts-the tubular breech-bolt C, the extlactor C', and its spring-piece a", the socket-piece l, the tiringpin D, the sleeve g at the rear end of the firingpin, and the spi ral spring D. WVhen the breechbolt (l is removed entirely from the receiver or shoeB, the parts may be readily disengagedl from each other v i n case any one requires cleaning or repairing. the separating of the socket-piece C from the breech bolt` whenever the bayonet-joint between them is disconnected. rlhe sleeve g is next lunserewed from the firing-pin l), and

ltherebythe socket-piece and spiral spring de- 'lhe spiral spring facilitates4 collar, f, at the frontend of the groove f of the breech-bolt, engages the upper end, f", of the elbow-lever when the breech-bolt is drawn back, so as to raise thereby the elbow-lever F. The carrier F is hinged atthefront end to the front end of the elbow-lever F, and engaged at its rear erd byacurved guide-piece, F, that is pivoted to the wall ofthe cartridge-well F, and guided byits lower end alongalongitudinal side Vrib of the elbow-lever F.' The rear end of the carrier F moves along the curved guide-piece F, and is raised by the elbow-lever F until the carrier assumes a position parallel to the axis of the main barrel, as shown in Fig. 2. The simultaneous motions of the elbow-lever F, guide-piece F", and carrier F', produced by the backward motion of the breech-bolt, cause the cartridges to be moved into the receiver and -into lin'e with the breech-bolt and the barrel,

ready to be moved forward into the` barrel b'y the forward motion of the breech-bolt,as shown in Fig. 2. NVhen thebrecch-bolt has nearly completed its forward motion, the upper end of the elbow-lever strikes against the rear end of slot f, and returns thereby the elbow-lever, carrier, and guide-piece into their normal position at the lower part of the cartridge-well, as shown in Fig. l, in which position the oarri er is in position to receive the next cartridge from the magazine H, as will appear more fully' by reference to the patent heretofore referred to,in which this construction has been specially described and claimed.

The cartridges are not fed forward from the magazine H by a spiral spring, as has been customary heretofore, but by means of a cartridge-feedingehain, l, that is composed of a number of individual links, i i, which are piv- IIO the rim at the base of the cartridge readily fits into the same. The links t z of the cartridgecarrying chain I are made of double T-shaped 4cross-sections, so as to form top and bottom grooves, by whichsaid linksare guided in a longitudinalslot, t2, of the magazine H, and by a longitudinal slot, i, .in the side Wall of the cartridge-Well F2, which slot forms an extension of the slot r2, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. From the guide-slot i3 the links Z Z vare delivered Vto a longitudinal .extension-channel, t, in thebutt Al of the gun. The channel d* is'made larger in the wider part ofthe butt A', so as to form, in connection with the semicircular guide-plate an enlarged cavity, i, which has at itslower end a forward-,extending channel, il. The length of the channel 'L'*, cavity i, and extension-channel i? corresponds to the length ofthe cartridge-feeding. chain I, so that the same can be gradually fed to and stored vaway in the butt of the gun, as the eartridges are successively fed vto the barrel, as shown in Fig. 21.

The mechanism by which the cartridge-feeding chain I is moved back, so as to supply successively the cartridges to the barrel, is shown clearly in Figs. 17 and 18, and consists of a curved dog, Z, that projects through a longitudinal slot, Z, of the receiver B into a recess, Z2, of the breech-bolt C, the slot Z' being located at that side at which the cartridge-feeding chain I is arranged. The dog Z is firmly secured to'a dovetailed slide-plate, Z, which moves longitudinally forward and backward in guides ZX, arranged at the outer side Wall of the cartridge-well F2. To the slide-plate Z a pawl, Z, is pivoted, said pawl having an up-.

ward and forward extending part, Zig-which is engaged by a spring, Z, that is preferably iliade integral with the dog Z. By the pressure of the spring ZG, the front end of the pawl Z* is forced downward, so that a hook,l Z7, at its outer end is thrown into engagement with eX- terior side recesses, i", of the cartridge-'feeding chain I, while a second smaller hook, 1*,.that projects in opposite direction to the hook Z7, engages a second "notch,I i, at some distance from the side recess, t", of each link li, and forms thereby a check device against the aceidental release of the chain I by eoncussions caused in discharging or in handling the firearm. In other words, it forms a check device by which the chain I is held in position, together with the cartridges, and by which the regular forward motion of the chain I by the motion of the breech-bolt is secured in the manner described. i

When the breech-bolt C is drawn back for setting the firing-pin and supplying a new cartridge to the barrel by the carrier, the dog Z, pawl Z, and the cartridge-feeding chain Iare moved back for the distance of one link, so as to place a cartridge in position on the carrier F', which is then lifted by the final backward motion of the breech-bolt into theA receiver, as

before described. Vhen the pawl Z4 has arrived at its real-most position, its hooks Z7 Z8 are lifted out of the side recess, is, and notcht" of the link by contact with a fixed and partlyrecessed stud, Z, as shown in Fig. 18. The pawl Z* is thereby disengaged from the link, so as to move forward with the breech-bolt Q until the pawl clears the stud Z9 and drops into the recess and notch of the next succeeding link of the chain, ready for the next backwardv motion of the breech-bolt. As the links of the cartridge-feeding chain I are of slightly greater length than the cartridges, and as the rims of the latterare' retained by the inner side recesses of the chain, the cartridges can never touch each other, but are separated iu the magazine as well as in the cartridge-well by small intermediate spaces, as will appear clearly by reference to Fig. 22, so that consequently no accidental discharge of the cartridges in the magazine and damage to the firearm in consequence thereof can ever take place. As the cartridges are successively fed to the barrel, the links of the chain I are moved into the storage-channel and cavity of the butt until, whenthe last cartridge is delivered to the barrel, the first link of the chain arrives at the end ofthe extension-channel of the liutt, as shown in Fig. 2l. It is now necessary to move the entire-chain I back into the magazine, together with a new set of cartridges, for which purpose a lifting-hook, m,

that is applied-to a dovetailed slideplate, m', moving in extensionsof the gnideways ZX ZX,- is pushed backward, so that its pointed lower end enga-ges the tapering front end of pawl l* and lifts the same out of engagement with the link. As many cartridges ascan be stored in the magazine are now,'one after the other, inserted through the charging-opening in the opposite side wall of the cartridge-well, so that the rims of the cartridges engage the inner side recesses, i', ot' the links i fi, and move thereby with the chain into the magazine until the same is charged to its full extent with its proper complement of cartridges, as shown in Fig. 3. As the chain I has to be retained in position without moving during the interval of time when the pawl l* is released from the recesses of the link at the begiiming of the backward motion of the breech-bolt, a springcheck, a, enters by its hook-shaped rear end, a', into the outer side recess, is, of the links it', and holds thereby the chain rigidly in position, as shown in Fig. 18. rlhe spring-check a is furthermore provided with an upwardlyextending part, a2, near the end hook, 11,,which part is engaged by a projecting check, Z1, at

. the rear end of the pawl Z4, as shown clear] y in Figs. 18 and 20, so that the spring-check n is pressedA in outward direction whenever the check 1" engages the part a?, which causes the clearing of the outer side recesses ofthe links 'Z i by the hook-shaped rear end, a', of the spring-check a and the dropping ofthe hooks of the pawl Z into the side recess i and notch i9 of the next link i of the chain by the action IOO IIO

"butt, said chain engaging the rims of the carl ted magazine, H, cartridge-Well F2, having nels, and provided with interior side recesses,

`the barrel, receiver, cartridge-Well, and butt with a cartridge-feeding chain that is guided in longitudinal slots of the magazine,w'ell, and

tridges, and with mechanism connected to the breech bolt, whereby the cartridge -feeding mechanism and the cartridges are successively fed into the receiver by the action of the breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of albngitudinally-slotguide-grooves fis, butt A,'having channels 'Z4 Zi' and extension-channel i7, a cartridge-feeding chain, I, having interior side-recesses, i', for engaging the rims of the cartridges, exteriqr side recesses, Z8, and notches i, a longitudinally-guided dog, Z, passing through a guider slot, Z', of the receiver into 'a recess, ZZ, of theY breech-bolt C, a pivoted and spring acted pawl, Z4, having hooks Z7 and ZS, and retaining check-spring n, having rear hook, n', adapted to engage a notch or recess of the cartridgecarryingchain, substantially as and for' the purpose set forth. l

6. The combination of the slotted magazine H, cartridge-Well F, having guide-slots i3, butt LA, having interior channels, Z* il, a cartridgefeeding chain, I, guided in said slots and chani', for engaging the rims of the cartridges, and with exterior side recesses,A fig, and notches Z9, a pivoted and spring-acted pawl, Z, connected to the breech-bolt and provided with hooks` ZT Z8 and projecting check ZO, a projecting stud,

Z9, and a check-spring, n, having rear hook, n', 'adapted to engage a notch or recess of the cartridge-carrying chain, and upwardly xtending portion n2, substantially as specified.

7. Inamagazine-gun, the combination of the longitudinally-guided cartridge-feeding chain I, vhaving an interior side recess, z", for the rims of the cartridges, exterior side recesses,'z'", and notches i", a pivoted pawl, Z4, actuatedby the breech-bolt, said pawl having hooks Z7 ZS and.

check Z1, a check-spring, u, having upwardlyextending portion n3, and slide-hook m, whereby the pawl and check-spring are released from the chain when it is desired to move the chain yforward for refilling the magazine, substantially as described.

8. The combinatiomina magazine-gun, of a cartridge-feeding chain, I, a reciprocating pivoted paWl, Z*, connected to the breech-bolt and provided with means for engaging the chain, a

check-spring, fn, having rear hooks, n', adaptenil to engage a notch or recess of the cartridgecarrying chain, upwardly-extending parts n n3, and projection u, a transverse sliding pin, nf, and a slide-plate, n, at the opposite side of the gun, the slide-plate producing the locking of the chain by the spring-check whenthegun is intended to be used for single-firing, substantially as specified. v

In testimony that' I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed lmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIPP BOCH. Witnesses:`

PAUL GOEPEL, SIDNEY MANN.

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